1200mm

35 45 3 5

 1200mm

Design of large angle upward belt conveyors (B=1200mm)

Abstract
This design is the Large dip angle, moving the belt conveyor upward through a long
distance, this design analyzes the design and arranging style of idler roller by referencing and
contrast belt conveyor , the bearing roller of general belt conveyor uses generally 35or 45
3-roller in the groove, but this design adopts deep slot 5 roller type roller, which design
principle can be summarized as reducing the supporting length as much as possible,
enlarging side roller groove angle in order to improve the packing density of materials and
lengthening the length of side roller to increase the blessing length which idler roller exerts to
materials. The design purpose of deep slot belt roller is to improve the friction between
materials and conveyor by extruding materials, the method of improving friction is to shorten
the length of middle idler roller to the largest extent and enlarge the groove pin of side roller
simultaneously. The secondary conveyor has large conveying ability, which is higher than
tube-shaped belt conveyor, trough conveyor and U-shaped conveyor in the case of same
bandwidth.
Key Words belt conveyordeep groove rollersdesign analyzes

II

 1200mm

...................................................................... I
Abstract ................................................................. II
1 .................................................................... 1
2 .......................................................... 3
2.1 .................................................. 3
2.2 .................................................. 3
2.3 .............................................. 4
2.4 .............................................. 4
2.5 .............................................. 5
2.6 ........................................ 7
2.6.1 ............................................. 7
2.6.2 ..................................................... 7
2.7 ........................................... 8
2.7.1 ............................................... 8
2.7.2 ........................................... 9
2.7.3 ............................................... 9
2.8 ........................................... 9
2.8.1 ............................................... 9
2.8.2 ............................................... 9
2.8.3 .............................................. 10
3 ................................................... 11
3.1 ............................................ 11
3.2 ..................................................... 11
3.3 ........................................ 13
3.4 .................................................... 13
3.4.1 .................................................... 13
3.4.2 ................................................ 15
3.4.3 ................................................ 16
3.4.4 ................................................ 17
3.4.5 .................................................. 18
3.5 ...................................................... 18
3.6 ........................................................ 20
3.6.1 .............................................. 20
3.6.2 .......................................... 21
3.6.3 ................................................ 21
3.6.4 ................................................ 23
3.6.5 ................................................ 23
3.6.6 ................................................ 23
3.6.7 .............................................. 24
III

 1200mm

3.6.8 ................................................ 24
4 .................................................. 24
4.1 ........................................................... 24
4.1.1 ................................................ 24
4.1.2 ................................................ 25
4.2 ......................................................... 26
4.2.1 ........................................ 26
4.2.2 ................................................ 26
4.3 ............................................................. 26
4.3.1 ............................................ 26
4.4 ......................................................... 29
4.4.1 .............................................. 29
4.4.2 .............................................. 29
4.5 ......................................................... 29
4.6 .......................................................... 29
4.6.1 .............................................. 29
4.6.2 ........................................ 30
4.6.3 .............................................. 30
5 ......................................................... 31
5.1 ..................................................... 31
5.2 ......................................................... 33
5.2.1 ........................................ 33
5.2.2 ...................................... 33
5.2.3 ................................................ 34
5.3 ......................................................... 34
5.4 .......................................................... 34
5.5 ......................................................... 35
5.6 ............................................... 35
..................................................................... 36
.............................................................. 38
..................................................................... 39
..................................................................... 40
1 ....................................................... 40
....................................................... 51

IV

 1200mm

19

1880

1887

1905
1896

10000t/h

()

PLC
1

 1200mm

 1200mm

2
2.1

2
3()

2.2

2.1

TD

QD80

DX

2.1

 1200mm

2.3
1DT

DT75 DX

2QD80

QD80 TD

100m 22kw
3DX

4U

30 45 90 U
25
5

()

300mm

30
90
7

90 6m/s

2.4

( 30000t/h)(
)( 16)

 1200mm

()
( 5000
206km )

5 [21]

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

2.5

2-1
()

 1200mm

2.2
1

10

11

12

1 2 3
5

()
()

()
18 15

1 S1
S1

S1

2
3 0
6

 1200mm

2.6
2.6.1

2.1
2.1

18

12

20

15

17

23

0350mm

16

20

20

20

1/3 1/5

5500

2.6.2

 1200mm

2.3

2.3

2.7
2.7.1

 1200mm

2.7.2

2.7.3

2.8
2.8.1
1
2
3

2.8.2
(1

(2
a.
2mm
0.3/1000
b.
c.

 1200mm

3
a.

b.

