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OBJECTIVE
To control construction of buildings in area that may affect the safety or efficiency in aircraft operation as per guidelines of International Civil Aviation Organization The objective is to ensure obstacle free airspace around aerodrome to permit safe aircraft operations and to prevent aerodromes from becoming unusable by the unrestricted growth of obstacles A series of obstacle limitation surfaces are defined which help in assessing the limits to which objects may project into the airspace
OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES ( OLS ) Surfaces in the airspace above and adjacent to the aerodrome. Extend beyond the boundary of the airport and therefore require protection by the enactment of Zoning Regulations for aircraft operation. Provided by Instruments which regulates the erection of structures . Applies to all the lands, including public road / structures adjacent to or in the vicinity of an airport.
Requirement of OLS
These obstacle limitation surfaces are necessary to enable aircraft to maintain a satisfactory level of safety while maneuvering at low altitude in the vicinity of the aerodrome specially in case of an emergency landing.
Methods of control
Enactment of height zoning protection by the local government authority Establishing an effective obstacle removal procedures.
Annexure 1. The land enclosed in approach funnels of the runway with a maximum distance of 300 meters , measured from each runway end along extended centre line of the runway,60 meters on either side of it. The land comprising within the runway strip of uniform width of 150 meters on either side of the centre line which extend to 60 meters beyond each extremity of the runway end along extended center line of the runway.
AGA SURFACES
Transitional surface Departure / Approach surface
Code No.
Length (Metre)
<800
75
60
30
30
75
60
40
60
150
60
75
60
150
60
75
60
150M
Basic Strip
RUNWAY
60M
60M 150M
Basic Strip
Objects which penetrate the approach surface are critical since they represent an erosion of the clearance between the final approach path, usually 3 degrees, and fixed or mobile obstacles on the ground. On an approach where the approach surface is significantly obstructed, the safe operation of aircraft requires raising the aerodrome approach meteorological minima thereby reducing the usability of the airport. If the object penetrates into the approach surface, the threshold is displaced, thereby reducing the available landing distance considerably putting restrictions in aircraft operation. This can have an adverse effect on the regularity of aircraft operations and could impose payload penalties on landing / take off of the aircraft.
APPROACH SURFACE
The approach area shall be established from the smaller ends of the runway strip for each runway direction intended to be used for the landing of the aeroplanes. In relation to an instrument runway , means the area in the shape of an isosceles trapezium having the longer parallel side 4800 meters long and smaller side 300 meters long where the smaller and longer parallel sides are placed at a distance of 50 meters and 15060 meters respectively from the end of the runway end at right angles to the extended center line. Has a divergence of 15% on either side Has a slope of 2% upto 3000M and 2.5% for next 3600M- having a flat section thereafter.
-------------------8400
3000 2%
3000
2%
3600
2.5%
8400
Transitional surface
Means a specified surface sloping upwards and outwards from the side of the strip, and the approach surface to the inner horizontal surface or to a specified height. Infringement of them by an obstacle results in the reduction in the clearance available whilst carrying out an approach to land or during a missed approach procedure.
Transitional Surface
MAX PE 45M
1:7
315M
Transitional Surface App/Transitional Surface
Approach Surface
Transitional Surface
315M
App/Transitional Surface
2250M
ZONING MAP
Approach Surface
1:50 1:7
2250M
3
4
4000
4000
45
45
4000
4000
45
45
4000M
Conical surface
Means a specified surface sloping upwards and outwards from the periphery of the inner horizontal surface. It establishes the vertical limits above which it may be necessary to restrict the creation of new obstacles, or remove existing obstacles, to ensure the safety of aircraft maneuvering by visual reference in the aerodrome circuit prior to landing.
DIMENSIONS AND PERMISSIBLE HEIGHTS OF CONICAL SURFACE RUNWAY Code No. Length INSTRUMENT RUNWAY Horizontal distance of Conical Surface beyond I.H.S (Met) <800 800 < 1200 1200 < 1800 1800 & abv 1200 1200 2000 2000 NON-INSTRUMENT RUNWAY Maximum height above I.H.S (Metres)
Maximum height Horizontal above I.H.S distance of (Metres) Conical Surface beyond I.H.S (Met) 60 60 100 100 700 700 1500 2000
1 2 3 4
35 35 75 100
OHS shall extend from the edge of Conical Surface to 15000m from the ARP
Height of OHS - 300 M Above Aerodrome elevation Slope 5% slope of Conical surface continues. Slope from Approach Surface edge is 1:7 from 150M to 300M( Extends upto 1050M from Approach edge)
APPROACH SURFACES:
-
OHS
Aerodrome Elevation
Approach Surface
PLAN VIEW 4000 M
Approach Surface
2250 M 150 M
1:7
PROFILE VIEW
45M
Approach Surface
Conical Surface
300M
C/L
45M
Ground Level
150M 315M 4000M
45M
145M
2000M