Convoluciones PDF

Tema 3.
Convoluciones continuas y discretas

Ejemplos de clculo grfico
Ingeniera de Telecomunicacin
Universidad de Valladolid
M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)
Sistemas Lineales
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Contenidos
Convoluciones discretas
Definicin y Propiedades
Ejemplos
Convoluciones continuas
Ejemplos
Sistemas Lineales
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Contenidos
Ejemplos
Ejemplos
Sistemas Lineales
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Convolucin discreta. Definicin y propiedades
Definicin
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
Propiedades
Elemento neutro: x[n] [n] = x[n]
Conmutativa: x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n]
Asociativa:
x[n] (h1 [n] h2 [n]) = (x[n] h1 [n]) h2 [n] = (x[n] h2 [n]) h1 [n] = x[n] h1 [n] h2 [n]
Distributiva: x[n] (h1 [n] + h2 [n]) = x[n] h1 [n] + x[n] h2 [n]
Sistemas Lineales
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Convolucin discreta. Definicin y propiedades
Definicin
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
Propiedades
Elemento neutro: x[n] [n] = x[n]
Conmutativa: x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n]
Asociativa:
x[n] (h1 [n] h2 [n]) = (x[n] h1 [n]) h2 [n] = (x[n] h2 [n]) h1 [n] = x[n] h1 [n] h2 [n]
Distributiva: x[n] (h1 [n] + h2 [n]) = x[n] h1 [n] + x[n] h2 [n]
Sistemas Lineales
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Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[n]
h[n]
2
1
1
2
2 1
n
0
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
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Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[n]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[k + n]
1
k
n
n + 2
n + 1
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
h[k + n]
1
k
k
n2
n
n1
n + 2
n + 1
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
n2
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n
n1
y[n]
n
n
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
3 2 1
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n = 0, y[0] =
k=
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
y[n]
1
2
2 1
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
3 2 1
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n = 0, y[0] =
n = 1, y[1] =
y[n]
5
2
1
2
2 1
k=
k=
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =
5
2
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
3 2 1
n = 0, y[0] =
n = 1, y[1] =
y[n]
n = 2, y[2] =
5
2
1
2
2 1
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k=
k=
k=
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =
5
2
x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =
5
2
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
3 2 1
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n = 0, y[0] =
n = 1, y[1] =
y[n]
5
2
n = 2, y[2] =
n = 3, y[3] =
1
2
2 1
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
k=
x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =
5
2
k=
x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =
5
2
x[k]h[3 k] = x[1]h[2] = 2
k=
P
k=
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
5 / 15

Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
1
k
3 2 1
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n = 0, y[0] =
n = 1, y[1] =
y[n]
5
2
n = 2, y[2] =
n = 3, y[3] =
1
2
2 1
n
0
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
k=
x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =
5
2
k=
x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =
5
2
x[k]h[3 k] = x[1]h[2] = 2
k=
P
k=
n > 3, y[n] = 0
Sistemas Lineales
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Ejemplo 1
x[n] =
1
[n]
2
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
+ 2[n 1]
h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
1
2
2 1
k
0
2 1
h[n k]
k
n2
y[n]
5
2
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n = 0, y[0] =
n
n1
n = 1, y[1] =
n = 2, y[2] =
n = 3, y[3] =
1
2
2 1
n
0
x[k]h[0 k] = x[0]h[0] =
1
2
k=
x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =
5
2
k=
x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =
5
2
x[k]h[3 k] = x[1]h[2] = 2
k=
P
k=
n > 3, y[n] = 0
Sistemas Lineales
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Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[n]
n
k =0
x[n]
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
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Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[n]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
k
1
h[k + n]
(k+n)
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
k
1
h[n k]
h[k + n]
(k+n)
(nk)
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
k
n
0
n < 0, y[n] = 0
y[n]
n
n
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
k
n
n < 0, y[n] = 0
y[n]
n 0, y[n] =
n
P
k=0
k nk =
n+1 n+1
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
k
0
n
n < 0, y[n] = 0
y[n]
n 0, y[n] =
n
P
k=0
k nk =
n+1 n+1
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 2
y [n] =x[n] h[n] =
x[k ]h[n k ]
k =
x[n] = u[n],
h[n] = n u[n],
6= ,
0 < , < 1.
u[k ]
nk
u[n k ] =
k =
u[n k ].
nk
h[k]
k
k =0
x[k]
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
k
n
n < 0, y[n] = 0
y[n]
n 0, y[n] =
y[n] =
n
P
k nk =
k=0
n+1 n+1
n+1 n+1
u[n]
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
6 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[n]
h[n]
n
1
n
2 1
n
1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[n]
n
k
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[k + n]
(k+n)
k
n
Sistemas Lineales
n + 6
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
h[k + n]
(k+n)
(nk)
n6
Sistemas Lineales
n + 6
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k
n
0
y[n]
n
n
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k
n
0 n 4, y[n] =
n
P
k=0
nk =
1n+1
1
y[n]
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k
n6
0 n 4, y[n] =
n
P
k=0
nk =
1n+1
1
y[n]
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k
n6
0 n 4, y[n] =
n
P
k=0
nk =
1n+1
1
y[n]
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
k
n6 0
n
y[n]
n
P
n+1
nk = 1
0 n 4, y[n] =
1
(
k=0
4
P
n>4
nk =
4 < n 6, y[n] =
n60
k=0
n4 n+1
1
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n
P
n+1
nk = 1
0 n 4, y[n] =
1
(
k=0
4
P
n4
n>4
n+1
nk = 1
4 < n 6, y[n] =
n60
k=0
(
4
P
n4
n6>0
7
nk = 1
6 < n 10, y[n] =
n64
k=n6
k
n6
0
y[n]
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n
P
n+1
nk = 1
0 n 4, y[n] =
1
(
k=0
4
P
n4
n>4
n+1
nk = 1
4 < n 6, y[n] =
n60
k=0
(
4
P
n4
n6>0
7
nk = 1
6 < n 10, y[n] =
n64
k=n6
k
n6
0
y[n]
n 6 > 4 n > 10, y[n] = 0

