CFX-5000v10

Introduction to Major NEs

The Nokia Siemens Networks CFX-5000 v10 (CFX-5000) provides first class Proxy, Interrogating, Serving Call Session Control functionality (P-, I-, SCSCF), and additional standardized roles and functional extensions. The Nokia Siemens Networks CMS-8200 v10 (CMS-8200), provides first class home subscriber server (HSS) functionality. In addition, CMS-8200 can act as subscription locator function (SLF) and diameter routing agent (DRA). In IMS 10, both Nokia Siemens Networks OpenBGW and ACME Net-Net 4500 BG are used as Border Gateway as part of the decomposed border control function (SBC) of the CFX-5000.

OpenBGW
The NSN OpenBGW solution is based on the Open Multimedia Gateway running on the Nokia Siemens Networks ATCA hardware platform, which uses commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The Open BGW implements the 3GPP IMS Access Gateway (IMS-AGW), Access Transfer Gateway (ATGW) and Transition Gateway (TrGW) functions. Open BGW supports the following functionalities: Security Protection: DoS protection, Media pinholing, Voice media pinholing, Topology Hiding, Privacy, Physical traffic separation, IPSec for O&M and control traffic , security reporting and audit trail. Service Reach: GSMA IR.92 compliance, IPv4, IPv6 interworking, eSRVCC (ATGW) support, NAT traversal, Redundancy, Load balancing. SLA Assurance: IP Connection Admission control, QoS management, IP Realm specific statistics, Real time media QoS monitoring with Nelmon/Traffica

IMS-based Network Solutions

PCRF: The two key functions of PCRF are: Policy-based network resource control Exchange of charging correlation identifiers between IMS and access networks supports the exchange of IMS charging identifiers (ICID) and access network charging identifiers (ANCID), such as GGSN charging identifiers (GCID) between IMS and the access networks. PCMM Policy Server: The PacketCable multimedia-(PCMM-) compliant policy server for cable access provides the following key functions: Managing the relationships between the cable modem termination system (CMTS) and the P-CSCF. In CMTS, the PCMM policy server is responsible for policy decision by implementing multiple-service-operator-(MSO-) defined authorization and resource-management procedures. In P-CSCF, the PCMM policy server is responsible for policy enforcement by proxying gate control messages to and from the CMTS. Sending policy event messages to the record keeping server (RKS) to ensure that subscribers are appropriately billed for their use of network resources. Applying resource control domain (RCD) policies Sending policy event messages to the record keeping server (RKS) to ensure that subscribers are appropriately billed for their use of network resources.

 Access Gateway Control Function: An AGCF acts as a transition point from H.248 to SIP. It is connected directly to the I-CSCF, E-CSCF or S-CSCF via the Mw interface and includes P-CSCF functionality: managing SIP registrations, generating asserted identities, and creating charging identifiers. The AGCF provides interworking between SIP and analog signaling: Towards the IMS domain, it acts as a SIP user agent; Toward the AGWs, it provides dial-tone patterns and processes mid-call events using the H.248 protocol on the P1 interface. Multi Service Access Node: SIP-MSANs hide analog signaling from the IMS, which will only see IMS subscribers connected to the P-CSCF. The SIP-MSAN acts as a SIP user agent for analog subscribers and is connected to the IMS via the Gm interface. It acts as a large scale gateway. Media Gateway Control Function: The media gateway control function (MGCF) is used for the interworking between the SIP-based VoIP service of IMS and the voice services of the CS/PSTN domains. It performs the signalling conversion from SIP to the integrated services digital network user part (ISUP) and vice versa. The CFX-5000 breakout gateway control function (BGCF) is connected over the Mj interface with the MGCF, whereby SIP/SDP is used for the information transfer. SIP/SDP is also used for the information transfer over the Mg interface, which connects the S-/I-CSCFs and the TRCF with the MGCF.