2.8.3
1
2
3

10

 1200mm

3
3.1
B=1200mm

r 1.0t / m3
a=90mm
L1=90m

L2=700m

1 =11 2 =23
=45

3.1

3.2

Q 3.6Sk

3.2-1

S S1 S2

(3.2-2)

S
S1 l3 b - l3cos

tan
6

b - l3 cos b - l3 sin

S 2 l3
2

3.2-3)

Bm
B2m b=0.9B-0.05m
B2m b=B-0.25m
11

(3.2-4)

 1200mm

l 3 m

Vm/s
K
k 1

S1
1 k1
S

(3.2-5)

k 1 S 1
k 1
cos 2
k1
1 cos 2

(3.2-6)

B2mb=0.91.2m=1.03m
3.2-3
S1 l3 b l3cos

tan
6

0.25 1.03 0.25 0.707

2

0.668
6

0.071
3.2-4

b l3 cos

b l3
S 2 l3
sin

1.03 0.465

1.03 0.465

0.465
0.707
0.707
2
2

0.1327

3.2-2

S S1 S2

0.058 0.1327
0.1907

3.2-6
k1

cos 2
1 cos 2

cos232 cos252
1 cos252
0.3811

12

 1200mm

3.2-5
S1
(1 k1 )
S
0.058
1
(1 0.3811)
0.1907
0.81

k 1

3.2-1
Q 3.6Sv

3.6 0.1907 2 0.911000

1110t / h
1000t / h

3.3

B2 +200

3.3-1

mm
3.3.1
B (2 90 200)mm

380mm1200mm

90mm

3.4
3.4.1

FH flgq RO q RU 2q B qGcos

3.4-1

f
Lm
g g=9.81 m/s2
q RO Kg/m
q RO

G1
a0

G1 Kg.
13

3.4-2

 1200mm

a 0 m

q RU Kg/m

q RU

G2
au

3.4-3

G2 Kg

a u m

q B kg/m
q G Kg/m

qG

Iv Im
Q

v
v 3.6v

3.4-4

3..1
3.1 f

0.020.023

0.0250.030

0.0350.045

35

f=0.023

G1=22.14Kg

G2=19.28Kg

3.4-2
q RO

G1
a0

22.14
Kg
1.2
18.45Kg

3.4-3
q RU

14

G2
au

 1200mm

19.28

kg / m
3
6.43kg / m
q B 27.6kg / m

45
m 45.84m
cos11
500
L 2
543.18m
cos 23
L1

3.4-1
FH flgq RO q RU (2q B qG )cos

0.023 91.68 10 18.45 6.43 2 27.6 138.88 cos11

0.023 760.45 10 18.45 6.45 2 27.6 138.88 cos 23
40143.91N
3.4.2
Fs1

Fs1 F Fgl

3.4-5

F CU 0 q B qG gcos sin
U 2 I v gl
2
v 2 b1

3.4-6

Fgl

3.4-7

C 30 0.435 0.43,45 0.5

U 0 0.30.4
Lm m

lm
b1 m 311
U 2 0.50.7

15

 1200mm

90
27m
12
700
1.2 3
210m
12

L 1 1.2 3

L 2

3.4-6

F CU 0 L (q B qG )gcos sin
0.5 0.3 760.45 27.6 138.910 cos11
cos11 sin123 0.5 0.3 91.68 27.6
138.910 cos23 sin123
4997.5N

3.4-7
u 2 I v gl
2
v 2 b1
2

Fgl

0.6 0.27782 1000 10 10

22 0.732
2172.25N

3.4-5
FS1 F Fgl

4997.5+2172.25
7169.75 7170N
3.4.3
FS 2 Fa
FS 2 n 3 Fr Fa

3.4-8

Fr APU 3

3.4-9

Fa BK 2

3.4-10

n 3
A m 2
P 3 104 10 104
U 3 0.50.7
k 2 1500N/m
3.2
3.2
B
/mm

16

A/m

 1200mm

b1 /m

500

0.315

0.005

0.008

3.2
B
/mm

650
800
1000

b1 /m

0.400
0.495
0.610

A/m

0.007
0.008
0.01

0.01
0.012
0.015

A=0.012 P=7 104 N / m2 U 3 =0.5

3.4-9
Fr APU 3
0.012 7 104 0.6
504N

FA 0

3.4-8
Fs 2 n 3 Fr Fa
5 504
2520N

3.4.4

Fst q G gH

3.4-11

HmH
H
H=90 tan11+700*tan23
=314.627m
3.4-11
Fst q G gH
17

 1200mm

138.9 10 314.627
437016.9N

3.4.5
FU CFH Fs1 Fs2 Fst

3.4-12

C 80m
C

L L0
L

3.4-13

L0 70m 100m
C 1.02
3.4-13
L L0
L
790+70

790
1.09

3.4-12
FU CFH FS1 FS 2 Fst

1.09 40143.91+7170+2520+437016.9
490463.76N

3.5
PA
PA

FU V
1000

3.5-1

PA

(3.5-2)