n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 3
(
x[n] =
1,
0,
(
n , 0 n 6
h[n] =
0,
resto
0n4
,
resto
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
x[k]
h[k]
k
1
k
2 1
k
1
h[n k]
(nk)
n < 0, y[n] = 0
n
P
n+1
nk = 1
0 n 4, y[n] =
1
(
k=0
4
P
n4
n>4
n+1
nk = 1
4 < n 6, y[n] =
n60
k=0
(
4
P
n4
n6>0
7
nk = 1
6 < n 10, y[n] =
n64
k=n6
k
n6
n
y[n]
n 6 > 4 n > 10, y[n] = 0

n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
7 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
h[n] = u[n]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[n]
x[n]
1
5 4 3 2 1
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
h[n] = u[n]
x[k]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[n]
1
5 4 3 2 1
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
h[n] = u[n]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
h[n] = u[n]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
2 1
h[k + n]
1
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
h[n] = u[n]
X
k =
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
h[n k]
h[k + n]
1
k
0
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
k =
h[n] = u[n]
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
2 1
h[n k]
k
n
0
y[n]
n < 0, y[n] =
1
8
1
4
5 4
1
16
n
P
2k = 2n+1
k=
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
k =
h[n] = u[n]
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
h[n k]
2 1
1
k
n
y[n]
n < 0, y[n] =
1
1
16
1
8
1
4
n 0, y[n] =
1
2
5 4 3 2 1
n
P
k=
0
P
2k = 2n+1
2k = 2
k=
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 4
y [n] = x[n] h[n] =
x[n] = 2n u[n]
k =
h[n] = u[n]
x[k ]h[n k ]
h[k]
x[k]
1
5 4 3 2 1
h[n k]
2 1
k
n
0
y[n]
2
n < 0, y[n] =
1
1
16
1
8
1
4
1
2
5 4 3 2 1
n 0, y[n] =
n
P
k=
0
P
2k = 2n+1
2k = 2
k=
n
0
Sistemas Lineales
8 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[n]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[n]
n
0
1,
0,
n
2
Sistemas Lineales
11
16
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[n]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[n]
n
0
1,
0,
n
2
y[n] = x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n] =
Sistemas Lineales
k=
11
16
h[k]x[n k]
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[n]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[n]
n
0
1,
0,
n
2
y[n] = x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n] =

y[n] = x[n] h[n] =
k=
k=
11
16
h[k]x[n k]
x[k]h[n k]
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[k]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[k]
k
0
1,
0,
k
2
Sistemas Lineales
11
16
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[k]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[k]
k
0
1,
0,
k
2
11
16
x[k + n]
1
n
k
0
5n
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
x[k + n]
1
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
5n
1
n5
k
0
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[k]
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
h[k]
k
0
1,
0,
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
1
n5
k
0
y[n]
n
n
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
x[n] =
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
1=n1
1
n5
k
0
n
y[n]
3
2
1
n
0 1 2
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
k=n5
1 = 13 n
n5
y[n]
6
5
3
2
1
n
0 1 2
Sistemas Lineales
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
k=n5
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
1 = 13 n
n5
0
y[n]
6
5
3 3
2
1
n
0 1 2
Sistemas Lineales
10 n
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
k=n5
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
1 = 13 n
n5
0
y[n]
6
5
3 3 3
2
1
n
0 1 2
Sistemas Lineales
10
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
k=n5
1 = 13 n
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
13 n 16, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
n
P
k=11
n5
0
y[n]
6
5
1 = n 10
4
3 3 3 3
2
1
n
0 1 2
Sistemas Lineales
10
13 n
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
k=n5
1 = 13 n
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
13 n 16, y[n] =
17 n 21, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
n
P
k=11
16
P
y[n]
1 = 22 n
6
5
16
4
3 3 3 3
2
1
n
0 1 2
6
5
1 = n 10
k=n5
n5
Sistemas Lineales
10
13
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
11
16
k=n5
13 n 16, y[n] =
17 n 21, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
1 = 13 n
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
n 22, y[n] = 0
k
2
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=11
16
P
y[n]
6
5
1 = n 10
k=n5
1 = 22 n
6
5
5
4
5
4
3 3 3 3
1
n
0 1 2
n5
Sistemas Lineales
10
13
16
22 n
9 / 15

