Chapter 1

Introduction to Physics

(You can neither stop nor save the time but can make every moment historical if you know the value of time!)

Physics Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

 Definitions 1. Physics: - It is the branch of science that deals with the study of atter and ener!y and their utual interactions between the . "# $The scientific study of nature of the nature is called Physics% 2. Energy: & The ability'capacity to do wor( is called ener!y. 3. Work: - )or( is said to be done on a body when* by applyin! force it attains so e displace ent. 4. Force: - It is the a!ency that chan!es or tries to chan!e the state of rest or otion of the body. 5. Mechanics: - Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the bodies in rest or otion under forces. 6. Fundamenta !uantity: - The +uantity* which cannot be resol,ed into ore funda ental +uantities and other +uantities are deri,ed fro it. ". #eri$ed !uantity: - Quantities* which are* e-pressed as so e co bination of funda ental +uantities. %. Pro&ortiona !uantities: - Such these +uantities are dependent on each other. the

Physics Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

chan!e in one +uantity causes the chan!e in another +uantity. '. #irect y &ro&ortiona !uantities: - The +uantities in which increase in the a ount of one +uantity results in the increase of other +uantity and the decrease in one +uantity affects the reduction in another +uantity. 1(. )n$erse y &ro&ortiona !uantities: - In such a case the increase in the a ount of one +uantity leads to the decrease of the other +uantity and ,ice ,ersa. 11. *onstant o+ &ro&ortiona ity: - )hen proportionality si!n is re o,ed* the $/%si!n is applied only after puttin! a constant that is deter ined e-peri entally and is called constant of proportionality. 12. ,ystem o+ units: - A set of funda ental and deri,ed units is called a syste of units . 13. Mean so ar day: - A ean solar day is the ti e inter,al between two successi,e o,erhead appearances of the sun. 14. ,econd: -Iit is the duration in which Cesiu CS011 ato co pletes 2023410556 transitions between two hyperfine le,els. 15. -m&ere: - "ne a pere is the a ount of current* witch if aintained in two strai!ht conductors of infinite len!th and ne!li!ible area Physics Def. & MCQs Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

of cross section and placed one eter apart in space would e-ert a force of 3706&8 on each other. 16. Meter: & It is the path'distance co,ered by li!ht or the object o,in! with the speed of li!ht in 0'c seconds 9c/ 17068:. 1". .i ogram: - "ne (ilo!ra is the ass of the platiniu &irradiu cylinder at 6 C (ept at ;IPM near Paris. 1%. Mo e: - The !ra ato ic ass* !ra olecular ass or !ra for ula ass of any substance* which contains 4.6370631 particles 1'. .e $in: - It is 0'351. 04 of the ther odyna ic te perature of the triple point of water. 9Triple point is the te perature where all the three states of water co&e-ist:.

Physics Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

 Multiple Choice Questions 0. Physics is the study of< a: nature b: atter c: ener!y d: A.".T 3. The in,ention of icroscope* laser and ultrasound technolo!ies are the blessin!s of< a: ;iolo!y b: Physics c: Che istry d: A.".T 1. In the field of science* the stron! incenti,e co es fro no other boo( and no other philosopher as it co es fro the =oly Quran. a: True b: >alse ?. @itabul anaAir* laws of reflection and the in,ention of the pin hole ca era were the achie,e ents of< a: Al& ;eruni b: Al& #aAi c: Ibne Sina d: Ibnal =aith B. "bser,ation is always the first step of the scientific ethod. a: True b: >alse 4. The una,oidable errors due to the e-ternal chan!in! conditions of te perature* hu idity and ,olta!e are called. a: personal error b: syste ic error c: rando error d: A.".T

Physics Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

5. Dr. Abdul Qadeer @han was awarded noble priAe a: true b: false 8. Dr. Abdus Sala theory. a: true proposed !rand unification b: false

2. Dr. Abdul Qadeer @han blessed Pa(istan with nuclear technolo!y 9ato bo b: a: true b: false

Questions 06 &0B
Select fro the ter s below< A: Mechanics ;: Astrophysics C: Clectro a!netis D: Plas a Physics C: Solid State Physics >: Duclear Physics E: D.".T 06. The study of electrical char!es 00. The study of en!ines and otion of objects with or without considerin! force actin! on the 03. The study of li!ht 01. The study of hea,enly bodies9sun* oon* stars:

0?. Ato is the buildin! bloc( of atter. It consists of nucleus and shells. The state ent co es fro 0B. The nucleus of carbon has si- protons and sineutrons. The state ent co es fro < Physics Def. & MCQs Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

Answer ey 0 ? 5 06 01 D D ! " ! 3 B 8 00 0? ! A A A " 1 4 2 03 0B A C A " #

Physics Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur