ISL 5- SURF THE INTERNET, LOOK FOR THIS DETAIL.

A) B) C) YES/NO QUESTIONS INFORMATION QUESTIONS TAG QUESTIONS

Tag question
By Richard Nordquist, About.com Guide Filed In: 1. Grammar & Rhetoric Glossary 2. > Taboo - Zimbabwean English

Definition: A question added to a declarative sentence, usually at the end, to engage the listener, verify that something has been understood, or confirm that an action has occurred. Common tags include won't you? wasn't it? don't you? haven't you? okay? and right? See also:

Declarative Question Narrative Eh Negation Queclarative Twelve Types of Questions in Casablanca

Examples and Observations:

"If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?" (Albert Einstein)

"There's nothing more exhilarating than pointing out the shortcomings of others, is there?" (Randal Graves in Clerks)

"I like New York in June, How about you? I like a Gershwin tune, How about you?" (B. Lane and Ralph Freed, "How About You")

"A toothbrush is a non-lethal object, isn't it?" (Morgan Freeman as Red in The Shawshank Redemption, 1994)

"This time we almost made the pieces fit, didn't we? This time we almost made some sense of it, didn't we? (Jim Webb, "Didn't We?")

"Now eventually you might have dinosaurs on your dinosaur tour, right?" (Jeff Goldblum as Dr. Malcolm in Jurassic Park, 1993)

"To actually see inside your ear canal--it would be fascinating, wouldn't it?" (Letter from Sonus, a hearing-aid company, quoted in The New Yorker, Mar. 24, 2003)

"I warned you, but did you listen to me? Oh, no, you knew, didn't you? Oh, it's just a harmless little bunny, isn't it?" (Tim in Monty Python and the Holy Grail)

"Question tags are not independent clauses, but they do require a response, and are highly interactive. Structurally, interrogatives are abbreviated yes/no interrogatives consisting of an operator (either positive or negative) and a pronoun,

which repeats the subject or substitutes for it. Question tags are attached to one of the following clause types: o a declarative clause: It was quiet in there, wasn't it? o an exclamative clause: How quiet it was in there, wasn't it? o an imperative clause: Be quiet for a moment, will you? Of these, the declarative is by far the most common." (Angela Downing, English Grammar: A University Course. Taylor & Francis, 2006)

Commas with a tag question "Place a comma between a statement and the brief question that follows it when the subject of the statement and the subject of the question is the same entity (example 1). When they have different subjects, the statement and the question must be punctuated as separate grammatical elements (example 2). Examples 1. George was not there, was he? 2. I will never stay in that hotel again. Will you? (David K Woodroof, Woodroof's Quotations, Commas and Other Things English. iUniverse, 2005)

yes-no question
By Richard Nordquist, About.com Guide Definition: An interrogative construction that expects an answer of "yes" or "no." Contrast with whquestion. See also:

Examples and Observations:

Homer: Are you an angel? Moe: Yes, Homer. All us angels wear Farrah slacks. (The Simpsons)

"Directing a movie is a very overrated job, we all know it. You just have to say 'yes' or 'no.' What else do you do? Nothing. 'Maestro, should this be red?' Yes. 'Green?' No. 'More extras?' Yes. 'More lipstick?' No. Yes. No. Yes. No. That's directing." (Judi Dench as Liliane La Fleur in Nine, 2009)

Principal McGee: Are you just going to stand there all day? Sonny: No ma'am. I mean, yes ma'am. I mean, no ma'am. Principal McGee: Well, which is it? Sonny: Um, no ma'am. (Eve Arden and Michael Tucci in Grease, 1978)

The yes-no question is found in three varieties: the inverted question, the typical exemplar of this kind; the inverted question offering an alternative (which may require more than a simple yes or no for an answer); and the tag question: Are you going? (inversion) Are you staying or going? (inversion with alternative) You're going, aren't you? (tag) The inverted question merely inverts the subject and the first verb of the verb phrase of the corresponding statement pattern when that verb is either a modal or an auxiliary verb or the verb be and sometimes have. The question itself may be positive or negative: She is leaving on Wednesday. Is she leaving on Wednesday? . . . A positive question appears to be neutral as to the expected response--yes or no. However, a negative question seems to hold out the distinct possibility of a negative response. Are you going? Yes/No. Aren't you going? No. (Ronald Wardhaugh, Understanding English Grammar: A Linguistic Approach. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003)

"There are many different ways to format questions on a survey. Let's say you want to measure people's attitudes toward premarital sex. You could ask a simple yes-no question: Are you in favor of premarital sex? ___ Yes ___ No Or you could use a Likert-type scale where the question is phrased as a statement." (Annabel Ness Evans and Bryan J. Rooney, Methods in Psychological Research, 2nd ed. Sage, 2011)

Information Questions (#1), by Dennis Oliver

Information Questions (#1)

The answers for simple questions in English are "Yes," "No," or "I don't know" (or its equivalent). The answers for information questions are varied--because they are used to ask about specific kinds of information. Information questions are also called "Wh-" questions because many of the words that are used to ask this type of question begin with Wh-.

____________________________________________ Information Questions: Common Question Words Use this question word Who* to ask about people (names and other identifying information) used as subjects*

Whom*

people (names and other identifying information) used as objects* things (subject or object) ownership

What

Whose* ( + noun) Where When What time What . . . do Why* What ( + noun)

locations (places) time (general) time (specific) actions (verbs) reasons one part of a group (when all of the parts are not known) one part of a group (when the parts are known) descriptive names for categories colors manner; methods number (used with countable nouns)

Which ( + noun)

What kind of ( + noun) What color How How many ( + noun)

How much ( + noun) How long*

quantity (used with uncountable nouns) duration (periods of time); length distance age degree or extent

How far* How old How ( + adjective or adverb)

____________________________________________

Special Notes

1.

In careful writing and speaking, who is used for subjects and whom is used for objects, but in "relaxed" (casual) speech, who is often used for both subjects and objects. The difference in meaning is clear, however, because the grammar for subject and object questions is different (to be treated later). Whose (for ownership) sounds the same as Who's ( = Who is or Who has), but their meanings are quite different. Two idiomatic "Why" questions are very commonly heard in everyday conversation: How come? and What for? How come does not use question grammar: it's followed by a statement. What for can be used alone or with What

2.

3.

at the beginning and for at the end. Except for this requirement, it uses question grammar.

4.

How far is normally used in this way: How far is it . . . . .?

5.

How is also common with adjectives used in measurements: How tall / How heavy / How long (length) / How wide / How big, etc.

Wh - Questions

Wh- Questions Click for Audio Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics. They are as follows: When? Time Where? Who? Why? How? What? Place Person Reason Manner Object/Idea/Action

Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information: Which (one)? Choice of alternatives Whose? Whom? How much? How many? How long? How often? How far? What kind (of)? Possession Person (objective formal) Price, amount (non-count) Quantity (count) Duration Frequency Distance Description

The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the "subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing being asked about with the appropriate wh-word. Who has my (Someone has my baseball.) baseball? (Something is bothering you.) What is bothering you?

For the predicate pattern, wh- question formation depends on whether there is an "auxiliary" verb in the original sentence. Auxiliary or "helping" verbs are verbs that precede main verbs. Auxiliary verbs are italicized in the following sentences. I can do it. They are leaving. I have eaten my lunch. I should have finished my homework. To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence. (You will leave some time.) ? will you leave When will you

leave? ? is he doing What is he doing? (They have been somewhere.) ? have they been Where have they been? If there is no auxiliary and the verb is "be," invert the subject and verb, then add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence. (He is someone.) ? is he Who is he? (The meeting was some time.) ? was the meeting When was the meeting? If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main verb to the word do. (You want something.) ? do you want What do you want? (You went somewhere.) ? did you go (past tense) Where did you go? (She likes something.) ? does she like (third person -s) What does she like? http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/wh_questions.html (He is doing something.)

ISL 8- Repair a short advertisement to advertise a product using suitable language. Why you should use LISTERINE TOTAL CARE?

The Most Advanced &Complete LISTERENE The only multi-benefits mouthwash proven to help you achieve 6 key signs of a healthy mouth that your dentist usually looks for.

Introducing the NEW LISTERINE TOTAL CARE!!!! LISTERINE TOTAL CARE works alongside with brushing to achieve total oral health. It is proven to offer 6 superior benefits. There are 6 key signs that dentists look for in a healthy mouth. They include: No visible plaque Tartarfree Healthy gums and soft tissue.

