Native Plants

Hernandia labyrinthica

Bikkia tetrandra

of the

Cycas micronesica for wildlife and ornamental use

Mariana Islands Calophyllum inophyllum

Ficus obliqua Eugenia palumbis

Protect our Sea, Plant a Tree

Native plants of the Northern Mariana Islands for Wildlife and Ornamental Use
Prepared by Lainie Zarones
in partnership with the Laolao Bay Pride Campaign

2014
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 Most ornamental trees in parks, gardens, Most ornamental trees in parks, gardens, roadsides are not roadsides are not from the Mariana Islands from the Mariana Islands Using local species is benecial for Mariana Using local species is beneficial for Mariana Islands wildlife Islands wildlife Endemic: only found in the Mariana Islands Endemic: na#ve only to the Mariana Islands Indigenous: native to the Mariana Islands, but also found in other regions. Indigenous : na#ve to the Mariana Islands and elsewhere

Aglaia mariannensis

Aglaia mariannensis
Local name Mapunyao English name CNMI status N/A Endemic

Requirements Needs shade. Grows in limestone or volcanic soils Size Small to medium tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Transplant seedlings found under mature tree. Hard to germinate from seed Ornamental, fence stakes, firewood Fruit eaten by wildlife

Aidia Cochinchinensis

Aidia Cochinchinensis
Local name English name CNMI status Sumak N/A Indigenous

Requirements Full sun. Colonizer of disturbed areas. Limestone soil Size Propagation Uses Wildlife use Shrub to small tree Seeds, cuttings. Fast-growing Ornamental, Medicinal, fragrance, construction Fruit eaten by birds; attracts butterflies

Bikkia Tetrandra

Bikkia Tetrandra
Local name English name CNMI status Gausali Torchwood Endemic

Requirements Coastal. Grows directly out of limestone rock Size Shrub Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds Ornamental, stems used as candles Flowers attract insects

Calophyllum Inophyllum

Calophyllum Inophyllum
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Daok Mastwood Indigenous Variety of soils

Size Large tree Propagation Uses Wildlife benefit Seeds Shade tree, windbreak, construction, medicine Used by wildlife for shelter

Cerbera Dilatata

Cerbera Dilatata
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Wildlife use Chiute N/A Endemic Clay soil, limestone Medium to large tree Seeds, cuttings Flowers attract insects

Uses Ornamental, fragrance

Cordia Subcordata

Cordia Subcordata
Local name English name CNMI status Niyoron N/A Indigenous

Requirements Near coast, limestone. Grows in disturbed areas Size Shrub/small tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds, cuttings Ornamental use, woodcarving Attracts butterflies

Cycas Micronesica

Cycas Micronesica
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Propagation Wildlife use Fadang Cycad Indigenous Clay/limestone soil Seeds, cuttings Fruit eaten by bats

Size Shrub/small tree Uses Ornamental

Cynometra Ramiflora

Cynometra Ramiflora
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Wildlife use Gulos N/A Indigenous Limestone soils Small to medium tree Seeds (only produces in some years) Nest sites

Uses Ornamental

Discocalyx Megacarpa

Discocalyx Megacarpa
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Otot N/A Endemic Shady areas on limestone, along stream on clay soil

Size Shrub Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds Ornamental, edible fruit Fruit eaten by wildlife

Elaeocarpus Joga

Elaeocarpus Joga
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Joga N/A Endemic Limestone soils. Guam and Rota only

Size Large tree Propagation Wildlife use Seeds (need to be digested by birds) Fruit eaten by birds and bats Uses Ornamental

Erythrina variegata var. Orientalis

Erythrina variegata var. Orientalis

Local name English name CNMI status Gaogao Coral tree, tigerclaw Endemic

Requirements Limestone Size Large tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds, cuttings. Fast-growing Ornamental, shade tree, firewood, medicine Nectar eaten by birds and bats

Eugenia Palumbis

Eugenia Palumbis
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Agatelang N/A Endemic Limestone, shaded areas

Size Shrub Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds Ornamental, hedges, edible fruit Fruit eaten by birds

Ficus Tinctoria

Ficus Tinctoria
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Hoda Dyers Fig Endemic Limestone, shoreline

Size Medium tree Propagation Wildlife use Seeds Fruit eaten by birds Uses Medicinal

Guamia Mariannae

Guamia Mariannae
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Paipai N/A Endemic Limestone soils. Shades areas

Size Small tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds Ornamental, shade tree Fruit eaten by birds and bats

Hernandia Labyrinthica

Hernandia Labyrinthica
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Oschal N/A Indigenous High elevations

Size Large tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seed, cuttings Ornamental, shade tree Nesting sites, food for Rota White-eye

Hernandia Sonora

Hernandia Sonora
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Nonak Lantern tree Indigenous Coastal areas

Size Large tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seed, cuttings Ornamental, shade tree Used by birds for nesting

Hibiscus Tiliaceus

Hibiscus Tiliaceus
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Pago Beach hibiscus Indigenous Tolerates a wide range of conditions Small to medium tree Seed, cuttings

Uses Ornamental, shade tree, rope, medicine, furniture, canoes Wildlife use Attracts butterflies

Intsia Bijuga

Intsia Bijuga
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Uses Wildlife use Ifit N/A Indigenous Suited to most sites Medium to large tree Seeds Ornamental, shade tree, wood carving, construction Used by birds for nesting

Melanolepis Multiglandulosa var. Glabrata

Melanolepis Multiglandulosa var. Glabrata

Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Wildlife use Alum N/A Endemic Limestone, volcanic soils, pioneer in disturbed areas Small to medium tree Seeds, cuttings Fruit eaten by birds