Ejemplo 5
(
1, 0 n 5
,
0, resto
x[n] =
(
h[n] =
x[k]
h[k]
k
0
n
P
k=2
8 n 10, y[n] =
1=n1
7
P
k=n5
1 = 13 n
11 n 12, y[n] = 3
13 n 16, y[n] =
17 n 21, y[n] =
n 22, y[n] = 0
k
2
11
16
x[n k]
n < 2, y[n] = 0
2 n 7, y[n] =
2 n 7, 11 n 16
resto
1,
0,
n
P
k=11
16
P
1
n5
k
0
n
y[n]
6
5
1 = n 10
k=n5
1 = 22 n
5
4
5
4
3 3 3 3
1
n
0 1 2
6
5
Sistemas Lineales
10
13
16
22
9 / 15

Ejemplo 6
x[n]
h[n]
2
1
n
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
10 / 15

Ejemplo 6
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
k
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
10 / 15

Ejemplo 6
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
k
2 1
x[k + n]
2
1
k
n
Sistemas Lineales
10 / 15

Ejemplo 6
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
k
2 1
k
n
2
1
k
2
x[n k]
x[k + n]
2
1
1
1
Sistemas Lineales
10 / 15

Ejemplo 6
x[k]
h[k]
2
1
k
2 1
k
2
x[n k]
x[k + n]
2
1
1
1
k
n
y[n]
3
2
1
0
2 1
Sistemas Lineales
10 / 15
Contenidos
Ejemplos
Ejemplos
Sistemas Lineales
11 / 15
Convolucin continua. Definicin y propiedades
Definicin
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t )d
Propiedades
Elemento neutro: x(t) (t) = x(t)
Conmutativa: x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t)

Asociativa:
x(t) [h1 (t) h2 (t)] = [x(t) h1 (t)] h2 (t) = [x(t) h2 (t)] h1 (t)
Distributiva: x(t) [h1 (t) + h2 (t)] = x(t) h1 (t) + x(t) h2 (t)
Sistemas Lineales
12 / 15
Convolucin continua. Definicin y propiedades
Definicin
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t )d
Propiedades
Elemento neutro: x(t) (t) = x(t)
Conmutativa: x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t)

Asociativa:
x(t) [h1 (t) h2 (t)] = [x(t) h1 (t)] h2 (t) = [x(t) h2 (t)] h1 (t)
Distributiva: x(t) [h1 (t) + h2 (t)] = x(t) h1 (t) + x(t) h2 (t)
Sistemas Lineales
12 / 15
Convolucin continua. Ejemplos

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
a>0
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x(t)
x( )h(t )d
h(t)
1
eat
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
a>0
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t )d
h(t)
x( )
1
1
ea
0
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
a>0
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
a>0
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
0
h( + t)
1
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
a>0
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
h( + t)
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
a>0
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
t<0
t < 0, y(t) = 0
y(t)
t
t
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
a>0
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
t>0
t < 0, y(t) = 0
Rt
t 0, y(t) = 0 ea d =
y(t)
1eat
a
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
a>0
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
t>0
t < 0, y(t) = 0
Rt
t 0, y(t) = 0 ea d =
y(t)
1eat
a
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
a>0
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
t>0
t < 0, y(t) = 0
Rt
t 0, y(t) = 0 ea d =
y(t)
1eat
a
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 1
eat u(t),
a>0
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t)
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
ea
h(t )
t
t < 0, y(t) = 0
Rt
t 0, y(t) = 0 ea d =
y(t)
1/a
t
y(t) =
1eat
a
1 eat
u(t), t
a
Sistemas Lineales
13 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x(t)
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h(t)
t
1
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
2T
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x(t)
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h(t)
2T
1
t
0
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
Sistemas Lineales
2T
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x(t)
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h(t)
2T
1
t
0
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
y(t) = x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t) =
)d
h( )x(t
Sistemas Lineales
2T
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h(t)
2T
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
y(t) = x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t) =
)d
h( )x(t
Sistemas Lineales
2T
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h( )
2T
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
y(t) = x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t) =
)d
h( )x(t
Sistemas Lineales
2T
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h( )
2T
2T
x( + t)
1
t + T
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
y(t) = x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t) =
)d
h( )x(t
Sistemas Lineales
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
h( )
2T
2T
x(t )
x( + t)
t + T
tT
y(t) = x(t) h(t) =
x( )h(t
y(t) = x(t) h(t) = h(t) x(t) =
)d
h( )x(t
Sistemas Lineales
)d
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
2T
x(t )
tT
t
y(t)
t
t 0
Sistemas Lineales
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
(
Rt
t>0
0 < t T, y(t) = 0 d =
tT 0
2T
x(t )
t2
2
tT
t
y(t)
T 2 /2
t
0 t T
Sistemas Lineales
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
(
Rt
2
t>0
0 < t T, y(t) = 0 d = t2
tT 0
(
R
t T > 0,
t
T < t 2T, y(t) = tT d = tT 12 T 2