No cavity

Healthy natural teeth

Fresh breath

However, brushing alone will not help you to achieve all the signs above because it can still leave behind oral bacteria that can cause oral problems. Why? This is because brushing only cleans 23% of your mouth.

Rinse with LISTERINE TOTAL CARE twice a day after brushing as it is able to get to those hard to reach areas where brushing alone may miss!!!!!!!!

ISL 13- In a group, surf the net. Select an article and evaluate it and write a short summary. Health Benefits of Green Tea By Jade Yap The word tea comes from the word Thea which is a name of a goddess. Some historians assert that tea was first consumed in China to add flavor to water that was boiled to protect people from bacterial contamination. In 1211, a Japanese monk wrote a book in which he said, Tea is miraculous medicine for the maintenance of health. Tea has the extraordinary power to prolong life. Anywhere a person cultivates tea, long life will follow. The sixteenth-century European explorers who first tried tea reported that it was used to treat fever, headache, joint, pain and stomachache. Today green tea is getting public attention for its positive effects on health. This is due to the power of its constituents which include chlorophyll, vitamins C and E, manganese, potassium and zinc. Green tea contains the most polyphenols which make up of 15 percent to 30 percent of its weight. The polyphenols in green tea are recognized as anticarcinogens which helps to strengthen blood vessel walls. Research indicates that consuming green tea can lower the rate of esophageal cancer, mouth cancers and gastric cancers. Surveys of Japenese tea drinkers show that those who consume four to six cups of green tea a day have lower levels of breast, esophageal, liver, lung and skin cancers than those who consume less green tea or none at all. One study indicate that 6000 Japanese women, all non- drinkers and non-smokers over 40, who drank about five cups of green tea a day had a fifity percent decrease in the risk of stroke. Researchers reported that even cigarette smokers who consumed green tea had a forty-five percent lower risk of cancer than nontea drinkers. Although Japan has one of the highest rates of smokers in the world, it has one of the lowest rates of lung cancer among developed nations.

Green tea is a hypotensive which lowers blood pressure and increases blood flow to the heart. Many Asians have been consuming green tea with meals and this practice is now proving to reduce arterial disease. Many heart attack are brought on by blood platelet aggregation. Green tea prevent the blood from clumping together and forming clots that can lead to stroke. Green tea has been used throughout history to improve ailments such as allergies, arteriosclerosis, asthma, cholera, colds, congestion, coughs, depression, diarrhea, digestive infections, dysentery, fatigue, hangovers, hepatitis and migraines. Green tea also helps to prevent dental decay by inhibiting the bacteria streptococcus mutants, which are responsible for plaque formation. It is traditionally consumed after a meal to leave the mouth feeling fresh and clean. However, excessive use of green tea can cause nervous irritability and aggravate ulcers and those with hypertension and insomnia should consider avoiding it. With so many health benefits, it would be wise to consider switching from coffee to tea. Summary: Green tea is being recognized today for its health benefits. It is rich in vitamins and minerals. It contains polyphenols, anticarcinogens which help to strengthen blood vessel walls. This lowers the chances of getting mouth and gastric cancers. According to studies in Japan, smokers or non-smokers stand a lower chance of getting cancer if they drink green tea regularly. Green tea also lowers blood pressure and increases blood flow to the heart, so it prevents the blood from forming clots that can lead to stroke or heart attack. It prevents dental decay by inhibiting the bacteria responsible for plaque formation. Green tea has also been used to relieve a number of ailments too. Lastly, consuming tea after a meal leaves the mouth feeling fresh and clean. (126 words)

ISL 14- Individually, write paragraph which contain topic sentence, suppoting details and concluding sentences. Courtesy Begins At Home Given the hectic pace of life that many of us are leading now, it is easy to forget to be courteous to those around us. This need not be the case. As long as we make the effort to be polite to everybody, life need not be unpleasant. Courtesy can begin right from the home as we tend to take our family members for granted. For a start, you can greet your family members when you see them in the morning. Nothing beats a pleasant greeting the first thing in the morning. Give your mother a helping hand. Instead of waiting for her to tell you to help her with the household chores, take the initiative to do them yourself. You can help her to vacuum the floor, wash the dishes, clean up the dining table and so forth. For a change, talk to your younger siblings politely. You will be surprised at the response you get. They will talk properly to you. It is not that all difficult to be courteous. All it takes is a little effort on our part and everything will be so much more pleasant. In conclusion, it is a good to be polite and courteous, humble and unpretentious when we are interacting with others. We must always respect our family members, teachers, friends and neighbors. Peace and harmony can be promoted when we observe courteous conduct and speech in our interaction with other members of our society.

