?

?
.
.

60

.
.

Transparency Internationals Corruption Perceptions Index 180

.

1950

84
.

1980

,
Raj

. 1993

,
.

.
. License

.
,

,
.

India Corruption Study 2005

11

. Transparancy International

. July 2008

The Washington Post,

2002

50%

!!!
.

50,00,000

Transparency International
,

,
2009

. 80%
.
,

,
.

,
,

.
.

.
.

.
(

,
.

Target Achievement.

,
.

!!!

10%

Right to Information Act

Bhoomi (Computerization of land registry records of karnataka)
Wistleblowers

Helmet

fine

.
Business Dealings.

.
.

?
.

.
?

?
.

,
.

!!!
,

.
Anti-Corruption
,

!
,

!!
..

 ()

' , .
9 - 10

6 - 6.9

3 - 3.9

- .

- .

- .

- .

- .

- .


.
() .
.
. . .
. .

Worldwide Corruption Perceptions ranking of countries

published by Transparency International

R
a
n
k

R
a
n
k

Index
Country

2
0
1
0

Country
2010[]

[[

20 20 20 20 20 20 2
09[ 08[ 07[ 06[ 05[ 04[ 0
0
]
]
]
]
]
]
3

2
0
0
2

|]]

9. 9.
9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.5
5 5

[[New
1
Zealand|]]

9. 9.
9.3 9.4 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.6 9.5
5 4

|]]
[[

2
0
1
0

2
20 0
10 0
9

[[

9. 9.
4 4

9
1

[[

9.2 8.9 9.0 9.4 9.6 9.6 9.7 9. 9.

[[The

9.3 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.2 9.3 9.4

2
0
0
8

2
0
0
7

2
0
0
6

2
0
0
5

2
0
0
4

2
0
0
3

2
0
0
2

9
[[Swa 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2.
1 ziland|]]
2 6 6 3 5 7
9
1

[[
1

Index

|]]

|]]

3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
2 4 1 8 6 5 2 4 5

3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
2 1 2 2 1 2 5 4 7

3. 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.

7 9

|]]
[[
4

9.2 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.2 9.3

|]]
[[

8.9 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.7

]]
[[Nethe
7
rlands|]]

|]]

|]]

1
0 |]]

[[

1
1

[[

8. 8.
5 4

9
8

8. 8.
6 5

1
0
1

8.7 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 8.8

1
1

1
3

8.7 8.7 8.7 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.8

8.6 8.6 7.9 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.8

|]]
[[
|]]

8.5 8.7 8.9 9.2 9.6 9.7 9.6

8. 8.
5 6

9. 9.
4 2

9. 8.
8.5 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.5 8.7
0 7

[[
|]]

8.4 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.0

8. 7.
2 9

1
4

6. 7.
8.0 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5
9 5

1
5

7.9 7.9 8.1 8.1 8.6 8.7 8.0

[[

[[Burk
9
3. 3. 3. 2. 3. 3.
ina
8
1 6 5 9 2 4
Faso|]]
9
8

[[
8

9. 8.
0 9

9
[[Kirib 3. 2. 3. 3. 3.
1 ati|]]
2 8 1 3 7

9. 8.
8.8 8.9 8.9 9.0 8.7 8.6 8.9
0 8

[[
8

9. 9.
3 0

1 Gambia|]] 2 9 9 3 5 7 8 5

7. 7.
8 8

[[

3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
1 3 6 5 3 5 6 6 6

|]]
[[

3. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
1 8 8 9 3 4 2 3 4

|]]
[[

|]]

1
0
1

[[

1
0
1

[[

3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 3. 2. 3. 3.
0 0 0 0 8 0 9 3 5

3. 3. 2. 1.
|]] 0 0 4 7

|]]

3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
0 0 8 6 6 6 6 5 6

[[So
1
Tom and 3. 2. 2. 2.
0
Prncipe|] 0 8 7 7
1
]
1
[[Mol 2. 3. 2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2.
0
dova|]]
9 3 9 8 2 9 3 4 1
5
[[Sen
1
0 egal|]]

2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
9 0 4 6 3 2 0 2 1

|]]

1
5

[[
7.9 8.0 7.9 7.8 8.0 8.2 7.7

|]]

1. RED

1
7

IRE
CT
Tem
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7. 7.
3 4

1
[[Arge 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
0
ntina|]]
9 9 9 9 9 8 5 5 8
5
1
0
5

[[
|]]

1
0
5

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
9 7 2 1 6 6 2 4 3

2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2.
9 8 2 0 1 8 7 6

1
[[Beni 2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 3.
1
8 9 1 7 5 9 2
n|]]
0
1
[[Gab
1
on|]]
0
1
1
0
1
1
0

2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 3.
8 9 1 3 0 9 3

[[
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1.
8 8 6 3 4 2 0 9 9
|]]
[[

2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
8 7 0 9 7 5 2 3 2

|]]

1
[[Solo
2. 2. 2. 2.
1 mon
8 8 9 8
0 Islands|]]
1
1
0 KOS

2.
8

1
[[Ethi 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3.
1
opia|]]
7 6 4 4 2 3 5 5
6

