LIII 2013

:
. , ,
,
XIX . ,
1912. .
. , , ,

.
,

.
: , , , ,
, , , .

XIX
.
, 1830. ,
,
.

.
1 ,
.
,
. (. )
.2
(1833 -1862) ,
, I (1863-1913) ,
. . , , , 2000.
2
. , .., 49.
1

265

.
3
(),
.
, ,
,
.

1:

XX .
1860. .
, , ,



.4 ,
-, .
,
.
4
, 1804-1914,
, 1995, 72.
3

266

1866. . , 1867. .
.

.
, , , .
,
.
,
1866-1868. 1912.
. .

2:
1903-1908 .

3:
,

20

1878. .,
. , ,
, .
,

. (1877-1878)
.
,
.

267

,
, .
.
.
status quo , . ,
, , .
. , .
. ,
.
, ,
. , ,
, ,
.
27. 1870. . ( )
, .5
1903. ., ,

. , ,
,
.
(1884),
(1886) (1894).6 (1893)
, ,
. ,
. (),
XIX , .7
,
1903. . .
, ,
, ,
.
( ), ( ),
( ) .
.

1903-1908. (. )
Basil C. Gounaris, National Claims, Conflicts and Developments in Macedonia, 18701912, The history of Macedonia-edited by Ioannis Koliopoulos Thessaloniki 2007, 183.
6
Stanford J. Shaw, Ezel Kural, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey,
volume II, Cambridge, 1977, 209.
7
Mia Gleni, Balkan 1804-1999, knjiga I, Beograd, 2001, 165.
5

268

.
,
.8
, ,
.
,
.9
.
,
, ,
22.000 .10
1905. . ,
, .11
1908. ., , , ,

.

4:
, , , 1908, 45.
. , ., 74.
10
22 000
25.8.1903 . . ., ., 54.

., ., 386.
8
9

269

1900-1912 (
, ) .

.
,
.
, , ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
, 1903. 1908. ,
.12
status quo

. ,
,

.
, . ,
, .

. 25. 1908.
.13
1911 .,
.14
.
.
1909.
, 1910.
.15 ,
, . ,

, , ,
. ,
, ,
.
, 19031908, , LIX (2010), 366-367.
13
, 1453, , 2005,507.
14
Holland.J Rose, The origins of the war, New York, 1915, 130-131.
15
C. Kerofilas, Elefterios Venizelos, his life and work, London, 1915, 15-17.
12

270

, .16
,
, , ,
, . ,
XIX , 1912.
- ,
(1866-1868),

status quoa.17

5:

- 1897. ,
1912. . , ,
, .18
22.134 ,
1904. 28.000 .19

200.000, ,
.
Vincent J. Seligman, The victory of Venizelos, a study of greek politics 1910-1918,
London, 1920,15-16.
17
. , . , 138.
18
, , , 2008, 674.
19
C. Kerofilas, ., 75.
16

271

,
.
.20
1912. ,
.21

, .
21
.
, . (triangular
division).22 1914. .

, : , ,
. ,
23 ,
. ,
. 1910.
.
1910. , ,
: (1890), (
1889) - , (, , ,
, .), , 18 , 1912.
.24 ,
, .

. 1910. .
1913. .25
.
,
.
,
. , ., 81
C. Kerofilas, ., 75.
22
Edward. J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, the Ottoman Army in the Balkans 1912-1913,
Westport, 2003, 70.
23
(. )
.
. 600 ,
.
24
D.J. Cassavetti, Hellas and Balkan wars, London, 1914, 31-32.
25
Zisis Fotakis, Greek naval and strategy and policy 1910-1919, Routledge, 2005,
25-35.
20
21

272

.
.
,
, , , .
18. 1908.
.26
,
. ,
( 1908 1911.
) .
1912. , , 336.742
.27
.
8. 1912. .

.28
, , 18.
. :
,
, ,
, .29 (29. ),
, ,
.30
115.000 . ,
, 2500
2000
1903-1908.31 , , ,
, ,
,
.32
.

. , . ,
Bernd Langensiepen, Ahmet Guleryuz, The Ottoman Steam Navy 1828-1923, Lon
don, 1995, 14.
27
E. J. Erickson, ., 52.
28
, VI-1, , 1994, 189.
29
.
30
Richard. C. Hall, The Balkan Wars 1912-1913, London, 2000, 17.
31
D.J.Cassavetti, ., 62.
32
, 70.
26

273

: 1) 2) .
I ,
, .
,
.

