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Binary
a two-digit numerical system, which computers use to store data and compute functions. The reason computers use the binary system is because digital switches inside the computer can only be set to either on or off, which are represented by a 1 or 0
noun
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Computer Computadora
machine that performs 4 basic functions: input, processing, storage, and output
Noun
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Hardware
physical parts of the computer that you can see and touch.
Noun
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Input Device
devices used to enter data into the computer; mouse, keyboard, scanner, microphone, digital camera are input devices
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Memory
a computers temporary storage place, where it gets its work done. There are 2 main types:
RAM: Random Access Memory. It is the main memory and stores data and programs while the computer is running. When the computer is turned off anything in main memory disappears. Computer can read from and write to this memory ROM: Read Only Memory. A computer chip that stores specific instructions to manage the computers operation. Unlike main memory, this type of memory is non-volatile the instructions remain permanently on the chip and cannot be changed. Measuring Memory:Bit: short for binary digit, a bit is the smallest memory unit. 8 bits = 1 byteByte: short for binary digits eight, 1 byte = 1 character (a letter, number or symbolKilobyte: 1,024 byteMegabyte: 1,048,576 bytesGigabyte: 1,073,741,824 bytes Terabyte: 1,099,511,627,776 bytes Picture
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Operating System
loads automatically and controls just about everything on your computer. Example: Microsoft Windows.
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Output Devices
devices used to put out data processed by the computer; monitor, printer, and speaker are output devices
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Processor
The main body or brain of a computer, also called the system unit. Consists of a plastic or metal enclosure, the motherboard (main circuit board), and (typically) internal hard disk/drives, power supply, cooling fans, and whatever circuit boards plugged into the motherboard, such as a video/graphics card and USB ports.
Inside is the CPU which is housed on a tiny silicon chip that contains millions of switches and pathways that help your computer interpret and execute instructions. This is where the mathematical calculations and logical comparisons are done. Also in the processor is the Hard drive. The hard drive is what stores all your data. It houses the hard disk, where all your files and folders are physically located. A typical hard drive is only slightly larger than your hand, yet can hold over 100 GB of data. The data is stored on a stack of disks that are mounted inside a solid encasement.
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Software
the programs or other "instructions" that a computer needs to perform specific tasks. Examples of software include Microsoft Office, web browsers, or any other program/application installed on the computer
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Storage devices
a hardware device used to record and store data, such as a hard drive, flash drive, floppy disk, CD ROM, memory card