KINEMATICS ASSIGNMENT -I 1. A train starts from a station with a constant acceleration of 0.40 m s 2 . A passenger arrives at the station 6.

0s after the end of the train left the very same point. What is the least constant speed at which she can run and catch the train ? Ball A is dropped from the top of a building at the same instant when ball B is thrown vertically upward from the ground. When the balls collide, they were moving in opposite directions and the speed of A is twice the speed of B. At what fraction of the height of the building did the collision occur? A baseball is struck by a bat, and 3s later it is caught 30m away. (a) If it was 1m above the ground when struck and caught, what was the greatest height it reached above the ground ? (b) What were its horizontal and vertical components of velocity when it was struck ? (c) What was its speed when it was caught ? (d) At what angle with the horizontal did it leave the bat ? (Neglect air resistance.) A boy stands 4m from a vertical wall and throws a ball. The ball leaves the boys hand at 2m above the ground with initial velocity v =10i +10j m/s. When the ball hits the wall, its horizontal component of velocity is reversed and its vertical component remains unchanged. Where does the ball hit the ground?

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An elevator without a ceiling is ascending with a constant speed of 10m/s. A boy in the elevator throws a ball vertically upward, from a height 2m above the elevator floor, just as the elevator floor is 28 m above the ground. The initial speed of the ball with respect to the elevator is 20m/s. (a) What is the maximum height attained by the ball ? (b) How long does it take for the ball to return to the elevator floor ? A body A begins to move with the initial velocity v=2m/s and continues to move at constant acceleration a. In t=10 sec, after the body A begins to move, a body B departs from the same point with an initial velocity v=12m/s and moves with the same acceleration a. What is the maximum acceleration a at which the body can overtake the body A ? A motorboat going downstream overcame a raft at a point A; 60 minutes later it turned back and after some time passed the raft at a distance 6 km from the point A. Find the flow velocity assuming the duty of the engine to be constant.

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At the moment t=0 a particle leaves the origin and moves along the positive X-axis. Its velocity

varies with time as v=v0 (1-t/T) where v0 is the initial velocity vector with magnitude 10 cm/s; T = 5 sec. Find: (a) the x coordinate of the particle at t=6 sec. t=10 sec. and t=20 sec; (b) the moments of time when the particle is at the distance 10cm from the origin; (c) the distances covered by the particle during the first 4 and 8 sec. 9. A motorboat has two throttle positions on its engine. The high speed position propels the boat at 10 km hr1 in still water and the low position gives half the higher speed. The boat travels from its dock down-stream on a river with the throttle at high position. The return trip took 15% longer time than it did for the down-stream trip. Find the value of the water current in the river. A train starting from rest has to run 1 km to acquire its full speed of 60 km hr1 and half a km to come to rest from the full speed, under the action of its brakes. If some where mid-way between two stations, 1 km of the railway track is under repair and the speed over this span is limited to 20 km hr 1 , find how late (minimum value) the train will be when it reaches the other station, assuming the train otherwise runs at full speed. An elevator car whose floor-ceiling distance is equal to 2.7 m starts ascending with constant acceleration 1.2 m/s2; 2.0 s after the start, a bolt begins falling from the ceiling of the car.Find: (a) the bolts free fall time, (b) the displacement and the distance covered by the bolt during the free fall in the reference frame fixed to the elevator shaft. A boy standing on a long railroad car throws a ball straight upwards. The car is moving on the horizontal road with an acceleration of and the projection velocity in the vertical direction is 9.8 m/s. How far behind the boy will the ball fall on the car ? An aeroplane has to go from a point A to another point B, 500km away due 30 east of north. A wind is blowing due north at a speed of 20 m/s. The air-speed of the plane is 150 m/s. (a) Find the direction in which the pilot should head the plane to reach the point B . (b) Find the time taken by the plane to go from A to B. You throw a ball with a speed of 25m/s at an angle of 40o above the horizontal directly towards a wall. The wall is 22 m from the release point of the wall. a) How long is the ball in the air before it hits the wall ? b) How far above the release point does the ball hit the wall? c) What are the horizontal and vertical components of its velocity as it hits the wall ? d) Has it passed the highest point on its trajectory when it hits ? A ball rolls horizontally off the top of a staircase with a speed of 5ft/s. The steps are 8in. high and 8 in. wide. Which step will the ball hit first ? A particle is projected with a velocity 2 (ag)1/2 so that it clears two walls of equal height a, which are a distance 2a apart from each other. Prove that the time of passing between the walls is 2(a/g)1/2 . The kicker on a football team can give the ball an initial speed of 25 m/s. Within what two elevation angles must he kick the ball if he is to score a goal from a point 50m in front of the goalpost whose horizontal bar is 3.44m above the ground? (You might want to use sin2A+cos2A=1 to get a relation between tan2A and 1/cos2A and then solve the resulting quadratic equation)

