Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing Responsibility

Acts by selectively
ATROPINE SULFATE Preanesthesia Adjunct in symptomatic Hypersensitivity to Assessment & Drug Effects
blocking all muscarinic CNS: Headache, ataxia,
(a'troe-peen) Adult: IV/IM/SC treatment of GI belladonna alkaloids;
responses to dizziness, excitement,
0.2–1 mg 30–60 disorders (e.g., peptic synechiae; angle-
acetylcholine (ACh), irritability, convulsions, • Monitor vital signs. HR is a
min before ulcer, pylorospasm, GI closure glaucoma;
Atropair , Atropisol, whether excitatory or drowsiness, fatigue, sensitive indicator of
surgery hypermotility, irritable parotitis; obstructive
Isopto Atropine inhibitory. Selective weakness; mental patient's response to
Child: IV/IM/SC bowel syndrome) and uropathy, e.g., bladder
depression of CNS depression, confusion, atropine. Be alert to changes
<5 kg, 0.02 spastic disorders of neck obstruction
relieves rigidity and disorientation, in quality, rate, and rhythm
Classifications: mg/kg; >5 kg, biliary tract. Relaxes caused by prostatic
tremor of Parkinson's hallucinations. CV: of HR and respiration and to
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS 0.01–0.02 mg/kg upper GI tract and hypertrophy; intestinal
syndrome. Hypertension or changes in BP and
SYSTEM AGENT; 30–60 min before colon during hypotonic atony, paralytic ileus,
Antisecretory action hypotension, temperature.
ANTICHOLINERGIC surgery radiography. obstructive diseases of
(vagolytic effect) ventricular tachycardia,
(PARA- Arrhythmias
suppresses sweating,
Ophthalmic Use: To
palpitation, paradoxical
GI tract, severe • Initial paradoxical
SYMPATHOLYTIC); Adult: IV/IM 0.5–1 produce mydriasis and ulcerative colitis, toxic bradycardia following IV
lacrimation, salivation, bradycardia, AV
ANTIMUSCARINIC mg q1–2h prn cycloplegia before megacolon; tachycardia atropine usually lasts only 1–
and secretions from dissociation, atrial or
(max: 2 mg) refraction and for secondary to cardiac 2 min; it most likely occurs
nose, mouth, pharynx, ventricular fibrillation.
Child: IV/IM 0.01– treatment of anterior insufficiency or when IV is administered
and bronchi. Blocks GI: Dry mouth with
0.03 mg/kg for 1– uveitis and iritis. thyrotoxicosis; acute slowly (more than 1 min) or
vagal impulses to heart thirst, dysphagia, loss
2 doses Preoperative Use: To hemorrhage; when small doses (less than
with resulting decrease of taste; nausea,
Organophospha suppress salivation, myasthenia gravis. 0.5 mg) are used. Postural
in AV conduction time, vomiting, constipation,
te Antidote perspiration, and Safety during hypotension occurs when
increase in heart rate delayed gastric
Adult: IV/IM 1–2 respiratory tract pregnancy (category C) patient ambulates too soon
and cardiac output, and emptying, antral stasis,
mg q5–60min until secretions; to reduce or lactation is not after parenteral
shortened PR interval. paralytic ileus.
muscarinic signs incidence of established. administration.
Urogenital: Urinary
and symptoms laryngospasm, reflex
subside (may
hesitancy and • Note: Frequent and
bradycardia
retention, dysuria, continued use of eye
need up to 50 mg) arrhythmia, and
impotence. Skin: preparations, as well as
Child: IV/IM 0.05 hypotension during
Flushed, dry skin; overdosage, can have
mg/kg q10–30 min general anesthesia.
anhidrosis, rash, systemic effects. Some
until muscarinic Cardiac Uses: For sinus
urticaria, contact atropine deaths have
signs and bradycardia or asystole
dermatitis, allergic resulted from systemic
symptoms subside during CPR or that is
conjunctivitis, fixed- absorption following ocular
COPD induced by drugs or
drug eruption. Special administration in infants and
Adult: Inhalation toxic substances (e.g.,
Senses: Mydriasis, children.
0.025 mg/kg pilocarpine, beta-
blurred vision,
diluted with 3–5 adrenergic blockers,
photophobia, increased
mL saline, via organophosphate Monitor I&O, especially in
intraocular pressure,
nebulizer 3–4 pesticides, and older adults and patients who
cycloplegia, eye
times daily (max: Amanita mushroom have had surgery (drug may
dryness, local redness.
2.5 mg/d) poisoning); for contribute to urinary
Child: Inhalation management of retention). Palpate lower
0.03–0.05 mg/kg selected patients with abdomen for distention. Have
diluted with 3–5 symptomatic sinus patient void before giving
mL saline, via bradycardia and atropine.
nebulizer 3–4 associated hypotension
times daily and ventricular
Uveitis irritability; for diagnosis
Adult/Child: of sinus node
Ophthalmic 1–2 dysfunction and in
drops of solution evaluation of coronary
or small amount artery disease during
of ointment in eye atrial pacing
up to t.i.d.