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||b
gcol
or='
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6.9
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or='
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1
[[Mali 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3.
1
7 1 7 8 9 2 0
|]]
6
1
[[Mon 2. 3. 3. 2. 3. 3.
1
golia|]]
7 0 0 8 0 0
6
1
1
6

[[

1
1
6

[[

1
1
6

[[

|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
7 7 6 6 6 6 4 4

|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
7 6 6 5 5

|]]

2. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
7 0 2 9 9 8 5 7

1
[[Moz
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
1 ambique|
7 6 8 8 8 8 7
6 ]]
1
[[Arm 2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3.
2
enia|]]
6 9 0 9 9 1 0
3
1
[[Mad 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 3. 2. 1.
2
agascar|]] 6 4 2 1 8 1 6 7
3
1
[[Niger 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
2
6 8 6 3 4 2
|]]
3
1
[[Eritr 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
2
ea|]]
6 6 8 9 6 6
3
[[Bela 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3. 4. 4.
1
5 0 1 1 6 3 2 8
2 rus|]]

alig
n='r
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|
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7
1
[[Syri
2
a|]]
7

2. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3.
5 1 4 9 4 4 4

1
2
7

2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 3.
5 0 0 6 1 7 0

[[
|]]

1
2
7

[[

1
2
7

[[

|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
5 5 6 6 6 7 6 5

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
5 0 1 3 5 4 2 2

|]]

1
[[East 2. 2. 2. 2.
2
Timor|]]
5 2 6 6
7
1
2
7

[[
|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
5 6 8 7 5 6 2 1

1
[[Azer 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. 2.
3
baijan|]]
4 9 1 4 2 9 8 0
4
1
3
4
1
3
4

2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. 1. 1.
4 7 2 2 9 6 4 6

[[
|]]

1
[[Tog
3
o|]]
4

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
4 6 5 5 6 3 3 7

2. 2. 2. 2.
4 7 3 4

:#00
000
0;'
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1
7

[[

1
3
4

[[
1
9 |]]

1
[[Sierr 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
3
a Leone|]] 4 9 1 2 4 3 2
4

7.7 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.6

[[
2
0

7.6 7.7 7.7 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.6

8. 8.
7 3

|]]
2
1

[[

|]]

7.2 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.4

7. 7.
5 5

2
[[Belgiu
2 m|]]

7. 6.
7.1 7.1 7.3 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.6
1 6

7.1 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.6 7.5 7. 7.

[[Unite

|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. 1. 1.
4 1 0 0 7 5 3 2

1
[[Phili 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
3
ppines|]] 4 3 5 5 5 6 5 6
4

7. 7.
7.8 7.7 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.3 7.0
1 1

|]]

[[

1
3
4

[[

1
3
4

[[

1
4
3

[[

1
4
3

[[

|]]

|]]

|]]

|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
4 5 7 8 6 2 3 4

2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
4 8 1 4 6 3 3 7

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
3 5 4 2 1 1 5 6

2. 2. 3.
3 8 3

1
[[Mau 2. 2. 2. 3.
4
ritania|]] 3 8 6 1
3
1
[[Cam 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 2.
4
2 3 4 3 2 1 8 2
eroon|]]
6
1
4
6

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
2 7 5 5 5 8

[[Liby 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
1
2 6 5 7 5 5 1
4 a|]]

2 d States|]]
2
4

7 6

6.9 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.4 5.9 5.5

5. 5.
1 1

6.8 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 6.9

6. 6.
3 7

:C
1
2. 2. 2.
4 ountry
2 0 1
6 data Ivory
Coast

[[
|]]

2
5
[[

2
6

5. 5.
6.5 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.4 5.5
6 6

|]]
[[

2
7

6.4 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.1 5.9

|]]
[[

2
8 ]]

6.3 6.6 6.4 5.3 5.6 5.7 5.4

6. 5.
0 2

6.
1

[[
2
8

6.3 6.5 5.9 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.1

5.
2

|]]

3
0

3
0 ]]

[[
6.1 6.1 6.0 6.1 5.9 6.3 6.4

|]]
[[

3
2

6.1 6.1 6.5 6.7 6.8 7.0 6.9

6.0 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.6 6.5 6.6

7. 7.
0 3

7. 7.
1 0

6. 6.
3 3

1
4
6

[[
|]]

1. 2. 2. 2.
9 0 1 7

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. 1.
2 4 4 6 1 9 6 7

1
[[Yem 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
4
2 3 5 6 7 4 6 4
en|]]
6
1
[[Haiti 2. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 2.
4
2 4 6 8 8 5 5 2
|]]
6
1
4
6

[[
|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3.
2 3 5 7 9 9 0

1
[[Com 2. 2. 2.
5
oros|]]
1 5 6
4
1
5
4
1
5
4

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
1 1 3 5 4 8 7 7

[[
|]]

2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1.
1 1 1 2 1 1 9 9

3
[[Puert
3 o Rico|]]