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A rocket is launched from rest and moves in a straight line at 70.0o above the horizontal with an acceleration of 46.0 m/sec . After 30.0s of the linear powered flight, the engine is shut off and the rocket follows a parabolic path back to the earth. Assume that he free fall acceleration is 9.8 m\s2 throughout and that effects of the air can be ignored. (a) Find the time of the flight from the launch to the impact? (b) What is the maximum altitude reached? (c) What is the distance from the launched to the impact point? A stone is thrown in such a manner that it would just hit a bird at the top of a tree and afterwards reach a height double that of the tree. If at the moment of throwing the stone the bird fly away horizontally, show that notwithstanding this, the stone will hit the bird if the ratio of its horizontal velocity to that of the bird is( 21/2 +1) / 2 . A particle is projected up an inclined plane of inclination at an elevation to the horizon. Show that : a) tan = cot + 2 tan , if the particle strikes the plane at right angles. b) tan = 2 tan , if the particle strikes the plane horizontally.

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A gun ,kept on a horizontal road, is used to hit a car travelling along the same road away from the gun with a uniform speed of 72 km/h. The car is at a distance of 500 m from the gun, when the gun is fired at an angle of 45 with the horizontal. Find a) the distance of the car from the gun when the shell hits it b) the speed of projection of the shell from the gun.

22. A particle is projected with speed u so as to strike at right angles on a plane through the point of projection inclined at 30 to the horizontal. Find the range R on this inclined plane. 23. A wooden boxcar is moving along a straight railroad track at speed v1. A sniper fires a bullet (initial speed v2 ) at it from a high-powered rifle. The bullet passes through both walls of the car, its entrance and exit holes being exactly opposite to each other as viewed from within the car. From what direction , relative to the track, was the bullet fired ? Assume that the bullet did not deflect upon entering the car, but that its speed decreased by 20 %. Take v1 = 85 km/h and v2 = 650 m/s. ( Why dont you need to know the width of the car ?). 24. A passenger car is driving over a level highway behind a truck. A stone got struck between the double tyres of the rear wheels of the truck . At what distance should the car follow the truck so that the stone will not strike it if it flies out from between the tyres ? Both vehicles have a speed of 50 km/h. 25. A particle moves in the XY plane with constant acceleration w directed along the negative Y-axis. The equation of motion of the particle has the form y = ax - bx2 , where a and b are positive constants. Find the velocity of the particle at the origin of the coordinates. 26. A particle moves in the XY plane with velocity v = a i + bx j where i and j are the unit vectors of the X and Y axes , and a and b are constants. At t = 0, the particle is at the origin. Find the equation of the particle s trajectory y (x). 27. A person travelling eastwards finds that the wind appears to blow directly from north. On doubling his speed, it seems to come from north-east. If he trebles his speed, in what direction it would appear to blow ?