ISL 9- Listen to different opinions from various sources such as news, article from internet, forum and discuss the argument. Make a summary of groups opinion. The following two reports have appeared in the local newspaper. Report A A study has found that there are high amounts of sulphur dioxide in Malaysia. Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain which has long been recognized as one of the symptoms of air pollution. Sulphur dioxide is the result of gases emitted from industrialized areas. When acidic residues from sulphur dioxide enter the soil and water, it destroys fertile agriculturalland and kills certain freshwater fish. Report B A private company intends to build an industrial plant in the Klang Valley. It will be beneficial to the Malaysian economy as the plant will offer many job opportunities and will generate profits for the economy.

Economic profit is important to a country and its people, but so is clean and healthy environment. However, we think that maintaining our environment should be the uppermost task. Sulphur dioxide pollutes the air, land and sea. As such, our other economic interests like fishing and agriculture will be threatened if we continue to allow sulphur dioxide to be produced by factories and heavy industries. More importantly, sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid are detrimental to our health. Allowing the emission of sulphur dioxide is in effect allowing ourselves to be slowly poisoned by the air we breathe, the food we eat and the water we drink. Short-term benefits like economic profit cannot make up for the long-term destruction to our environment. If we allow our environment to be polluted, future generations will also be affected ny the pollution. We have the responsibility to ensure that we leave behind a healthy environment for our children. In conclusion, we would like to re-affirm by saying that the benefits of maintaining a clean environment far outweigh the benefits of economic profit.

ISL 10- Individually, read an article/newspaper/ magazines/ journals/ internet. Organize the information in graphic organizer. Gambling By Abraham Sung If there were two birds sitting on a fence, he would bet you which one would fly first.(MARK TWAIN). Gambling is a social ill like substance abuse that thrives on secrecy. Together with alcoholism and drug addiction, they constitute the major problem that society is facing now. In our country, gambling is widespread. Legally a person can patronize the 4-digit shops, the turf clubs and the gambling casino at Genting Highlands. Illegally a person can patronize a multitude of gambling operations run by thugs and racketeers. Be it legal or illegal, gambling is a big business that does not show any sign of abating. If we just look into one of the many 4-digit shops when it is open, we will no doubt see a crowd of people jostling with one another to buy their numbers. Often some numbers are sold out very quickly. There are also certain hot numbers that the shops refuse to sell, for they ha ve a habit of being drawn often. Just why is it that people willingly spend their hardearned money one pieces of paper that is designed to make money for the operators? The reasons are complex. Gamblers believe in streaks. A greedy person is someone who always wants more, and in essence a person gambling is looking to get more than they have. However one of my friends, who buy 4-digit ticket regularly, gave me a reason on why he gambles. He told me that he started buying certain numbers hoping for them to win a prize. As time went on, the numbers still did not come out. After a year of buying the numbers he could not possibly stop. He feared that if he stopped, one of his numbers might come out and he would have missed his chance. He would have lost a lot of money and he

figured it is stupid to invest so much money only not to win any in return because he did not buy the numbers for one particular draw. So he keeps on pumping his money on shaky dream. Even if he wins something eventually, most likely his winnings cannot cover the amount he has invested. He is a certain loser. I suppose many others punters share his opinion. They cannot stop. They have staked too much already. In short, they are addicted. Gambling is considered to be addictive to many people, and depending on the degree of your addiction and it can affect your life in more places than just your wallet. People engage in gambling through its ever-present incentive. The incentive in gambling is most commonly a financial reward, but it may also be many other different things. Thus, these gamblers carry on regardless what happen to them. I have heard of people who borrow money to gamble. Some of them even steal to finance their gambling needs. I know a friend who gambled his college fees away on horse-racing. His father gave him a proper lecture and he promised to repent. At last, he never did. His father had personally pay all the fees. Even so, this chap somehow or other would get some money from somewhere just to visit the turf club. He is perpetually broke. We avoid him like the plague. He is an example of a person who would do almost anything to feed his gambling habits. He has cried and lamented in front of me for a few ringgits. He has no dignity left. I do not know what to do with him except give him some advice. Advice is of no avail anyway. Such is a state of hard-core gamblers. They have lost touch with reality. They are living in a world of shattered hopes and dreams. They convert their houses into all-night mahjong dens. They neglected their families and involved themselves in illegal activities. They sometimes dwell in black magic to ask for luck and favours in their gambling pursuits, not realizing they are virtually selling their souls to the devil. Their lives deteriorated. Their relationships with friends and families become strained. They are strangers to others and onto themselves.

