.

:
:
:

2
13/2/1384
C

(1 8126804 : -13 :
15:
(2 - 8126120 : -13 :
-15:
(3 - 8029017 : 15 -13 :
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

) (
10*56.7 9
.

-(13------------------------------------------------------------------
-(2 3----------------------------------------
-(3 6------------------------------------
-(3-1 6-------------------------------------------------------------
-(3-2 7------------------------------------------------------------
-(3-2-1 9-------------------------------------------------

-(4 10----------------------------------------------------------
-(5 13-----------------------------

-(5-1 13-----------------------------------------------------------

-(6 13-------------------------
-(714----------------------------------------------------------------

-(1

.

) 1 (

.
-(2

.
1 )
(.
) (
.
:
)0.96VI-0.0017(TE-TV
=Q
TE TV
V I .
:
Q =Q + Q R
Q
QR Qc
.
corr

corr

corr

:
) Q R =A(T -T
4
V

4
E

=
) + dl

l d .

d 2
2

( ) ((=A(1.13

:
T E :
) ) T :
V

38
0.96
( =0.96 ).
Q

Q

4
4
) Q R =A(T E -T V
.
corr

Q :
:
c

Nu=c[Gr Pr] m

c = 0.47

m = 0.25
g ( E v)d 3 2
=Gr
2

C p
k

=Pr

.

Tm .

Nu ) Pr
( :Nu
hd
Nu= k
K Tm )d (
)h (
:
) Q =hA(T E -T
Q .
Tv,TE,V,I Qcorr
V

A, Tv,TE , ,Qc QR , .
-(3



.
-(3-1

)
(

. .

.
3
.
) 1 2 (.

.

. 9 .
QR
. QR
( (T- V4

4
E

T . A

A .

-(3-2

. 200kpa-5 .
.
mm 160 mm6.35 .

. .

-(3-2-1

)( .

. 1pa 1V 0.02
1 .

-(4
:
7

11

11

11

12

12

12

12

Recorded
Results
Experiment
2
Guage
Pressure
)(Pa

Volts

0.97

0.86

0.76

0.65

0.54

0.43

0.32

Amperes

198

169

149

116

94

66

55

Element

Temperature
(Centigrade)
23

Vessel
Temperature
(Centigrade)

23

23

24

24

24

24

(1 )
( 90000pa )
: A
A=1.13(

d 2
2

Experiment 2
Element Heat
Loss Qcorr

+ dl )

, d=6.35mm ,

l=160mm A=0.003677m 2

(W)

0.8672

1.5781

2.4713

3.5876

4.8947

6.3583

8.085

Element
Temperature
TE(K)

328

339

367

389

422

442

471

Vessel
Temperature
TV(K)

296

296

296

297

297

297

297

312

317.5

331.5

343

359.5

369.5

384

0.706
0.000134012

0.704
0.000132

0.701
0.000126129

0.698
0.000122

0.696
0.000107

0.694
0.000104

0.692
9.981E-05

1.8911

1.9203

1.9908

2.02

2.1011

2.1568

2.1955

1.29374E-05

1.6E-05

2.15944E-05

2.45E-05

2.25E-05

2.28E-05

2.352E-05

0.025838099

0.027228

0.029316539

0.030235

0.029562

0.029643

0.0298538

Mean
Temperature
Tm(K)
Prandtl
Number(Pr)
Density()
Dynamic
viscosity()
(*10^5)
Grashof
Number(Gr)
Nusselt
Number(Nu)

0.3511

0.3247

0.2991

0.28624

0.26921

0.247

0.0967052

0.078549

0.064299

0.047419

0.034398929

0.018678

7.9882948
4.143E+10
1.928E-10

6.279751
3.04E+10
2.07E-10

4.830401
2.39E+10
2.02E-10

3.540181
1.51E+10
2.34E-10

2.436901071
10464563265
2.32872E-10

1.559422
5.53E+09
2.82E-10

5.462E-08

5.85E-08

5.72E-08

6.63E-08

6.59708E-08

7.99E-08

Heat
Transfer
coefficient
)(*10^4
0.23912
Convected
Heat Qc
0.0130418
Radiation
Heat
0.8541582
TE^4-TV^4
3897753600
Gradient A 2.19141E-10

6.20811E-08

Stefan
Boltzmann
Constant

) (2
QR-(TE^4-Tv^4) Diagram
9
8
7
6

)QR(w

3
2
1
0
5E+10

4E+10

3E+10

2E+10

1E+10

)(TE^4-Tv^4

) (1
:
m=A=0.1901*10 9
:
A=0.003677 m ,
:

=0.96

10

W
m2k 4

=53.85*10

-(5
-(5-1


:
W
m2k 4

=56.7*10

:
W
m2k 4

=53.85*10

.
%5 .
:
0.96 .
. .
.
- .

11

-(6


... .

.

.
-(7
-1 /
/ / 1384-1383
Heat Transfer/J.P.Holman/Prof. of Mechanical Enginnering/ Southern -(2
Methodist University/1997