1 2

(3.5-3)

PM

' ''

0.850.95

1
1 =0.98
1 =0.96

2 0.98

' 0.900.95
18

 1200mm

'' 0.900.95
3.5-2
PM

PA

' ''

980.9
0.88 0.96 0.98
1184.8kw

3.1 3.2

3.1

3.2

3 1
1184.8
Pm
3
395kw
Y4003-4 P=450kw

19

 1200mm

3.6

3.3

3.6.1

F2s1min FU max

e -1

FU max =k A FU
kA 1.5

FU max =1.5 490463.76

=735695.64N
=0.35
=1+2=200+200

e 1 = e 2 =3.4

e =e1 e2 =3.4 3.4 11.56

F2s1min 735695.64
20

1
=69668N
11.56-1

 1200mm

a 0

a u

3.6-1
a
0 q B q Gg
h
a ( ) adm
a
1.2 27.6 138.88 9.8

8 0.01
24472.56

Fmin

3.6-2
Fmin

a
0 q B q G
h

8 adm
a

3.6.2
a 0 q B +q G g
h
8( ) adm
a
1.2 (27.6 138.9) 10

8 0.01
24975 N
Fmin

au qB g
h
8( ) adm
a
3 27.6 10

8 0.01
10350 N
Fmin

3.6.3
S1=74593N

1:1

1:2

2:1

S1 S2

74593

111300

148509

74254

S3 S4 =1.03 S2

76830

114639

152964

76482

21

 1200mm

S5 S6 =1.03 S4

79136

118078

157553

78776

S7 S8 =1.04 S6

82301

122801

163855

81927

S9 1.03S8

84770

126485

168770

84385

S10 S9 +fLi g (qRu qB ) 1.5Fr

88187

127507

172188

87802

S11 S12 =1.02 S10

89951

130058

175631

89558

S13 1.04S12

93549

135260

182657

93140

2:1 S13=F min

24975

S14 S13 +fLi g (qR0 (qB qG )cos ) Fs1 Fst

614396

651103

688312

614057

S15 S16 =1.04 S14 +2Fr

639980

678155

716852

639627

S17 1.02S16

652779

691718

731189

652420

S18 S17 +fLi g (qRv qB ) 1.5FT

656275

695214

734685

655915

S19 S20 =1.03 S18

675963

716070

756725

675593

S21 S22 =1.03 S20

696242

737552

779427

695860

24975

1 1:1

FU 1 FU 2

Fu 534634

267317 N
2
2

S22-1 -S1 =FU 2 267317 N

S22-1 -S1 =FU 2

e 2 2
3.4
=267317
378699.1N
2 2
e
-1
3.4 1

S1 S22 FU 2 378699 267317 111300 N

F1 S22 S221 737552 378699 1116251N

F1 S22-1 S1 378699 111300 489999 N
2 1:2
F1 S22 S221 779427 504931 1284358N
22

 1200mm

F1 S221 S1 504931 148509 653440 N

3 1:2
F1 S22 S221 695860 252465 948325N
F1 S221 S1 252465 74254 326719 N
F1max=1286kN
F2max=653kN

3.6.4

FU
1 FU 2max=356kN
6-1
1000mm

M max FU
1 FU 2max

356

D
2

0.8
kN m
2

222.5kN m
120100.6 M max 66KN m Fmax 330KN ,
DTA120A608YZJ=262kg
3.6.5

Y4003-4

YNRQD-450

KPZ1600

ZSY560-50

3.6.6

F0 S6 S7 157553 163855 321408N 32140kg

23

 1200mm

120D30373C m=1616kg 120B507G

2309kg

G F0 GK =32140-(1616+2309)=28215kg
3.6.7
st5000

n1 9 GX

Fmax FU FS1 534634 148509 683143N

Fmax n1 683143 9

5123N / m
B
1200

3.6.8
3.6
mm

1200

mm

mm

mm

mm

1000

800

800

1000

mm

mm

630

500

4.1

4.1.1

24

 1200mm

4.1.2
100200

(1)

(2)

60%95%
4-1

4-1

(i-1)/i100% i
25

 1200mm

4.2
4.2.1

80 100

120 180

200 220

4.2.2

4.3
4.3.1

26

 1200mm

4-3

4-3

( 4-3)
DT

35 45

102030

4-4

27

 1200mm

4-5

a)

b)

