3.

2. ra saSualebebiT
ra aris
vswavlobT
istoria istorias

3.1 istoriuli geografia

istoriuli geografiis Camoyali- istoriuli geografia Seiswavlis:

beba didi geografiuli aRmoCenebis
epoqas ukavSirdeba. am mimarTulebis
damaarseblad miCneulia XVI saukunis
flamandrieli kartografi abraham
orteliusi. mas ekuTvnis dedamiwis
pirveli istoriuli atlasi _ `Zveli
msoflios istoriis atlasi.~
istoriuli geografiis kvlevis
areali XX saukuneSi mniSvnelovnad
gafarTovda. werilobiT wyaroebze
dayrdnobiT ikvleven geografiul
punqtebs, qalaqebis warmoSobasa da
maTi ganviTarebis gzebs. saxelmwi-
foebisa da samTavroebis sazRvrebs,
kontinentur da regionalur gzebs,
omebis geografias da sxv.
1- politikuri geografiis prob-
lemebs (sazRvrebis cvlilebebi, dasax-
elebuli punqtebis warmoSoba-ganviTa-
rebis sakiTxebi, xalxTa gadaadgilebis
geografia da sxva);
2- mosaxleobis geografias;
3- ekonomikur geografias (meurne-
obis ganviTarebis istoria, regionebs
Soris ekonomikuri kavSirebis isto-
riis Seswavla da sxva);
4- socialur geografias;
5- saeklesio geografias;
6- toponimikas (dasaxlebuli pun-
qtebis, mTebis, mdinareebis, tbebis sax-
elwodebaTa Camoyalibeba, gavrceleba
da cvalebadoba).

wyaro 1
rogori klimati iyo evropaSi XVI-XIX ss.
istoriul geografias gaaCnia Tavisi kvlevis meTodebi. SeiZleba esa Tu
is faqti, erTi SexedviT, umniSvnelo movlenaze mogviTxrobdes, magram masze
dayrdnobiT istoriuli geografiis mkvlevars SeuZlia saintereso daskvnebi
gaakeTos. magaliTad, aviRoT klimatis cvalebadoba. XVI-XIX saukunis werilo-
biT wyaroebSi gabneulia cnobebi evropaSi momxdar klimatur cvlilebebze.
cnobilia, rom 1569-1579 wlebSi evropaSi civi amindebi idga. gansakuTrebiT
civi iyo, magaliTad, XVIII saukuneSi 1739/40, 1762/63, 1783/84 wlebi. yvela
monacemis gaanalizeba specialistebs aZlevs saSualebas, daadginon, Tu
rogori iyo klimati XVI-XIX saukuneebSi. suraTi Semdegnairia: evropaSi XVI
saukunis miwurulsa da XVII saukunis dasawyisSi, aseve XVIII-XIX saukuneebis
mijnaze sakmaod civi amindebi idga. magram kvleva amiT ar dasrulebula.
mTavari aris imis dadgena, Tu ra gavlena moaxdina adamianze amindis aseTma
gauaresebam. klimaturi monacemebi Sedarda amave epoqis ekonomikur mona-
cemebs da gakeTda daskvna, rom...

kiTxvebi
1. wyaro 1-is mixedviT imsjeleT, ra SeeZlo gamoewvia klimatis cvalebadobas ada-
mianisTvis? pasuxebi daasabuTeT.
2. paraleli gaavleT Zveli drois adamianebTan. gaixseneT, ra ganapiroba pirvelma
klimaturma cvlilebam - gamyinvarebam adamianebSi?