28. A boat is approaching the shore with a speed of 5 3 m/s. At the instant when it is at adistance of 30 3 m from the shore, a stone is to be projected at an elevation of 30o for it to just reach the shore. What should be the speed of the stone relative to the boat ? 29. An elevator is going up with an upward acceleration of 1 m/sec2. At the instant when its velocity is 2 m/ s, stone is projected upward from its floor with a speed of 2 m/s relative to the elevator floor, at an elevation of 30o. (a) Calculate the time taken by the stone to return to the floor. (b) Sketch the path of the projectile as observed by an observer outside the elevator. (c) If the elevator was moving with a downward acceleration equal to g, how would the motion be altered. (d) Find, range of the stone over the floor of the lift. (g = 10 ms-2) 30. Two bodies were thrown simultaneously from the same point : one, straight up, and the other, at an angle of =60o to the horizontal. The initial velocity of each body is equal to v0 = 25 m/s. Neglecting the air drag, find the distance between the bodies t=1.70 s later. 31. Two particles move in a uniform gravitational field with an acceleration g. At the initial moment the particles were located at one point and moved with velocities v1 = 3.0 m/s and v2 = 4.0 m/s horizontally in opposite directions. Find the distance between the particles at the moment when their velocity vectors become mutually perpendicular. 32. From a point in a smooth horizontal plane, a particle is projected with velocity u at an angle to the horizontal. If the coefficient of restitution between the plane and the particle is e, find the distance described along the plane before the particle ceases to rebound. 33. A gun is fired from a moving platform and the ranges of the shot are observed to be R and S when the platform is moving forward or backward respectively with velocity V. Prove that the elevation of the gun

]. 4 V 2 ( R + S) 34. A basketball player throws the ball with initial velocity v0 at an angle with the horizontal to the hoop which is located at a horizontal distance L and at a height h above the point of release, as shown in figure.

is tan 1[

g( R S) 2

(a)

Show that the initial speed required is given by

2 = v0

gL 2 cos (tan h / L)
2

(b) Show that the angle to the horizontal at which it reaches the hoop is given by tan = 2h / L tan 35. Two boats A and B move away from a buoy anchored at the middle of a river along the mutually perpendicular straight lines; the boat A moves along the river, and the boat B moves across the river. Having moved off an equal distance from the buoy, the boats returned. Find the ratio of times of motion of boats tA / tB if the velocity of each boat with respect to water is times greater than the stream velocity. 36. An airplane has a speed of 135 km/hr in still air. It is flying straight north so that it is at all times directly above the north-south highway. A ground observer tells the pilot by radio that a 70 km/hr wind is blowing, but neglects to tell him the wind direction. The pilot observes that in spite of the wind, he can travel 135 km along the highway in one hour. In other words, his ground speed is the same as if there were no wind. (a) What is the direction of the wind ? (b) What is the heading of the plane, that is, the angle between its axis and the highway ? Note: Substituting W for E in the above gives another solution. Two shots are fired from a gun at the top of a cliff with the same speed v0, at angles of projection and respectively. If the shots strike the horizontal through the foot of the cliff at the same point, determine the height of the cliff. Two shells are projected simultaneously from the same point with the same initial velocity so as to move in the same vertical plane, their initial directions of motion being and respectively with the horizontal. Prove that the shells move so that the line joining them makes the same constant angle vertical. 39. Two bodies are projected from the same point with equal velocities in such directions that they both strike the same point on a plane whose inclination is . If be the angle of projection of the first, show that the ratio of their times of flight is sin ( + ) : cos . 40. Two cyclists move towards each other. The first cyclist, whose initial velocity v01 = 5.4 km/h, descends the hill, gathering speed with an acceleration a1 = 0.2 m/s2. The second cyclist, whose initial velocity v02 = 18 km/h climbs the hill with an acceleration a2 = 0.2 m/s2. How long does it take for the cylist to meet if the distance x0 separating them at the initial instant of time is 195 m ?
+ ' with the 2