Without a strong will and some outside help, an addicted gambler has very little hope of getting out of his predicament. Unless he changes his attitudes and lifestyle he would probably carry on as he has always been doing. He will not find any happiness in anywhere. Gambling can give him nothing but grief. Gambling problems can lead to the final and most brutal effect and that is a mental problem, in which the person may lie to family members, therapists or others to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling or even has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling. They can become broke, despondent, and bitter, overwhelmed, or feel hopeless, they might also try to commit illegal acts that can lead to mental problems, in which they might commit illegal acts such as forgery, fraud, or theft, in order to finance gambling. Shattered life, broken homes, poor health, poverty and over-whelming problems follow the person who becomes addicted to gambling. At least a quarter or maybe more of all family disruptions, neglected or abused children, divorces, impoverishment, mental breakdowns and suicides can be traced back to the negative effects of gambling. It is definitely something to be avoided.

Graphic Organizer

Gambling

A social illness in society

Reasons Gamblers believe in streaks. - Greediness - A greedy person is someone who always wants more, and in essence a person gambling is looking to get more than they have. Hard-core gambler lost touch with reality -They are living in a world of shattered hopes and dreams.

Effect

Their life deteriorated -They involved themselves in many illegal activities They neglect their families and friends. -Their relationship with friends and families become strained. Over-whelming problems -Shattered life, broken homes, poor health, poverty, feels hopeless and despondent. Family disruptions, neglected or abused children, divorces, impoverishment can be traced back. They might try to commit illegal acts which can lead to mental problems.

ISL 16-In group, taking into account the peer feedback. Redraft the outline for the narrative or descriptive essay. Holidays in Kuala Lumpur During the midyear holidays, I spent a few days with my cousins in Kuala Lumpur. My cousins took me on a sightseeing tour around the city. Even we were in the bus, I could see skyscrapers of concrete and glass towering above complexes of modern architecture. We first visited KL Tower. Standing majestically a top Bukit Nanas, the 421 metre tower is visible from a distance. The elevators took us to the Tower Head and we had a birds eye view of the whole city. We devoured some snacks while enjoying the view from the revolving restaurant at the Tower Head. Among the mesmerizing sights was the majestic KLCC Twin Towers, the worlds tallest buildings. We finished more than two rolls of film, taking snapshots of all the beautiful sights. On our next stop was the Central Market, located right in heart of the city. Once a wet market, it has now been transformed to a bustling handicraft bazaar. After grabbing a few souvenirs and a quick lunch, we took a bus to the National Mosque. Along the thirty-minute ride, we passed Merdeka Square. We felt a sense of pride as we recalled this was the site where Malaysias flag was raised on 31st August 1957 to mark the countrys independence. At National Museum, we were taken on a journey of Malaysias glorious past. We view the historic relics of earlier civilizations, arts and crafts and many other exhibits. We were particularly fascinated by the life- size models depicting a royal Malay wedding. Our last destination for the day was the Lake Gardens, which was just a stones throw away from the National Museum. After a leisurely stroll around the sprawling gardens which were beautifully landscaped, we made a beeline home.

1. KL Tower -Bukit Nanas -421m high -birds eye view -revolving restaurant at the Tower Head

2. Central Market -handicraft bazaar -formerly wet market

3. National Museum -historical relics -Cultural Gallery-Life size models depicting royal Malay Wedding

4. KLCC Twin Towers -majestic - W orlds tallest building.

5. Merdeka Square -historical significance -Malaysian flag raised to mark independence

6. Lake Garden -behind museum -beautifully landscaped.