t 2T
2T
x(t )
tT
y(t)
3T 2 /2
T 2 /2
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
t 2T
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
(
Rt
2
t>0
0 < t T, y(t) = 0 d = t2
tT 0
(
R
t T > 0,
t
T < t 2T, y(t) = tT d = tT 21 T 2

t 2T
(
R 2T
t > 2T,
2T < t 3T, y(t) = tT d = tT 12 t2 + 32 T 2
t T 2T
2T
x(t )
y(t)
tT
3T 2 /2
T 2 /2
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
2T t 3T
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
(
Rt
2
t>0
0 < t T, y(t) = 0 d = t2
tT 0
(
R
t T > 0,
t
T < t 2T, y(t) = tT d = tT 21 T 2

t 2T
(
R 2T
t > 2T,
2T < t 3T, y(t) = tT d = tT 12 t2 + 32 T 2
t T 2T
2T
x(t )
tT
y(t)
3T 2 /2
t T > 3T t > 3T, y(t) = 0

T 2 /2
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
2T
3T t
14 / 15

Ejemplo 2
(
x(t) =
1,
0,
0<t <T
,
resto
(
h(t) =
x( )
t, 0 < t < T
0, resto
2T
h( )
t 0, y(t) = 0
(
Rt
2
t>0
0 < t T, y(t) = 0 d = t2
tT 0
(
R
t T > 0,
t
T < t 2T, y(t) = tT d = tT 21 T 2

t 2T
(
R 2T
t > 2T,
2T < t 3T, y(t) = tT d = tT 21 t2 + 32 T 2
t T 2T
2T
x(t )
tT
t
y(t)
3T 2 /2
t T > 3T t > 3T, y(t) = 0

y(t) =
+
t2
u(t) 12 (t T )2 u(t T ) + 2T 2 12 t2 u(t 2T )+
2
3 2
t
tT
T
u(t
3T
)
2
2
`21
Sistemas Lineales
T 2 /2
t
0
2T
3T
14 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x(t)
x( )h(t )d
1
t
h(t)
1
e2t
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h(t)
1
e2
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
e2
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
e2
h( + t)
1
Sistemas Lineales
3t
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
h(t )
h( + t)
t3
x( )h(t )d
h( )
1
e2
Sistemas Lineales
3t
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
e2
h(t )
t3
t 3 < 0 t < 3, y(t) =
y(t)
R t3
e2 d = 12 e2(t3)
t
0
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
e2
h(t )
t3
t 3 < 0 t < 3, y(t) =
y(t)
t 3 0 t 3, y(t) =
t
0
R t3
R
0
e2 d = 12 e2(t3)
e2 d =
1
2
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

Ejemplo 3
y (t) = x(t) h(t) =
e2t u(t)
x(t) =
h(t) = u(t 3)
x( )
x( )h(t )d
h( )
e2
h(t )
t3
0
t 3 < 0 t < 3, y(t) =
y(t)
t 3 0 t 3, y(t) =
1/2
t
0
R t3
R
0
e2 d = 12 e2(t3)
e2 d =
1
2
i
1
1h
y(t) = e2(t3) +
1 e2(t3) u(t 3)
2
2
Sistemas Lineales
15 / 15

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Tema 3.

Convoluciones continuas y discretas

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Definicin y propiedades

Conmutativa: x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Definicin y propiedades

Conmutativa: x[n] h[n] = h[n] x[n]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =

x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =

x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos

y [n] = x[n] h[n] =

h[n] = u[n] u[n 3]

M.. Martn Fernndez (ETSI Telecom.)

x[k]h[1 k] = x[0]h[1] + x[1]h[0] =

x[k]h[2 k] = x[0]h[2] + x[1]h[1] =

Convolucin discreta. Ejemplos