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What is Cogeneration?
Cogeneration is the simultaneous generation of heat and electricity required for an industrial or commercial process. It is also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP in certain industries). Industries like Chemicals or Distilleries require heat for various processes during the manufacturing of their products. These industries use boilers to generate steam (for heat) using conventional fuels like coal, furnace oil, etc. In addition, they require electricity to run their machinery. They procure electricity from the power plants through electricity distribution companies/electricity boards. The diagram below illustrates that amount of fuel consumed in this conventional manner. From the diagram it is clear that the Cogeneration process leads to less wastage of energy and hence, is more efficient. Efficiency of Conventional Heat & Power Generation vs. Cogeneration What is the difference between Cogeneration and Captive Power Plants? There is a significant difference between a Captive Power Plant (CPP) and a Cogeneration plant. In a CPP setup, the equipment for generating power and equipment for generating process heat are seperate. In a Cogeneration setup, only the excess heat in the steam generated is used and remaining heat is used for the process requirement. Therefore, steam is not specifically generated for power production. The same steam being generated for the process requirement is used to produce power. This makes the cost of fuel ZERO. This is especially true for industries that use their process waste as boiler fuel. Sugar factories use baggase and rice mills use rice husk as boiler fuel which makes the cost of fuel truly zero.
Cogeneration
What is C ogeneration? C ogeneration using Steam Turbines
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