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KINEMATICS ASSIGNMENT II The velocity of a particle moving in the positive direction of X-axis varies as v = (x)1/2 where a is a positive constant. Assuming that at t=0 the particle is at x=0, find: (a) the time dependence of the velocity and the acceleration of the particle; (b) the mean velocity of the particle averaged over the time that the particle takes to cover the first s meters of the path. A point moves rectilinearly with a deceleration whose modulus depends on the velocity v of the particle as a= (v)1/2 where is a positive constant. At t=0 the velocity is v0. What distance will it traverse before it stops ? What time will it take to cover that distance ? To a close approximation, the pressure behind a bullet varies inversely with the position x of the bullet along the barrel. Thus the acceleration of the bullet may be written as a = k/x where k is a constant. If the bullet starts from rest at x = 7.5 mm and if the muzzle velocity of the bullet is 600 m/s at the end of 750 mm barrel, compute the acceleration of the bullet as it passes the mid point of the barrel at x = 375 mm ? Two trains A and B are approaching each other on straight track, the former with a uniform velocity of 25 m/s and the latter with 15 m/s. When they are 225 m apart, brakes are simultaneously applied to both of them. The deceleration given by the brakes to the train B increases linearly with time by 0.3 m/ s2 every second, while the train A is given a uniform deceleration. (A) What must be the minimum deceleration of A so that the trains do not collide ? (b) What is the time taken by the trains to come to stop ? A particle is thrown up with an initial speed v0 . There is a resisting acceleration kv due to air, which is proportional to the instantaneous velocity v of the particle, k being a constant. Show that the time taken to reach the highest point is given by (1/k) ln ( 1+ v0k/g). At what angle above the horizon should a stone be thrown from a steep bank for it to fall into the water as far as possible from the bank? The height of the bank h = 20m and the initial velocity of the stone v = 14m/s. A man wants to cross a river 500 m wide. His rowing speed (relative to water) is 3000 m/s. The river flows at a speed of 2000 m/h. The mans walking speed on the shore is 5000 m/s. a) Find the path (combined rowing and walking) he should take to get to the point directly opposite his starting point in the shortest time. b) How long does it take ? A battleship steams due east at 24 km/h. A submarine 4 km away fires a torpedo that has a speed of 50 km/h. If the bearing of the ship as seen from the submarine is 20o east of north, a) in what direction should the torpedo be fired to hit the ship, and b) what will be the running time for the torpedo to reach the battleship ? A weightless inextensible rope rests on a stationary wedge forming an angle with the horizontal (Figure). One end of the rope is fixed to the wall at point A. A small load is attached to the rope at point B. The wedge starts moving to the right with a constant acceleration a. Determine the acceleration a1 of the load when it is still on the wedge.

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A B
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Two particles are simultaneously thrown from roofs of two high buildings, as shown in fig. Their velocities of projection are 2 ms 1 and 14 ms 1 respectively. Horizontal and vertical separation between points A and B is 22m and 9m respectively.
u = 2 ms 1 A 45 v = 14 ms 1 45 B 9m

22 m

Calculate minimum separation between the particles in the process of their motion. 11. A ball of mass m is thrown at an angle of 45 to the horizontal from top of a 65m high tower AB as shown is fig. Another identical ball is thrown with velocity 20 ms 1 horizontally towards AB from top of a 30m high tower CD one second after the projection of first ball. Both the balls move in same vertical plane. If they collide in mid air.
B 45 10 2 ms 1 65m 20 ms 1 D 30 m

A d

i) Calculate distance AC. ii) During collision, the two balls get stuck together, calculate the distance between A and the point on the ground , at which the combined ball strikes. Given, g = 10 ms 2

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A particle is moving along a vertical circle of radius R = 20m with a constant speed v = 31.4 ms 1 as shown in fig. Straight line ABC is horizontal and passes through the centre of the circle. A shell is fired from point A at the instant when particle is at C. If distance AB is 20 3 m and shell collides with the particle at B, calculate.
B 20 m C

i) ii) 13.

smallest possible value of the angle of projection corresponding velocity u of projection

A particle is projected from point O on the ground with velocity u = 5 5 ms 1 at angle = tan 1 (0.5) . It strikes at a point C on a fixed smooth plane AB having inclination of 37 with horizontal If the particle does not rebound, calculate
B 5 5 ms 1

C 37

O 10 m 3

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co-ordinates of point C in reference to co-ordinate system shown if fig. maximum height from the ground to which the particle rises.

