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The topic is to show the importance of Health and Safety to construction works
and how it affects the members of the working community and also how it affects
being well in body and mind and free from disease while Safety is described by the
same dictionary as a condition of being free from danger, harm or risk. Bokinni
building materials from quarries and methods by which the extraction is occurring,
processes.
Health and Safety in Building construction projects should be a major concern for
everybody in the construction industry but it is a pity that it in this part of the world
In the Civil and building construction works which involve excavation, and/or
equipment, use of hand tools and many other operations call for attention from
relevant authorities, regulatory bodies, societies, scientists, professionals and
Health and Safety has not been given enough attention in the construction industry
in Nigeria thereby making the workmen on site prone to accident and may not be
AIM
The aim of this study is to identify the importance of Health and Safety in the
construction industry
OBJECTIVES
industry in Nigeria
industry
companies
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
From the information that will be gathered, the importance of Health and Safety
will be made known to all concerned as far as the Nigerian construction industry is
concerned. This study will also show the dangers of not having a Health and Safety
Regulation to the decisions makers in the construction in the industry. It will also
The study is actually intended to examine the level of Health and Safety that is
being provided in the average Nigerian construction site but with special attention
to the construction sites inside Yaba College of Technology and this is because of
The information gathered for this study will be obtained from books of
from professionals to non-trade tested artisans and other site operatives. The
INTRODUCTION
Health and Safety is an inevitable aspect of construction and this is so because the
only time an employee will perform his duties is when the employee is in good
health and is sure of a safety working condition. This boils to the fact that a worker
will perform his duties to the fullest only when he is sure that even when an
One of the most important things that an employer should provide to his employees
At sites where heavy machinery is being used; it is certain that the level is higher
because of the mechanical movement of parts of such machinery and therefore for
the employee that will be monitoring or operating such machinery will be exposed
to accidents. In a case like this, it should be known that the level of safety that will
be provided will be much more than that of a site where ordinary hand tools are
been used.
Based on the above, we now understand that the level of Safety and Health
construction industry and the accidents that may occur will definitely be more
fatal.
ACCIDENTS ON CONSTRUCTION SITE
Contemporary English). Encarta Dictionary also state that accidents are mishap
which are unplanned and unfortunate events that result into damage, injury or upset
of some kind.
Accidents can occur even when the job to be done is minimal and could be very
disastrous.
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
with a view of preventing a reoccurrence, gather data for use in any criminal or
ACCIDENT REPORTING
progresses. On this note, it makes it important for an accident register book to exist
on site in which all types of minor injuries such as bruises, to major accidents like
should state the date and time of the occurrence, full name and occupation of the
injured person, the place of the occurrence and a brief description of the
circumstance.
Full Name:
Occupation:
Nature of injury/condition:
Place of occurrence:
Action taken:
ACCIDENT CONTROL
When an accident occur , it only shows that something has gone wrong with one or
more process of the job or some elements of carelessness on the part of the workers
site supervisor should put in place all necessary prevention or control materials and
take control of contributory causes of the accident. The employer or site supervisor
should also know the physical and mental state of the workers to be sure of the
In ascertaining a reasonable safety control level, the site supervisor should put into
below:
The work environment
1. All floors should be clean, not slippery and free from debris
2. Stairs, gangways and loading bays should be adequately guarded and maintained
Protective clothing
Provision of protective clothing and equipments are as well important. For safety
• safety helmets
• safety boots
• welding shields
• vision goggles
• Industrial gloves.
FIRST AID
is at hand. For the safety purposes on a construction site a first aid box with all
required materials must be present. A well enlightened person about safety should
be place in charge of the first aid box to administer treatment in case of accident.
A record of accidents and causes should be kept by the person in charge of the box
to ensure such does not re-occur and materials administered should be recorded as
well.
ii. Treatment
diseases and injuries and the adverse effects of excessively long hours of work.
the operators, who in most cases do not have prior skills for operating such
machines or plants.
laid down to guide the employers the workers and their representatives on the
A worker should be assigned duties in relation to his physical and mental health
and skills.
Further, employers should have complete control over their employees and
The company must comply with all provisions of safety and health regulations that
Safety program on a project is set by the prime contractor’s project manager who
maps out a program of safety measures commensurate with the size of the project
doctor.
is a qualified personnel.
• Crew leaders who hold brief meetings with workers under their supervisor
at least once a week to discuss the safety operation of their crew and
workers, and specific problems (held after the safety committee meeting)
• Special mass safety meetings called by the project engineer (all workers
• Safety devices designed to prevent injury and accidents during building and
• Management and supervisors visit the workers and inspect the works and
follows
- To secure the health, safety and welfare of all those who work or visit the
work site.
- To protect persons other than persons listed above against risk to health and
safety arising out of, or in connection with the activities of persons working
on the site.
substance.
This a legislative instrument put in place to ensure that at all times , the safest and
international standard.
It also states the responsibilities at the top management to the general to the
general workforce.
SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS OF THE POLICY.
- The management will make known all the risk and health hazard as far as
- The maintenance manager / safety manager will identify the main hazards on
- In the case of accidents, the procedure laid down for accident reporting will
In order to promote safety awareness on maintenance site, the operators of the site
at all levels should be trained for the safety and health on site. This training
programme are to be arranged at least once every month and must be compulsory
for all site operators. The issues to be treated are listed below;
-Causes of accidents
-Cost of accidents
-Accident preventions
This is a committee that ensures a reduced level of risks to health and safety on site
CLIENT:
The client being the owner and the overall employer should ensure that the
site is in accordance with the provisions of the national building code and also
ensure that the contractor’s company operates a reliable health and safety policy.
CONTRACTOR:
safety as stated by the occupational health and safety act are stated below:
them in good condition and ensure that they are used as prescribed;
• ensure the measures and procedures prescribed are carried out in the
workplace;
• ensure that when appointing supervisors, they are competent with respect to
their responsibilities;
• afford assistance and co-operation to the Occupational Health and Safety
• provide the Occupational Health and Safety Committee with the results of
agents as prescribed ;
EMPLOYEES:
construction site as stated in the occupational and health act are as stated below.
• work in compliance with the provisions of all health and safety procedures
and instructions;
• use or wear the equipment, protective devices or clothing that the employers
• report to the appropriate supervisory staff all known health and safety
hazards;
when the need for removing the protective device has ceased, the original
themselves;
• report accidents and incidents and investigate such reports and further
actions.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The data used for the research was gathered through the use of structured
questionnaire divided into 2 parts; part 1 asks questions on the personal data of the
randomly distributed among the operatives on each site. All questionnaires were
collected and treated and the result will be displayed later in this research.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected are analyzed per question and are therefore tabulated below:
Question a b c d
1 4 8 3
2 11 4
3 0 10 3 2
4 6 9
5 13 2
6 7 5 3 0
7 12 3
8 6 9
9 10 5
Question 10 is an open ended question and it was observed that majority of the
In conclusion, it was derived from the above analysis that the average Nigerian
man is not proactive in the case of occupational health and safety, rather he will
wait till the danger occurs before seeking solution. On this note the following
4. All site operatives should know and be aware of their safety rights.
6. All construction sites must have a well equipped first aid box.
committee.