5-6
( 3)
10V V

4-6

2.5
300600mm 25003000mm
28

 1200mm

100 200
8001000mm

4.4
4.4.1
4

4.4.2

ZSYNZ280-40

4.5

1809045
180 90 45

2503154005006308001000mm
180 90 45
12
2 500mm , 180 2
315mm 90 2 250mm 20

4.6
4.6.1

29

 1200mm

4.6.2
1

100m
1% ~ 1.5%
2

4.6.3

30

 1200mm

5
5.1

1 500

1400 0 ~ 18

190 ~ 210

5-1

a. 01 0 ~ 18
b02 0 ~ 18
c03 0 ~ 18
1800
31

 1200mm

d04
) 200 0
e0102 500 1400mm0304 800 1400mm
(2) CC-56 3 8 NN-100 300
EP-100 300 3 6 ST2000
(3) 500

1000mm

(4) 6000mm 3000 6000mm

I ()H ()

H
H

5-2

DT

32

 1200mm

5.2
5.2.1

2.53
2
5.2.2

8mm
16mm 450 600

33

 1200mm

1

2

5.2.3

3
3cm5cm
4

5 0.4m0.6m

5.3

5.4

34

 1200mm

5.5

(1) (3 )(1
)(2 )
25ms(1 )315ms(2 ) 16~5ms
2 4ms
(2) ( HP )

(3)

5.6

(1)
IEC439GB4720
GB3797
(2)
()
(3)

a
5 l 0

c l15~l25

d 60m

35

 1200mm

36

 1200mm

37

 1200mm

[1] 2004 4 1~3
[2] 1989
[3] 1982
[4] 1981
[5] .1991
[6] .1998 1 3031
[7] ..2000.4
[8] ....2001.2
[9] .DTII .
1994 10
[10] .. .1982
[11] ... .1988
[12] ...2000
[13] ...2000.5
[14] ...2002.1
[15] ..
.1982
[16] ...2002 1
[17] ....1999 [18]
[18] ,2003.
[19] ,.DTA[s].:,2003.
[20]

.[M]..1999

1 .
[21] ,,1991.
[22]

.[M]..2002 .

38

 1200mm

39

 1200mm

1
Two-dimensional dynamic characteristics of the conveyor belt Iraq base. Fort Vega Alex,
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
1.Summary
This article will introduce the finite element model of a new belt conveyor system. The
model has been developed can be used to simulate the belt at the start and stop the
longitudinal and transverse dynamic response. Engineers in the long-distance overland belt
conveyor system design stage of application of the model, for example, the design of
appropriate belt conveyor curve detection components prematurely lift the belt tensioner. This
also enables the tensioning wheel spacing and groove contour of the design optimization, to
ensure no movement resonance and to determine the vertical and horizontal belt vibration.
Application of feedback control technology to achieve the optimized design, start and stop the
program and thus calculate the dynamic characteristics of the belt can choose the best belt
2 Introduction
Netherlands has been considered as a transport and transit industries play an important
role in the economy of countries. In particular, is known as Europe's gateway to the Port of
Rotterdam, who claim to have the world's largest harbor system. In addition to the huge
number of containers, bulk goods through the port. Not the destination of all these items are in
the Dutch market, many of the transshipment point to links to other destinations in the port of
Rotterdam. There is a good example of typical transshipment of bulk cargo - coal and iron ore,
a large part of its destination in the German market. In order to deal with a lot of material in
different parts of a wide range of transport, the use of mechanical transport aircraft, including
belt conveyors.
The length of the longest belt conveyor system mounted on a relatively small country Netherlands, because they are mainly used for the movement of large amounts of raw
materials transport. Longest belt conveyor system, and its length is about 2 km long, which is
located in a part of the Port of Rotterdam - Maas Flach special, it is used from the wholesale
oil depot transport large amounts of coal to the power station. In addition to domestic projects,
more and more Dutch engineering consultancy involved in the development of large-scale
overland belt conveyor system to the international. Delft University of Technology is one of
the University of Science and Technology in the Netherlands, and School of Mechanical
Engineering, Department of transportation technology, is to study the typical difficulty
encountered in the process of developing these systems.
Conveyor belt and bulk solid material of interaction between the performance, belt
conveyor structure and external environment will affect the conveying system requirements to
40