Uses Ornamental, medicinal

Melochia Villosissima var. Compacta

Melochia Villosissima var. Compacta

Local name English name CNMI status Sayafe N/A Indigenous

Requirements Limestone, open areas, forest edges Size Propagation Wildlife use Shrub to small tree Seeds, cuttings Attracts butterflies

Uses Ornamental

Morinda Citrifolia

Morinda Citrifolia
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Lada Indian mulberry Indigenous Variety of soils. Colonizer of disturbed areas. Very hardy

Size Shrub/small tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds, cuttings Medicinal, ornamental, dyes Fruit eaten by wildlife

Ochrosia Mariannensis

Ochrosia Mariannensis
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Langiti Lipstick tree Endemic Limestone, exposed areas Small to medium tree Seeds/cuttings

Uses Ornamental, medicinal, fragrance, firewood, dyes Wildlife use Seeds eaten by wildlife

Piper Guahamense

Piper Guahamense
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Propagation Wildlife use Pupulu-n-aniti Wild pepper Endemic Wet areas/streams, limestone Seeds/root stock N/A

Size Shrub Uses Medicinal

Pipturus Argenteus

Pipturus Argenteus
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Amahadyan Silvery pipturus Indigenous Coast/open areas/forest edge, limestone. Colonizer of disturbed areas

Size Small tree Propagation Wildlife use Seeds/cutting Butterfly attractant, fruit eaten by birds Uses Dyes, cloths

Pisonia Grandis

Pisonia Grandis
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Size Propagation Uses Wildlife use Umumu N/A Endemic Limestone, sand Medium to large tree Seeds, cutting Canoe parts, fences Trees used for nesting by seabirds

Premna Obtusifolia

Premna Obtusifolia
Local name English name CNMI status Ahgoa False elder Indigenous

Requirements Beach/forest edge/colonizer of disturbed areas. Limestone Size Small/medium tree Propagation Seeds/cuttings. Fast-growing Uses Construction, medicinal, fence posts Wildlife use Fruit eaten by birds and bats

Psychotria Mariana

Psychotria Mariana
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Aploghating N/A Endemic Edge or interior species

Size Small tree Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds/cuttings Ornamental, shade tree Fruit eaten by wildlife

Scaevola Sericea

Scaevola Sericea
Local name English name CNMI status Nanaso Half-flower Indigenous

Requirements Limestone Size Shrub Propagation Uses Wildlife use Seeds, cuttings, transplanted seedlings Hedge plant, medicinal, construction Fruit eaten by birds

Terminalia Catappa

Terminalia Catappa
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Propagation Talisai Pacific almond Indigenous Shady limestone soils Seeds/cuttings

Size Medium tree Uses Shade tree, ornamental, medicine, edible seeds Wildlife use Seeds eaten by birds

Thespesia Populnea

Thespesia Populnea
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Propagation Banalo Rosewood Indigenous Coastal areas, wetlands Seeds/cuttings

Size Medium tree Uses Fenceposts, dyes, shade tree, windbreak, ornamental Wildlife use Used by wildlife for shelter

Tournefortia Argentea

Tournefortia Argentea
Local name English name CNMI status Requirements Propagation Uses Wildlife use Hunik Velvet leaf Indigenous Coastal areas Seeds Shade tree, ornamental Butterfly attractant

Size Medium tree

Top 5 recommended plants f or w ildlife Top 15 1 recommended plants for wildlife

Scientific name Aglaia mariannensis Aidia cochinchiniensis Calophyllum inophyllum Cerbera dilatata Cordia subcordata Eugenia palumbus Guamia mariannae Intsia bijuga Melanolepis mul#glandulosa Piper guahamense Pipturus argenteus Premna obtusifolia Pouteria obovata Psychotria mariana Terminalia catappa Local name Mapunyao Sumak Da'ok Chiute Niyoron Agatelang Paipai It Alum pupula-n-ani# P Amahadyan Ahgao Lahala Aplogha#ng Talisai English name N/A
N/A Mastwood N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Wild Pepper

Size Small to medium tree Shrub to small tree Large tree Medium to large tree Shrub to small tree Shrub Small tree Medium to large tree Small to medium tree Shrub Small tree Small to medium tree Small to medium tree Small tree Medium tree

Silvery pipturus False elder

N/A N/A

Pacic almond

Plants suitable for disturbed areas

Aidia conchinchinesis Sumak Cordia subcordata Niyoron Melanolepis multiglandulosa var. glabrata Alum

Morinda citrifolia Lada Pipturus Amahadyan Premna obtusifolia Ahgoa

A natural forest

High diversity Multiple layers Structure and composition depends on variety of factors including soil, slope, elevation,aspect, water

Plant selection
Not all plants grow everywhere. Plants will grow best if the right species is chosen for the site. Look at the species descriptions to find out what each species needs What is the soil type? What direction does the site face? Is it open or shady? Is it near the coast? Is it at high elevation? Find a species that grows in similar conditions in the wild

Sourcing native plants

Native plants can be grown from cuttings or seeds, or seedlings can be transplanted from the wild See species descriptions for best method of propagation Consider how big the plant will grow. Is there room for a large tree or do you need a smaller tree or a shrub?

Thanks to contributors:
Lainie Zarones Haldre Rogers Laura Bussolini Mike Hitchcock Julia Boland Ann-Marie Gawel Jihan Buniag Avra Heller Lynn Raulerson and Agnes Rinehart 1991 Tree and shrubs of the Northern Mariana islands Scott Vogt and Laura Williams 2004 Common Flora and Fauna of the Mariana Islands

Laolao Bay

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Laolao Bay Pride Campaign

Pro
nt Pla tect Our Sea,

A Campaign Dedicated to Environmental Stewardship, Community Engagement, and Conservation

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Plant Natives
Visit our website at www.deq.gov.mp for more information. Laolao Bay Pride Campaign