SPSS LAB

WEEK 9 (08.12.07)

(LINEAR REGRESSION)

[
(ANOVA)].
.
,
(causal relationships),
.
:
1.
.
2.
.
3.

.
4.
(theory building, theory testing)

( IV): (predictor variable), X,

( DV): ,
, (outcome or criterion variable), Y.

 :
1 1 (Simple regression)
2+ 1 (Multiple regression)
:
.
,
(
).
Y
:

Y = + x (+ e)
Y = ( )
= ( )
= (, constant, intercept)
= (gradient, slope)
e = (residual). (
.
).

 , .

LEAST SQUARES ( ). ,

(best-fitting line),

( ).
,
.
,
. ,
,
( ).
.
( ) (
/)
LEAST SQUARES
.
, (
). ,
(
).

Goodness-of-Fit
,
( -1 +1),
.
.
R2 .
() .


, :
1. .
2. (
).
.
3. ,
(homoscedasticity = ;),
.
4. ( > 200 ,
>50 ).

, residuals
(, ). ,

.
(residual plot),
.

SPSS ANALYSE REGRESSION LINEAR

he simple regression analysis performed showed that self-esteem was a significant
predictor of personal fear of invalidity (b= -.545, t= -7.530, p< .01), explaining 26.8%
of variance in the model.

Descriptive Statistics
Mean

Std. Deviation

personal fear of
invalidity scale score

3.5300

.62477

153

mean self-esteem
scale score

3.7160

.59929

153

Correlations

personal fear of
invalidity scale
score
Pearson Correlation

Sig. (1-tailed)

personal fear of
invalidity scale score

1.000

-.522

mean self-esteem
scale score

-.522

1.000

.000

mean self-esteem
scale score

.000

personal fear of
invalidity scale score

153

153

mean self-esteem
scale score

153

153

personal fear of
invalidity scale score

mean self-esteem
scale score

Model Summary(b)

Model
1

R Square

Adjusted R
Square

Std. Error of
the Estimate

.522(a)
.273
.268
.53447
a Predictors: (Constant), mean self-esteem scale score
b Dependent Variable: personal fear of invalidity scale score

ANOVA(b)

Model
1

Regression

Sum of
Squares
16.195

Residual

df

43.135

Mean Square
16.195

151

.286

F
56.694

Sig.
.000(a)

Total

59.331
152
a Predictors: (Constant), mean self-esteem scale score
b Dependent Variable: personal fear of invalidity scale score

Coefficients(a)
Unstandardized
Coefficients

Model

B
1

Standardized
Coefficients

Std. Error

(Constant)

5.554

.272

mean self-esteem
scale score

-.545

.072

a Dependent Variable: personal fear of invalidity scale score

Sig.

Beta

-.522

20.399

.000

-7.530

.000

Histogram
Dependent Variable: personal fear of invalidity scale score
20

Frequency

10

Std. Dev = 1.00

Mean = 0.00
N = 153.00

00
3.
50
2.
00
2.
50
1.
00
1.

0
.5
00
0.

0
-.5 0
.0
-1
0
.5
-1
0
.0
-2
0
.5
-2
0
.0
-3
0
.5
-3

Regression Standardized Residual

Normal P-P Plot of Regression Standardized Residual

Dependent Variable: personal fear of invalidity scale score
1.00

Expected Cum Prob

.75

.50

.25

0.00
0.00

.25

.50

.75

1.00

Observed Cum Prob

.
:
ftp://ftp.soc.uoc.gr/Psycho/Manola/data regression week9.sav


need for cognition, self-esteem.
self-esteem

( need for cognition).
[ cross-sectional studies

. prospective studies
].
self-esteem mean scale
score need for cognition mean scale score.
.

(method: enter). (descriptives)
correlation matrix. Model fit
R2. E histogram normal
probability plots standardised residuals.
:
1. , selfesteem; __________________ need for cognition; ________________________
2. ; ____________
; ____________________________________________
3. need for cognition
self-esteem, ________ ;_______
4.
need for cognition; __________ F; _________________
5. ; ________ ;
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
6. ;
t p-value _____________________________________________
7. plots standardised residuals.
; ______________________________________________________