 1200mm

the reservation of the appropriate standards. Some interaction caused some difficult
phenomenon, so he began to enter into the study of these phenomenon caused by the actual
problem [1]. The problem is one of the classification method, will the root causes obvious
involves the conveyor belt these problem into a class.
The smooth mobile transient stress reduction, belt and design belt conveyor, provides the
resonant caused no-load operation, is to describe the conveyor belt of the two most important
dynamic factors [2]. This paper presents a simulation program can start and stop when the belt
longitudinal and transverse response and stable operation of the movement when new belt
conveyor system finite element model. Simulation of belt conveyor system startup procedure,
it's beyond the scope of this article about the result of the discussion, so we'll show a
comparison of the feasibility of the model are examples.
3 The finite element model of the belt conveyor system
If used to drive belt conveyor system of total power, is with Germany industry standard
22101 to calculate the design, and then with hypothesis into a do not expand institution. This
means that in a start and stop on the take pressure when from the rigid body dynamics in the
theory of Newton derived. Take the largest extend can use with stress calculated. This through
the determination of elastic belt reaction method called standard static (design) method. For
the small belt conveyor system, and it makes a belt of the design and operation state qualified.
However, for the long distance belt conveyor system, it may become a defective design,
leading to the high cost of maintenance, shorten the life of the transport parts and well known
work problems, such as:
weight of the machine drawing displacement is too large
take of early split, the main causes of the ground joint damage
damage roller and cause the belt a tight round significant damage
make belt from the belt a tight round, which may lead to bulk raw material overflow
cause (hydraulic power) drive system for damage and failure
many researchers have developed models, the flexibility of the belt reaction is to
determine if this is used to calculate the problems caused by the phenomenon. In most models,
including the finite element model of the belt conveyor, and also for the used to calculate the
belt in resistance and the changes of pressure. The global reaction is elastic belt by all parts of
the elastic response. The finite element model has been used in computer software, it can be
used in long distance belt conveyor system design stage. This is called dynamic (design)
method. Simulation results show that, with the model based on the software program,
prediction (system) start and stop with the flexibility of the reaction is quite successful, such
as see [3] and [4].
The finite element model of the certain just the longitudinal elastic belt reaction.
Therefore, they can't accurately determine the:
41

 1200mm

roller and a tight round on the movement of the belt

driving condition
with resistance curve
(shake) the evolution of stress wave
with depression and stress wave of longitudinal spread interactions
belt and roller interactions
belt stable movement with the influence of speed
through the roller (driver) on the belt of the dynamic stress.
belt of the parameters of the resonance for ascension items or by roller when the
eccentricity of vibration and belt caused transverse displacement of the influence of the
relationship
The development of the transverse wave, the vertical
by a large bulk materials and cross section area of the belt deformation caused by the
influence of the resistance
from the roller with produce the convex. Concave curve
The belt of the transverse elastic reaction is often lead to long distance belt conveyor
system of the cause of the failure, and should be considered. Need to have [5] [6] mention in
the special model, to be sure of the transverse response with, but if considering the special
factors (horizontal) response, can more easily expand the existing finite element model.
3.1 belt
A typical belt conveyor structure including drive roller, the tail roller, a vertical upward
with the wheel, some roller and a chassis as shown in figure 1 below. This structure as an
example to explain the conveyor belt of the finite element model was developed with only the
longitudinal elastic response become main body.
Because driving drum and ascend with round of the length of the belt between Ls, belt
and the total length of L is compared negligible, want to consider to improve the system of
pulleys quality inertia, these pulleys could count rationally read to become a belt wheel. Due
to take from point to another point movement change with resistance, according to local
precise (maintenance) the condition and the structure of the belt conveyor, along with length
distribution. In order to be able to determine the distribution of stress with movement of the
influence, the belt is divided into a number of different finite element, bring the stress
distribution to be specific to the corresponding element. If care about is the longitudinal
elastic belt reaction, with round by the movement of driving without power (the slip of a
possible), take will these places has no effect. The design of the last step, this model can be
made by two shares with driver characteristics and the power of the tension characteristics of
driving system and replace belt tension system.
42

 1200mm

Specifically, what resistance and finite element depends on the belt and the support
structure of interaction between the effects, considering these problems may and
mathematical description of the basic characteristics have belt material relationship.
According to the explanation, the elements can be made by a representative of the system, as
shown in figure 1 [9] shows is that spring and damping, such systems are a finite element and
node C and C + 1. Spring K and damping H representing take stretch viscoelastic shape, on
behalf of the belt variable G longitudinal structure stiffness, is by the role in two pulleys
crisscross cross section of the vertical force generated, V belt speed depends on the
representative resistance.

Figure 1: five limit yuan integrated model

3.1.1 Nonlinear bridge (architecture) yuan

xT = [up vp uq vq]
(1)
The bridge of the yuan to planar movement has three separate rigid motion, so (this
formula) is still describe a deformation of parameters.

Figure 2: beams yuan precise displacemen

DSO is not the length of the limit yuan deformation, the DS is limited yuan the length of
the deformation, then did factor is along the axis of the finite element dimensionless length.