Two identical shells are fired from a point on the ground with same muzzle velocity at angles of elevation = 45 and = tan 1 3 towards top of a cliff, 20m away from point of firing. If both the shells reach the top simultaneously, calculate i) muzzle velocity ii) height of the cliff and iii) time interval between two firings If just before striking the top of cliff the two shells get stuck together, considering elastic collision of combined body with the top, calculate iv) maximum height reached by the combined body.

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A shell of mass m = 700 gm is fired form ground with a velocity 40 ms 1 . At highest point of its trajectory, it collides inelastically with a ball of mass M = 1.3 kg , suspended by a flexible thread of length 1.40m. If thread deviates through an angle of 120 before slackening, calculate i) angle of projection of shell, ii) maximum height of combined body from ground and iii) distance between point of suspension of ball and point of projection of shell.

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A projectile is fired up an incline with an initial speed v0 at an angle to the horizontal, as shown in figure. (a) If the angle of the incline is to the horizontal, find the range along the (b) Find the maximum value of R along the inclined plane inclined plane

v0

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A shot is fired with a velocity u at a vertical wall whose distance from the point of projection is x. Prove that the greatest height above the level of the point of projection at which the bullet can hit the wall is

u4 g 2 x 2 2 gu 2
18. From a point A on a bank of channel with still waters, a man must get to a point B on the opposite side of channel. The man uses a boat to travel across the channel and then walks on the land to reach point B. His rowing and walking speeds are v1 and v2 respectively. Prove that the fastest way for the man to get from A to B is to select 1 and 2 in such a manner that

sin 1 v1 = sin 2 v 2 .

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A particle moving in a straight line is subject to a resistance which produces the retardation kv3, where v is the velocity and k is a constant. Show that the velocity v and the time t are given in terms of the distances by the equations v =
u s 1 , t = + ks 2 1 + kus u 2

21.

A cable attached to the car at A passes over the small fixed pulley at B and around the drum at C. If the vehicle moves with a constant speed v 0 =
dx , determine an expression for the acceleration of a point dt

d 2 P on the cable between B and C in terms of . Also express 2 in terms of . dt

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A plane contains two straight line intersecting each other at an angle . The lines start moving perpendicular to themselves in the same plane as shown in figure, with velocities v1 and v2 respectively. Show that the velocity of the point of intersection of the two lines is

2 v12 + v2 + 2v1v2 cos sin

Assignment I
2 3

1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 8. 9. 11. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 23. 25.

4,8 m/s

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(a) 12.0m (b) 10 m/s; 14.7 m/s (c) 17.8m/s (d) 55.8 13.8m bhind the boy. (a) 76m above the ground (b) 4.1s a=1m/s2. 7. 3 km/hr. (a) x = 0.24m, 0,2m (b) 1.1, 8.9 and 11 sec., (c) 24 and 34 cm respectively. 3 km hr1 10. 160 s (a) 0.7 s; (b) 0.7 and 1.3 m respectively 12. 2m (a) sin 1 (1/15) east of the line AB (b) 50 min
a) 1.15 s b)12 m c) 19.2 m/s, 4.8 m/s d)No.

The third a) Between the angle 31o and 63o above the horizontal. a) 310 sb) 105 km c)139 km.

a) 746.9 m b) 85.56 m/s o 87 from the direction of motion of the car.

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R = 4u2/7g. s = 19.6 m