Professional Documents
Culture Documents
cations where appropriate and necessary to the texts as you probably may have \l
ine \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 found a number of plus points in the text selec
ted. On the other hand you may want to adapt \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex105
selected materials from elsewhere (eg. brochures) to add to or supplement the ex
isting \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex105 texts. \par\pard\ql \li1728\sb0\sl-253
\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1728\sb220\sl-253
\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs22 What is Adapt
ation ? \par\pard\qj \li1728\ri843\sb23\sl-380\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscale
x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 A good point to begin with when considering the
relationship between evaluation and adaptation \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex1
13 is to think of the terms 'adopting' and "adapting'. The previous Units on sel
ection and \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex105 evaluation gave you practice o
n how to make a decision about whether a particular \line \up0 \expndtw
0\charscalex109 textbook should be used in a specific teaching learning situatio
n was taken on the basis \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex111 of a number of evalu
ative criteria. These criteria were formulated as a set of questions \line \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex105 to ask about the materials, provide answers that
will lead to acceptance or perhaps \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex109 reje
ction. For instance, typical questions concerned aspects of 'skills', the differ
ent ways \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex109 in which the content is approac
hed and dealt with and the authenticity of both the \line \up0 \expndtw0\c
harscalex107 language and tasks etc. However, it does not mean that if we make a
decision to adopt a \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex107 text or a set of materia
ls initially that we do not need to do any adaptation. As you \par\p
ard\ql \li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li6430\sb34\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs20 1 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\
paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg2}{\bkmkend Pg2}\par\pard\q
l \li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li6430\sb10\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2
\fs20 2 \par\pard\qj \li1728\ri818\sb127\sl-380\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscale
x107 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 already know by now, realistically no matter ho
w careful the design of the materials and \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex105 the evalu
ation process, may appear to be some changes or adaptation will have to be
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 made at some level in most teaching contexts. Adapt
ation\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs22 , \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 then is\ul0\nos
upersub\cf5\f6\fs22 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a process whereby \up0 \expndtw
0\charscalex109 certain parts of' a whole textbook or a set of materials need to
be modified to meet the \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 needs of a specific teachi
ng learning situation. Adaptation is recommended over developing \up0 \expndtw0\
charscalex103 or producing new material as it is considered to be less time cons
uming and more effective \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 than writing materials fr
om scratch. \par\pard\qj \li1728\sb0\sl-380\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li1728\ri838\sb
1\sl-380\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 Adaptation is a more widespread ac
tivity among teachers because the smaller-scale process \line \up0 \expndtw0\cha
rscalex106 of changing or adjusting the various parts of a textbook or other m
aterials is more closely \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106 related to the reali
ty of dealing with learners in the dynamic and ever changing classroom. \par\par
d\qj \li1728\sb0\sl-380\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li1728\ri797\sb1\sl-380\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 You may be asking yourself why should I even evaluate
let alone adapt materials when I \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 am not involved in
any decision making as far as texts and materials are concerned? I have \up0 \e
xpndtw0\charscalex108 to use what the school wants me to use or I am forced to u
se whatever texts the Ministry \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 places in my zone.
\par\pard\qj \li1728\sb0\sl-377\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li1728\ri839\sb6\sl-377\slm
ult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 It would be good to remind yourself that eval
uating textbook-,/materials in a context where \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex112
teachers have little direct say in decision-making is an exercise which can hel
p you to \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex111 develop insights into different views of l
anguage and learning and into the principles of \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 mat
erials design. It is some thing ycu can consistently do against the
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order to allow students to understand you. You may also reword \line \up0 \expn
dtw0\charscalex106 certain parts of an activity, provide additional examp
les or explaination, produce a \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106 suppleme
ntary picture or draw a picture to illustrate an idea which is not clearly state
d in a \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 text or even rephrase tasks or instruc
tions and the likes. So what are you actually doing \line \up0 \expndtw0\chars
calex108 here? What you are indeed doing is to make on the spot deci
sions about simple \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 adaptations. These examp
les clearly show you that you have always been adapting materials \line \up0 \ex
pndtw0\charscalex106 and adaptation is not something virtually new to you. But y
ou need to remember that there \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 are other mor
e formal means of adapting materials. \par\pard\qj \li1728\sb0\sl-380\slmult0 \p
ar\pard\qj\li1728\ri1412\sb1\sl-380\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex109 Before
we go on let us take a break from theory and do a simple activity to get you \up
0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 thinking about materials adaptation. \par\pard\ql \li
1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li17
28\sb99\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex111 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs22
Activity 1 A. \par\pard\li1728\sb132\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4
\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 I
dentify a textbook in use or one which you are currently using.\par\pard\li1728\
sb126\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 2.\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-3\charscalex100 To what extent do you feel that the book or materials need to
be adapted?\par\pard\li1728\sb126\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\cha
rscalex100 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Make a note of the aspects of ch
anges or adaptation which you think need to be made.\par\pard\li1728\sb126\sl-25
3\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charsc
alex100 State why the changes/adaptation are necessary.\par\pard\li1728\sb127\sl
-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\cha
rscalex100 Also state who published the book or materials, the writers, and were
the books\par\pard\ql \li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li6430\sb34\sl-23
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs20 4 \par\pard\
sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg5}{\bkmkend
Pg5}\par\pard\ql \li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li6430\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li6430\sb10\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf1\f2\fs20 5 \par\pard\qj \li1728\ri4633\sb127\sl-380\slmult0\fi719 \
up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 specifically ritten for
the Malaysian situation etc. \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 6. \up0 \expndtw-5\cha
rscalex100 Will the adaptation match the needs of the learners? \par\pard\ql \li
1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1728\sb232\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3
\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs22 B. \par\pard\li1728\sb134\sl-253\slmu
lt0\fi35\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1.\tab
\up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Now ask yourself whether it is worth adapting, do
you have the time? Can you adapt it\par\pard\li1728\sb126\sl-253\slmult0\fi719
\up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 yourself? Do you need help?\par\pard\li1728\sb127\
sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\c
harscalex100 In what way would adapting the materials be useful to the learner
s?\par\pard\li1728\sb128\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100
3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Will it be acceptable to your own teaching
learning situation?\par\pard\li1728\sb126\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx2448 \up0 \expnd
tw-4\charscalex100 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Does your syllabus or cu
rriculum encourage you to adapt materials?\par\pard\qj \li1728\ri743\sb377\sl-38
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 Now share your comments with other
teachers in your group. Make a list of all the \up0 \expndtw-6\charscal
ex100 comments by other teachers using other books or the same books. \par\pard\
qj \li1728\sb0\sl-380\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li1728\ri1104\sb1\sl-380\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-4\charscalex100 I have just asked you to consider your reasons for nee
ding to adapt your own materials, and why \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 some of
the changes have to be made. \par\pard\ql \li1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\q
l\li1728\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1728\sb239\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expnd
tw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs22 Reasons for Adapting \par\pard\qj