Figure 3: a static with depression

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Although with a curving condition, but bridge yuan and no deformation, this may consider to
take small numerical sag effect of static. With the ratio of static depression is a defined (see
figure 3

K1 = /1 = q1/8T

(3)

Among them is exposed q and bulk materials with the weight in the vertical direction on
the distribution load, 1 is a wheel spacing, and T is the tension with. , the longitudinal
deformation with sag depends on [7] :
s = 8/3 Ks
(4)
Produce bridge wearing yuan total longitudinal deformation nonlinear.
3.1.2 Beams yuan

Figure 4: node displacement and rotating the exact the bridge of the yuan.

If take lateral displacement is the major factor, so it can be used to simulate the bridge
wearing yuan belt. The same with six displacement parameters for the bridge of the yuan
plane sport, equivalent to three separate rigid motion. So that left three deformation
parameters is: longitudinal distortion parameters 1, two bending deformation parameters 2
and 3.

Graph 5: the bridge wearing yuan of bending distortion

The parameters of the bending deformation bridge wearing yuan can be defined as the
carrier of bridge wearing yuan (see chart 4) :
xT = [up vp p uq vq q]
(5)
When bypass roller or take wheel of time, take sport is restrained. In order to explain
(clear) these factors, influence factors (borders) conditions must be added to the finite element
simulation used to generation with. This can be through the use of multi-body dynamics are
described herein. The machine for the dynamics of classical description, set up by some
constraint conditions of connected rigid body or rigid links. In the (deformation) of the
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conveyor belt finite element description, take was separated into several finite element, the
finite element is the connection between the distortion. By finite element is the conjunction
node, so the displacement distribution parameters. To determine the movement of the belt,
eliminate the rigid model of the deformation model. If a belt around the roller, and decided on
the position of the roller with (such as see figure 6) with length is , has been added to the
vector components, such as: type (6), resulting in a seven displacement vector parameter.

Figure 6: the roller with support

Bridge yuan have two separate rigid motion, so still has five deformation parameters
exist. One has been given in 3.1 in the 1, 2 and 3, determined the belt deformation. Rest
4 and 5, determine the belt and the interaction between roller, see figure 7

Figure 7: two constraint conditions the bridge of the yuan finite element.

If the simulation is 4 > 0, so take will from roller, and describe the finite element
method with the constraint conditions on will be removed.
3.3 Rolling resistance
In order to make a model can be applied to belt conveyor rolling resistance of the finite
element model, has made a calculation of rolling resistance approximation formula, [8]. Take
sport, with the total exposure to the outside part of the rolling resistance, the three part is the
main part of the energy consumption, can be divided into including: creasing rolling
resistance, roller inertia (accelerate rolling resistance) and bearings rolling resistance (bearing
resistance). Determine the parameters of the rolling resistance factors including diameter and
roller materials, and various take parameters, such as speed, width, materials, tension, the
environment temperature, with horizontal load, roller spacing and groove Angle. Total rolling
resistance of factors, can says Adrian rodriguez huber-fernando, rolling resistance and take
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the proportion between the vertical load, defined as:

ft = fi + fa + fb
(8)
Fi is creasing the rolling resistance coefficient, FA is accelerated resistance coefficient,
and FB is bearing resistance coefficient. These components by the coefficient of [9] sure:
FZ with vertical direction is on the distribution of bulk cargo load and load combined,
and H is covered with thickness, D is the diameter of the roller, Vb is belt speed, with the
name of KN is of the load than, T is the environment temperature, Mred roller is conversion
of quality, B is the width of the belt, U is take of longitudinal displacement, MF is overall
bearing resistance moment and RI is bearing internal radius. In the calculation of rolling
resistance, the dynamic properties of belt and the mechanical properties of the material
covered and belt plays an important role. This makes the choice and take cover with materials
and try to minimize the power resistance by the energy consumption of the cause.
3.4 Belt drive system
In the stability of movement with circumstances, in order to can determine belt conveyor
drive system of the influence of the rotating components, the belt conveyor is the total model
must contain drive system model. The rotation of the drive system components, like a gearbox,
refer to the stated in section 3.2 of the constraint conditions. With a slow down the than
reducer, can use with two parameters of the deceleration element to displacement instead, mu
p and q, like a rigid bodies (spin) movement, so that left a shape parameters:
red = Dred(x) = ip + q = 0
(9)
To determine the type torque inductive motor, whether to get used to the so-called two
shaft type motor. This phase voltage vector v from (11) get:
v = Ri + sGi + L i/t

(10)

