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Department of Physics Manipal Institute of Technology Subject: Radiation Physics (PHY-322) Open Elective Assignment Questions

1. A small 3.7 108 Bq source is enclosed in a lead shield just thick enough to absorb the beta particles, which have a maximum energy of 2.28 MeV and an average energy of 0.94 MeV. Estimate the rate at which energy is radiated as bremsstrahlung.

2.

(a) What threshold energy must a photon have to produce a photoelectron from Al, which has a work function of 4.20 eV? (b) Calculate the maximum energy of a photoelectron ejected from Al by UV light with a wavelength of 1500 . (c) How does the maximum photoelectron energy vary with the intensity of the UV light?

3.

A halogen quenched GM tube operates at 1kV and has a wire diameter of 0.1mm. The radius of the cathode is 10mm and the tube has a guaranteed life of 106 counts. What is the maximum radial field and how long the counter will last if it is used on an average of 30 hrs. per week at 3000 counts/min.

4. An ionization chamber exposed to a beam of alpha particles registers a current of 4.8 x 10 -13A. On an average 20 alpha particles enter the chamber per second. Assuming that in producing ion pairs 35eV per ion pair energy is needed. Calculate the energy of the alpha particle. 5. Sketch the transfer curve for JFET defined by IDSS = 12 mA and VP = -6V 6. Explain in detail the working principle of differential amplifier. Note: 1. Submit the assignment on or before March 30, 2013. 2. Use A4 sheets for writing the assignment questions.

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