6:

,
1897. .

.
,
.
( ,
) 40.000 ,
-.
. 22.
.33
, ,
.
(22. ) -
.
33

R.C. Hall,., 59.

274

, .
,
, ,
, .
,
, .
. 26.

,
.34
. ( ) 31.

.
(. ).
. , ,
35.000 40.000 . 20.000
, 10.000
,
.35 9 1. , ,
. , 2. 3.
40.
. 14. ,
16
2. 3. .36 , ,
, .
,
2.30 .37 2, 3, 4.
6. .
40, 41. 42.
. - ,
.
, ,
, . ,
64.
.38 -
.
E. J. Erickson, .., 290.
D.J.Cassavetti, ., 92.
36
E. J. Erickson, 221.
37
.
38
E. J. Erickson , 222.
34
35

275

, 1200 ,
1960 .39
,
.
, 5. , ,

.
.
5/6. .40
. ,
3. .
, 5. 20. .
.
. , 20.
(. ).
.41 ,
,
.

7:
R. C. Hall, .., 60.
.
41
, 61.
39
40

276

, .
.
,
. ,
. 6.

, 7. .42
7. . ,
, 43
7. .
- .

8:

,
, .44
D.J. Cassavetti, ., 101.
R. C. Hall, ., 61
44
B. Langensiepen, A. Guleryuz, ., 20.
42
43

277

, ,
- . 26.000
8. ( . , ).

, .
, 7.
.45 , , ,
.
, .

: 15. ,
3500 , 3. 7. ,
1600 , , 2500, 10.
, , 3000
, ,
.46 15.000
5000 ,
.47 ,
(18. ),
, .
, ,
. , 26. ,
.48 ,
, .
2.
. 49 69.
,
, . ,
3. .
.
. ,
, ,
.
, , ,50
R. C. Hall, ., 62.
D.J. Cassavetti, ., 134 -135
47
, 138.
48
R.C. Hall, .., 62.
49
E. J. Erickson, .., 232.
50
R. C. Hall, .., 63.
45
46

278

, .
, .
,
, 25. .
, .
, ,
, .
,
. 20. 1913. .
().
, 1200 .51 ,
, ,
, .
, . ,
,
, .
. 5.
. ,
, ,52 .
.
2, 4, 6. 8. , 9. ,
.53 - 6. 1913. .
. 33.000
, 106 .54 ,
, ( 500 ).
, (
). 24.000
-. , , , 68. , 6.
, 23. .
, .
,
. : (10.
), (16. ), (17. ), (17. )
(18. ). ,
, ,
. , 1.
1914, , ,
.
, 84.
, 90 , 3 2002 , 4-5.
53
E. J. Erickson, .., 303.
54
R. C. Hall, .., 84.
51
52

279

9:

.
,
600.000 : 200.000
400.000
, .55 ,

.
, . 20.
1912. , 27. ,56
. 1.
, .
, . ,
,
.
55
56

D.J.Cassavetti, ., 26. R. C. Hall, ., 17.

R.C.Hall,.., 84.

280

. , 1913.
.
. 16. 1912.
.57
,
. ,

. ,
.
. ,
(. )
( ).58
,
.

10:
57
58

,65.
,84.

11: 1912-1913

281

282

30.
-, ,
.59
Summary
Vladimir Petkovi
GREECES MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE FIRST BALKAN WAR
The formation of the Balkan Union and The First Balkan War were key
factors in the resolution of European Turkeys destiny. Greece as one of the
members of the union, took full participation in the war operations and its
effort contributed to a quicker defeat of the Ottoman Empire. Even though
Greece did not employ the greatest number of soldiers, its war contribution was
huge and its action at sea had critical importance for overall Balkan Alliance
victory. Greeks final aim in the war was already achieved by the end of 1912
and the Greeks army crown glory was when Thessaloniki and Ioannina were
reclaimed. Greece managed to liberate its occupied countrymen and in such
a way fulfil historical desire of its ancestors, who bravely died in the 1821
liberation war and in many uprisings brave people of Crete, in the battle for
Macedonia.
Keywords: Greece, Ottoman empire, Macedonia, Epirus, First balkan war,
Thessaloniki, military operations, front.

59

S. J. Shaw, E. Kural, ., 296.