In the (11) type I is obtained in vector, R is the model in resistance, c is the model in the
inductance, L is the model is feeling coefficient and s motor rotor is discussed.
Electromagnetic torque equal to:
Tc = iTGi

(11)

Motor model and drive system mechanical components by driving system is the motion
equation linked to:
Among them T is the torque vector, I was the inertia of the model, C is model damping,
K and stiffness matrix is the motor of the axis of the angular velocity.
Simulation start or stop program control feedback program can be added to the belt drive
system model, is used to control the drive torque.
3.5 Motion equation
The whole belt conveyor motion equation of the model can be concluded that the
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principle of potential power, [7] :

fk - Mkl x1 / t = 1Dik

(12)

Among them is F resistance vector, M is the quality of the model and is Lagrange
multiplier vector, may explain for double pressure to vector vector tension. In order to solve
a set of equations with X this, equation is necessary to integration. But the result of
integration, must ensure that meet the constraints. If (8) type strain is zero, so must correct
integration results, such as see [7]. Can use the model of feedback options, such as limit
ascension substances on the direction of vertical movement. The problem with the dynamics
of violations can be below formula said. In view of the model and its drive system with the
ascension movement as is known to all, according to the proportion of freedom and its system
(speed) can decide the other components of the movement. It is beyond the discussion in this
paper about this all the details of the range.
3.6 examples
For in the long distance belt conveyor system design stage can correctly design, the
application of the finite element method. For example with the choice of intensity, can reduce
the to reduce as far as possible, use the results of the simulation model to determine the
largest conveyor belt tension. With the function of the finite element model as an example,
should consider the two roller position range between the transverse vibration with stable
movement. In the design phase of the transport aircraft that must be sure, just to make sure of
the time to take resonance.
For the design of the belt conveyor for roller and mobile with interaction between
influence is very important. Roller and pulleys geometric not perfect sex, lead to take from
roller and belt wheel can support position, with and support with round in between produce a
kind of transverse vibration. To put this with part of the interactive axial stress. If the
component is the prestressed small than belt, then bring in it will be the natural frequency of
the vibrations in, or take will be forced to vibration. The belt is forced vibration, such as the
agent of roll eccentricity influence. In the conveyor belt in return, the vibration special worthy
of note. Because of forced vibration frequency depends on the wheel and roller with the
angular velocity, so to bring speed, determine the pulleys and roller between, with natural
frequency conditions, the effect of transverse vibration belt speed, this is very important. If
forced vibration frequency close to belt the natural frequency of the transverse vibration, will
happen resonance phenomenon.
The simulation results of the finite element model can be used to determine the stability
of the move with transverse vibration frequency range. The frequency is fast Fourier
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technology using from the time domain range to frequency domain range, with horizontal
displacement transformation later got results. In addition to using the finite element model can
be applied to the approximate analysis method.
The belt can be modeled as a prestressed concrete beam. If the belt bending rigidity can
be ignored, transverse displacement than roller spacing is small, Ks < < 1, and bring the
length of the increase relative to the original length transverse displacement it is insignificant,
take of transverse vibration for the following can be approximately linear differential equation,
such as figure 15:
Among them is the horizontal displacement V belt and transverse wave wave C2 is speed,
from (16) type definition:
First, figure 5 with horizontal natural frequency range from formula (16) get, if the
assumption that v (O, t) = v (l, t) = 0:
dimensionless ratio, from (18) type sure:
= Vb / c2

(18)

FB is different with the independent frequency range, due to the conveyor belt length
direction with tension changes. Roller of forced vibration frequency, make roller produced a
eccentricity equal to:
fi = Vb / D

(19)

Among them is D the diameter of the roller. In order to design a roller spacing in no
support of resonance, this is the following condition restrictions:
By linear differential equation (16) achievements of but is only applicable to the value of
the small ratio. For large ratio for the numerical , such as high speed conveyor or low belt
tension, in (16) type of all is the important nonlinear conditions. Therefore, the use of
numerical simulation, the finite element model of development, are in order to determine the
transverse vibration with linear and nonlinear frequency the proportion between the range.
These relations has been identified for different values of the , for example say a function of
depression rates Ks.
Use fast Fourier technology will be the transformation of transverse displacement results
for spectrum. From these in the spectrum of the frequency and the formula for (18) the
frequency of the gain compared, it produces the figure 8 shows curve. From the digital
therefore, of less than 0.3 speaking, the calculation error is very small. For large numerical
for, use linear approximation method produce calculation error above 10%. Using belt by
using nonlinear finite element model of the bridge wearing yuan, so can accurately determine
48

 1200mm

the high numerical transverse vibration.