 Media Gateway: It performs the IMS bearer (voice) traffic conversion, for example, from the RTP/UDP transport used in IMS to the time-division multiplex (TDM) transport used in the CS/PSTN domains, and vice versa. The MGW is able to perform transcoding if needed, for example, when the codec used in IMS differs from the codec used in the CS/PSTN domains. Application Server: A wide range of attractive services for subscribers can be provided with all types of application server (AS) via the 3GPP standardized ISC interface on the S-CSCF. Examples for standard services are MMTel or IP Centrex voice services, video services, instant messaging or presence services. Another standardized interface, the Sh interface, enables application servers, to store, retrieve, and synchronize service-specific data in the HSS. Media resource function (MRF): provides features for bearer-level tones and voice/video announcements, as well as for voice/video conferencing on a project-specific basis. Billing System:The network operators billing system (BS) can collect charging data record files delivered by the S-CSCF, E-CSCF and TRCF over the Bi interface. Using FTP or SFTP, the charging records are transferred to the BS. The BS is provided in the operators management network and can incorporate a mediation device.

 Charging Data Function and Charging Gateway Function: The charging data function (CDF) and the charging gateway function (CGF) in the operators network can generate CDRs from the IMS-specific charging information. The CDRs are contained in the Diameter accounting requests (charging information) delivered by an S-CSCF, E-CSCF, P-CSCF and TRCF over the Rf interface. The CDF receives the delivered charging information via the ACR message and generates CDRs from the input. The CDRs are sent to the CGF, which creates CDR files and transfers the files to the BS. Online Charging System: For online charging, an online charging system (OCS) is required, which performs the following main functions: Hosting user accounts Performing user account balance management Unit determination Allocating appropriate charging rates for individual sessions IP Infrastructure Devices: In addition to the NEs and components described above, other IP infrastructure devices, for example, DNS and NTP, as well as routers and firewalls are required in the core network.

 Network Attachment Subsystem :The network attachment subsystem (NASS) provides initialization of end-user functions for accessing ETSI TISPAN-based next generation network (NGN) services. These functions provide transport layer identification/authentication, manage the IP address space of the access network, and authenticate access sessions. The NASS handles registration at the access level, and provides the following functionalities: Dynamic provisioning of IP addresses and other end-user device configuration parameters Auto-discovery of end-user device capabilities and other parameters Authentication of end user and network at the IP layer Authorization of network access based on user profiles Access network configuration based on user profiles Location management at the IP layer using connectivity location function (CLF) Over the e2 interface, the CFX-5000 P-CSCF uses the NASS as part of the fixed access network, to obtain a mapping between IP addresses and location identifiers. This information is required for NASS-bundled authentication, and may also be used in conjunction with emergency calls.

 The Nokia Siemens Networks CFX-5000 v10 provides the complete feature set of CSCF as specified in the 3GPP Technical Specifications (TS) 23.218 and 23.228. It supports the following roles defined by 3GPP: Proxy call session control function, which includes also the access border control function (P-CSCF/A-BCF/IMS-ALG) Interrogating call session control function (I-CSCF) Serving call session control function (S-CSCF) Emergency call session control function (E-CSCF) Transit routing control function (TRCF) Interconnection border control function (I-BCF) Breakout gateway control function (BGCF) Mobility control function (MCF), standardized as VCC-AS in 3GPP Access Transfer Control Function (ATCF) Feature expansion environment (FEE) The CFX-5000 implements the 3GPP Iq and Ix interfaces for Access and Interconnection Border control Functions (A/I-BCF) to control the respective BGF without the need of a dedicated standalone SPDF. Load Balancing functionality at the Client Interface (Gm-IF)

CFX-5000 v10 Functional Elements

CFX-5000 Roles and Functional Extensions

CFX-5000 v10 Interfaces and Protocols

Protocol Stacks of the CFX-5000 SIP/SDP/H.248 Signaling Interfaces

Protocol Stacks of the Diameter-based, OAM, DNS/DHCP, and Billing System Interfaces