22
wyaro 2
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sazRvari Tamar mefis epoqaSi
`XIII saukunis dasawyisSi saqarTvelo sakmaod did teritorias moicavda.
CrdiloeTiT saxelmwifo sazRvari kavkasionis qeds miuyveboda. Semdeg igi
aRmosavleTiT eSveboda mdinare CaRan-usunze anu TeTr wyalze, romelic
Samaxiis mTis Ziras miedineboda. es iyo Sarvanisa da saqarTvelos gamyofi
sazRvari.
ufro samxreTiT mdebareobda ranis mxare, romelic saqarTvelos Semad-
genlobaSi ar Semodioda da is soliseburad iyo SemoWrili. XIII saukunis da-
sawyisSi ranis erTi nawili, qalaqi Samqori Tavisi midamoebiT, saqarTvelom
SemoierTa. samxreT-aRmosavleT sazRvari mdinare araqsze gadioda.
samxreT saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi iyo moqceuli dvinis saamiro,
anisisa da yarsis samefoebi. ukidures samxreTSi Semodioda bagrevanis pro-
vincia, Semdeg sazRvars basianis aRmosavleT nawilSi unda gaevlo da taosa
da basianis gamyof qedze gasuliyo. mecnierTa erTi nawilis azriT, basianis
provincia saqarTveloSi Semodioda, meoreTa azriT ki basiani mxolod gav-
lenis sferoSi iyo moqceuli da am dros qveynis SemadgenlobaSi ar Sedioda.
samxreT-dasavleTiT sasazRvro zoli misdevda jer sperisa da parxlis
gamyof qeds, xolo Semdeg parxalisa da WaneTis gamyof mTagrexils. murRu-
lis xeobis dasavleT seqtoris gavlis Semdeg ki is xofas (Zvelad am qalaqs
xufaTs uwodebdnen) samxreTiT eSveboda zRvasTan. dasavleTis sazRvari Savi
zRvis zols miuyveboda.
saqarTvelos sazRvris ukidures Crdilo-dasavleT punqts nikofsia war-
moadgenda, romelic qalaq tuafsedan Crdilo-dasavleTiT 47 kilometriTaa
daSorebuli.
XIII saukunis saqarTvelos teritoria moicavda rogorc sakuTriv qarTul
provinciebs, aseve araqarTul teritoriebs. magaliTad, CrdiloeT somx-
eTs, romelic saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi Semodioda da politikurad Tu
socialur-ekonomikurad qarTvelTa samefos Semadgenel organul nawils
warmoadgenda. amas garda, am droisaTvis saqarTvelos garSemo arsebobdnen
saxelmwifoebi, romlebic misi gavlenis sferoSi iyvnen moqceulni.~

davaleba
CawereT cxrilSi dokumentSi moxseniebuli sazRvrebi, mxareebi Tu qalaqebi da
moZebneT rukaze

samxreT - samxreT-
aRmosav- Crdil- Crdilo-
dasavleTi samxreTi aRmosav- dasavle-
leTi oeTi dasavleTi
leTi Ti

kiTxvebi
1. Tqveni azriT, saqarTvelos sazRvari (sazRvrebi) romeli mimarTulebiT gani-
cdida cvlilebebs yvelaze naklebad? ratom?
2. qveynis sazRvari yvelaze xSirad ra mimarTulebiT icvleboda da ratom?

23
24
sur. 1 saqarTvelos samefo XIII saukunis I meoTxedSi.
davaleba

1. daitaneT Tanamedrove saqarTvelos konturul rukaze istoriuli mxareebi

da miuwereT maT politikuri centrebi.

2. saqarTvelos Tanamedrove samxareo administraciul-teritoriul erTeulebs

miuwereT masSi Semavali istoriuli kuTxeebi. aRniSneT romel istoriul kuTxes
aqvs gansakuTrebuli statusi.

Tanamedrove samxareo
administraciul-teri- istoriuli mxareebi
toriuli erTeulebi

1. kaxeTi
2. Sida qarTli
3. qvemo qarTli
4. afxazeTi
5. samcxe-javaxeTi
6. imereTi
7. guria
8. aWara
9. samegrelo-svaneTi
10. mcxeTa-mTianeTi
11. raWa-leCxumi
12. Tbilisi

25
 davaleba
SeadareT ori ruka erTmaneTs. SeavseT cxrili da gamoyaviT yvela cvlileba.
gamoitaneT daskvnebi.

1969 weli 1991 weli

1. ruseTis ssr
2. yazaxeTis ssr
3. ukrainis ssr
4. TurqmeneTis ssr
5. uzbekeTis ssr

1
k 6. belorusiis ssr
7. yirgizeTis ssr
13
12
11
r 8. tajikeTis ssr
9. azerbaijanis ssr

6 s 10. saqarTvelos ssr

11. litvis ssr
12. latviis ssr

2
s 3
13. estoneTis ssr
14. moldaveTis ssr
7 15. somxeTis ssr
14
5 8 sur. 2
10 4 sabWoTa socialisturi
15 9 respublikuri kavSiri
(ssrk) 1969 w.

sur. 3
sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg warmoqm-
nili damoukidebeli
saxelmwifoebi.

www.istoria.ge _ am eleqtronul misamarTze SegiZliaT moiZioT saqarTvelos

istoriuli rukebi.

26