For small numerical vibrations of frequency can also use the equation (18) accurately
predict. However, it can't analysis, for example with depression and the longitudinal wave
propagation of interaction between the, or can be regarded as the same of the finite element
model of the belt from the roller.
It decided to take the stress and the relationship between the transverse vibration
frequency can be used in belt tension monitoring system.

Figure 8: the two roller support of transverse vibration with linear and nonlinear
frequency the proportion between the.
4 experiment
In order to make the simulation results can be proven, experiments using dynamic test
equipment, as shown in figure 9 below.

Use this test can determine the facilities of the two roller gap and unloading flat belt of
transverse vibration, such as the return of the part. The voice device is used to measure the
displacement of the belt. In addition, still in trials for all we know a tight force, with speed,
the motor torque, roller rotor and roller distance.
5, for example
Because most have cost XiaoYiDai conveyor of operating conditions in appeared width a
range of 0.6 m to 1.2 m [2] all kinds of leather belt, but through the transformation of
different belt speed change with the transmission capacity,. However in the belt speed change
before, should determine the belt and the interaction between roller, to ensure that no support
the resonance of the belt. To illustrate the stability of mobile with transverse displacement this,
measured the two roller intervals. Take the total length of L is 52.7 m, roller spacing I is 3.66
49

 1200mm

m, the proportion of the constant static sag is 2.1%, 0.24 belt speed and Vb 3.57 m/s.
The signal of the transformation of the late by as shown in figure 5 shows the fast
Fourier technology spectrum available. In figure 5 appeared three frequency. The first
frequency is caused by combination with place:
The second frequency, appear in 1.94 hz, is by the belt caused by the transverse
vibration.

The third frequency appear in 10.5 Hz, by the rotation of the roller is caused, as shown in
figure 11 to the numerical simulation of gain.

Figure 11 shows the drag band and roller interaction cause resonance region of can
predict three roller diameter. The belt conveyor roller diameter of 0.108 M, which can
forecast the belt speed adjacent 0.64 M/S resonance phenomenon. In order to verify the
results, in the start of the belt conveyor measurement of maximum lateral displacement span.

6. Conclusion
The finite element model of belt conveyor in the application of the bridge wearing yuan,
with transverse displacement of the simulation, so that can develop with no support of
resonance. For small numerical speaking, the beams yuan instead of linear differential
equation prediction is the advantage of resonance phenomenon can also predict to the belt
longitudinal and transverse displacement and the interactions between from simulation
predicted belt from roller
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 1200mm

. .
1

--

--
2
--

[ 1 ]

[ 2 ]

51

 1200mm

3
22101

[ 3 ] [ 4 ]

52

 1200mm

[5][6]

3.1

Ls L

1[9]
C C + 1 K H G
V

1 [ 9 ]

3.1.1

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 1200mm

2 P Q X
xT = [up vp uq vq]

(1)

[ 7 ]
1 = D1(x) = o

ds- dso
2dso

(2)

DSO DS

3
K1 = /1 = q1/8T

(3)

q 1
T [ 7 ]
s = 8/3 Ks

3.1.2
54

(4)

 1200mm

1 2 3

3.2

66 7

6
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 1200mm

3.1
1 , 2 3 4 5
7

4 > 0

3.3

[ 8 ]

ft = fi + fa + fb

(8)

Fi FA FB
[9]
Fi = CFznzh nhD-nD VbnvK-nk NTnT
fa =
fb =

Mred u
Fzb

(9)

Mf
Fzbri

FZ H D
Vb KN T Mred
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 1200mm

B U MF RI

3.4

3.2
p q

red = Dred(x) = ip + q = 0

(10)

v 11

v = Ri + sGi + L i/t

(11)

11 I R c L
s
Tc = iTGi

(12)

j
Ti = Iij

k
+ Cik

Kil

(13)

T I C K

3.5
[ 7 ]
fk - Mkl x1 / t = 1Dik
57

(14)

 1200mm

F M
to X
(8)
[ 7 ]

3.6

Ks << 1
15
V C2 16
c2 = g1/8Ks

(16)

5 16 v(O,t)=v(l,t)=0
18
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 1200mm

= Vb / c2

(17)

FB

fi = Vb / D

(19)

D
L

D
2

(1-)

(20)

16
16

Ks

18 8 0.3

10

18

4
9
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 1200mm

5
0.6m- 1.2m[ 2 ]

L 52.7m I 3.66m
2.1 0.24 Vb 3.57m/ s
5 5 3

fs = Vb/L = 0.067 Hz
1.94

10

10.5Hz 11

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 1200mm

11 D.

11
0.108M 0.64M/S

12

12 0.64M/S
0.64 / s

61