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INSULATORS

Submitted by:
Gurpreet Uppal EEE 3rd year 1

WHAT IS INSULATOR?
An

insulator, also called a dielectric, is a material that resists the flow of electric charge The term also refers to insulating supports that attach electric power transmission wires to utility poles

PROPERTIES OF GOOD
INSULATOR
High

specific resistance High tensile strength High dielectric strength Should not be porous High mechanical stength Resistant to temperature
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TYPES OF INSULATORS IN OVERHEAD LINES


  

Pin type insulator. Suspension type insulator. Strain type insulator.

TYPES OF INSULATORS

PIN TYPE INSULATOR


A

pin insulator consists of a nonconducting material such as porcelain, glass, plastic, polymer, or wood that is formed into a shape that will isolate a wire from a physical support (or "pin") on a utility pole

PIN TYPE INSULATORS

SUSPENSION OR STRING
TYPE INSULATOR
It

consists of a no. of seprate insulator units connected with each other by metal links to form flexible string. The conductor is attached to lowest unit.

SUSPENSION TYPE
INSULATORS

ADVANTAGE OF STRING TYPE


In

the event of failure of an insulator, on unit , instead of the whole string, has to be replaced The mechanical stresses are reduced Installations is easy for increase in operating voltage

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STRAIN TYPE

These are mostly applied to support line strain (tension), such as at changes of transmission line direction

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EFFCT OF HIGH VOLTAGE ON


INSULATORS high voltage can lead to Punture or Flashover. In the case of punture the arc passes through the boby of insulator. Flashover is caused by an arc b/w the conductor nd earth through air surrounding insulator.
Extra

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DETERMINATION OF
INSULATOR EFFICENCY

String Efficiency is a measure of utilization of material in the string and is defined as, flashover voltage of string n* flashover voltage of one unit or voltage across the whole string n*(v/g across the unit adacent to line conducto)

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METHODS TO INCREASE STRINGEFFICIENCY:-

Types of method to Increase the String Efficiency.

(A)Use of long Cross arm.


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(B) Grading on Insulator.

(C) Use of Grading Ring.

METHODS IMPROVING V/G


DISTRIBUTION
Use

of long cross arm. Grading of units: It consist of different capacitances for appropirate v/gs. Static shielding:in this we use guard rings

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INSULATING MATERIALS
Porcelain,

which is widely used for all the abovementioned overhead line insulator types Glass, which may be used for and pin types. Its thermal stability is consistent up to 538 degrees C Composite synthetics, which may be a combination of fibreglass, plastic and resin
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THANK YOU

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