5.8 5.8 5.8

1
[[Papu
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
5 a New
1 0 0 4 3 6 1
4 Guinea|]]

3
[[Botsw
3 ana|]]

5. 6.
5.8 5.6 5.8 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.0
7 4

[[Cam 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. 1.
1
1 8 0 1 3 5 3 2
5 bodia|]]

3
[[Taiwa
3 n|]]
3
[[Bhuta
6 n|]]
3
7 ]]

[[

3
[[Brune
8 i|]]
3
9

5.8 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.9 5.9 5.6

4
[[Cent
1
ral African 2. 2. 2. 2.
5
Republic|] 1 0 0 4
4
]

5.7 5.0 5.4 5.0

5.6 5.2 5.8 5.8 6.4 6.4

1
[[Laos 2. 2. 1. 2. 3.
5
1 0 9 6 3
|]]
4

5.5 5.5

[[
|]]

5. 5.
7 6

5.4 5.5 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.5

4. 4.
3 5

1
[[Tajik 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1.
5
istan|]]
1 0 1 2 1 0 8
4
[[Rep
1
2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
ublic of
5
1 9 1 2 3 3 2
the
4
Congo|]]

3
9

5.4 5.4 5.5 4.7 5.1 4.2 4.1

4. 4.
4 5

4
[[Oman
1 |]]

5.3 5.5 5.5 4.7 5.4 6.3 6.1

6.
3

5.3 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.1 4.2 4.9

4. 4.
3 5

5.3 5.0 4.6 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.5

3. 4.
6 0

[[Dem
1 ocratic
2. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2.
6 Republic
0 8 9 0 1 0
4 of the
Congo|]]

3. 3.
3 2

1
[[Guin 2. 1. 1. 1.
6
0 6 9 9
ea|]]
4

4
1

[[

4
1

[[

4
4

|]]

|]]
[[
|]]

5.2 5.9 6.0 5.6 4.5 3.0 2.9

[[Cape
4
5 Verde|]]

5.1 5.1 5.1 4.9

4
[[Maca
6 u|]]

5.0 5.3 5.4 5.7 6.6

[[Lithua

5.0 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.6 4. 4.

1
[[Guin
2. 1. 2.
5 ea1 9 2
4 Bissau|]]

1
[[Kyrg 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
6
yzstan|]]
0 8 1 2 3 2 1
4
1
6

[[
|]]

2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
0 9 0 3 3 3 4 5

6 nia|]]
4
8

7 8

[[

6.
4.9 5.1 5.4 5.0 5.7 5.8 5.8
1

|]]

[[
4
9 |]]

4.8 4.8 4.8 4.5 3.6 4.0 4.4

[[
5
0 |]]

4. 4.
4.7 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.0 4.8
8 9

5
[[Jorda
0 n|]]

4. 4.
4.7 5.0 5.1 4.7 5.3 5.7 5.3
6 5

5
[[Saudi
0 Arabia|]]

4.7 4.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4

5
3

[[
|]]

5
[[Kuwai
4 t|]]
5
4

5
6

5
6

4.6 4.9 5.2 5.2 4.8 4.3 4.2

3. 3.
9 7

4.5 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.6

5.
3

[[
4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.5 4.6

|]]
[[

4.4 4.5 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0

|]]
[[

4.
5

4. 4.
4 8

5. 4.
2 9

4. 5.
4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.1
7 7

|]]

5
6

[[

[[Latvia

|]]

4.4 4.4 4.6 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.2

3. 3.
1 2

1
6
8

[[

1. 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1.
9 2 9 2 0 0 8 7

|]]

1
[[Equ
1. 1. 1. 2. 1.
6 atorial
9 7 9 1 9
8 Guinea|]]
1
[[Bur
7
undi|]]
0

1. 1. 2. 2. 2.
8 9 5 4 3

1
[[Cha 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 1.
7
7 6 8 0 7 7
d|]]
1
1
7
2

[[

1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2.
6 6 8 0 1 2 3

|]]

1
[[Turk
1. 1. 2. 2. 1. 2.
7 menistan|
6 8 0 2 8 0
2 ]]
1
[[Uzb 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
7
ekistan|]] 6 8 7 7 2 3 4 9
2
1
[[Iraq 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2.
7
5 3 5 9 2 1 2
|]]
5
1
7
6

[[
|

1. 1. 1.
4 5 8

2.
5

]]

1
[[Mya 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.
7
4 3 4 9 8 7 6
nmar|]]
6

4.3 4.5 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.0 3. 3.

1

[[Som 1. 1. 1.

2.

9 |]]

8 7

5
[[Slovak
9 ia|]]

4.3 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.0

7 alia|]]
8

3. 3.
7 7

[[

5
9

[[

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1. RED

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6. 6. 6.
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]

2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 4.
9 0 5 7 8 5

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4. 4.
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2 ]]

[[

4.1 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.6

3. 3.
3 9

[[Repub
6 lic of
2 Macedonia|
]]

4.1 3.8 3.6 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.7

2.
3

6
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