Professional Documents
Culture Documents
graphs, or illustrations
consider your purpose and your reader Be aware that it is still your writing that must carry the burden of providing the context and pointing out the significance of the visuals
your graphics requirements before you begin to write Plan your visuals when youre planning the scope and organization of your final work Make graphics an integral part of your outline
Creating visuals
Explain why youve included the illustration Direct your readers attention to it
Reliable sources
Cont.
Specify units of measurement used Avoid mixing English and International System units or dollars
Give each illustration a concise caption that clearly describes its contents.
Cont.
Is
Are
Refer to each visual by its figure or table number Place illustration closely following the text where it is discussed
Are
Do
Allow white space on the page around and within each illustration
Cont.
Is
Table Number
Column Headings
Table Title
Table 1 U.S. Population, Employment, and Gross Product Projections, 1980-2010 1980 Population (thousands) Total Under 18 18-64 Rule 226,549 63,755 137,240 Stub 249,402 64,156 154,011 276,241 71,789 169,131 300,431 73,617 186,709 1990 2000 2010
Tables
B O X H E A D
B O D Y
Cont.
Source line: where you obtained the data Footnotes: explain an item in the table. Use symbols Informal tables
Within the text Include headings Align columns and rows May need to acknowledge the source of the information
Graphs
Line
graphs
Bar
graphs
Shows different or the same types of information during different periods of time
Shenti
tu parte va aqui
Organizational Charts
Organizational
charts are used to show the relationships among various parts of an organization.
Maps
Maps
are used to show geographic features or geographic distribution. Maps must be purchased or licensed in most cases to be used in a document.
Creating Maps
Identify
all boundaries. Eliminate all unnecessary information. Include a scale to indicate maps proportions. Identify which direction is north. Emphasize key features with symbols or colors and include a key.
Photographs
Highlighting Photographic Objects Ensure that the photographs focus on the details important to your content. Identify the preferred resolution for the photos. Color In many cases the only way to communicate crucial information. Discuss with printing professionals the type, quality, and number of color photographs required.
Communicating Internationally
Visuals
can communicate a message more effectively. Replace technical terms difficult to translate. How visuals are perceived by international audiences depends on many factors.
Colors
Colors can distort or change the meaning of a graphic depending on the culture.
White In western cultures symbolizes purity In Asian cultures is associated with death and mourning Red Associated with danger in North America, Europe and Japan. In China, symbolizes joy.
Cultural Symbols
The
meaning of symbols vary depending on the culture. A cross in North America can symbolize first aid or a hospital. In Muslim countries a cross symbolizes Christianity.
Reading Practices
The direction in which text is read influences how graphics are sequenced. Text is read from right to left in Middle East and many parts Asia.
Directional Signs Signs used to represent direction or time can be misinterpreted. Western cultures indicate the future or something positive by pointing right. In Chinese culture right represents selfdestruction.