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X-ray irradiation induced bio luminescence: Ex vivo and endoscopic imaging of radiobioluminescence Wednesday, Apr 09, 2014, 8:00 AM -12:00 PM Hall A-E, Poster Section 4 29 Rao V. Papineni. Kansas University Medical Center (Adjunct), Branford, CT Accurate dose delivery to malignant tissue in radiotherapy is essential for enhancing the treatment efficacy while minimizing morbidity of surrounding normal tissues. Advances in therapeutic strategies and diagnosis technologies along with our understanding of the biology of tumor response to radiation therapy have paved way to allow nearly 60% of current cancer patients to be treated with Radiation Therapy. The confluence of molecular imaging and nanotechnology fields are bridging physics and medicine and are quickly making strides in opening new avenues and therapeutic strategies that complement radiation therapywith a distinct footprint in immunotherapy, adoptive cell therapy, and targeted chemotherapy. Incorporating optical imaging in radiation therapy in my laboratory, endogenous bioluminescence resulting from whole body irradiation in different organs, which is distinct from the cherenkov radiation, is described here. Mice were subjected to 5 - 10 Gy X-ray irradiation doses using commercially available X-RAD 320 irradiator

(1Gy/min; F2 beam hardening filter 1.5mm Al, 0.25mm Cu, 0.75mm Sn; Precision X-ray inc, USA). The endogenous bioluminescence in response to irradiation, described here as radiobioluminescence, was captured using cooled CCD camera from live subjects, and from the excised organs/tissues. Significant increase (up to 100 fold) in the amounts of photons released as bioluminescence was detected during 5 -10 min capture from the mice subjected to irradiation compared to that of the control. The GI tract contributed significant portion of this radiobioluminescence and was confirmed both by ex-vivo and minimally invasive rectal endoscopic imaging. Other organs and tissues displaying such robust increase in radiobioluminescence include skin, and fat depots. The role, evaluation, and future assessment of nutrients, nutriceuticals, microbiome, and metabolites during the course of radiation therapy become highlighted with these findings. Thus such molecular imaging methodologies and modalities described will be useful tools in radiation treatment design and process.