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sin cos
cos sin
tan
sec sec tan
csc csc cot
cot
ln
1
ln
ln
1
1
#
1 $
Product rule:
%&''( & $ &
Quotient rule:
) &'
& &
*
+
)' '
'
Trigonometric identities
Fundamental
1
sin #
csc #
1
cos #
sec #
1
tan #
cot #
sin #
tan #
cos #
cos #
cot #
sin #
# $ # 1
1 $ # # #
1 $ # # #
Integrals
,
-
$3
$1
, cos sin $ 3
, sin cos $ 3
, tan $ 3
Substitution
Integration by parts
'
, &'' &'' , '&'
' $ ' $ 2
7 8' $ 3
9
, $
$
'
'
' $ 1
' ' $ 1
Trig substitution
If 6
If 6
If 6
: ; :
; : -:
; : :
, $ 3
,
4 5 $ 3
1
1
,
# 4 5 $ 3
$
,
$3
ln
Law of cosines
@ $ 2@ 7
Law of sines
@
sin 7 sin 8 A 3
Negatives
Odd functions
sin# sin #
tan# tan #
cot# cot #
csc# csc #
Even functions
cos# cos #
sec# sec #
Addition
sin $ / / $ /
cos $ / / /
tan $ tan /
tan $ /
1 tan tan /
Product-To-Sum
1
/ 1sin $ / $ sin /2
2
1
/ 1sin $ / sin /2
2
1
/ 1cos $ / $ cos /2
2
1
/ 1cos / cos $ /2
2
Cofunction
=
4 5 cos
2
=
4 5 sin
2
=
# 4 5 cot
2
=
# 4 5 tan
2
=
4 5 csc
2
=
4 5 sec
2
Subtraction
/ / /
sin
/ / $ /
cos
tan tan /
/
tan
1 $ tan tan /
$/
/
$ / 2 *
+ 4
5
2
2
$/
/
/ 2 *
+ 4
5
2
2
$/
/
$ / 2 *
+ 4
5
2
2
$/
/
/ 2 *
+ 4
5
2
2
Sum-To
To-Product
Half angle
Double angle
sin 2 2 sin cos
cos 2
1 2
2 1
2 tan
tan 2
1 #
Half angle
1 cos 2
2
1 $ cos 2
2
1 cos 2
#
1 $ cos 2
1 cos
4 5 >?
2
2
1 $ cos
4 5 >?
2
2
1 cos
sin
# 4 5 >
2
sin
1 $ cos
Exponentials
' B 'B
* + B
C
C
E
' / '
E
' B/ ' B
G
G
G
F'C ' FC
Summations
Q R Q R
QR $ @R Q R $ Q @R
RSB
RSB
Q
RSB
RSB
RSB
RSB
$ 1
2
RSB
3-D lines
$ 1 $ 2
6
RSB
RSB
RSB
Z
$ 1
[
2
Complex numbers
n ')'
n@ n
Greens theorem
r e)' $ s)C t *
q
Stokes theorem
us ue
+ )7
u' uC
Divergence theorem
t nw ) Ad y nw )z
x
operation
Definition of
coordinates
Vector field 7w
Gradient &
Divergence
A
Differential
displacement
Differential
normal area
Dif. volume
Unit vectors
QR @R Q R Q @R
Planes
Logarithms
@ I @
1 0
1
K L
M K L M
; ;N
RSB
_ $@
Cartesian coordinates
7 ' $ 7 C $ 7 _
u&
u&
u&
' $
C $
_
u'
uC
u_
u7; u7^ u7b
$
$
u'
uC
u_
) )C)_' $ )')_C
$ )')C_
)/ )')C)_
2-D lines
C CT U' 'V
' '
U
C C
) F' ' $ C C
' $ ' C $ C
*
,
+
2
2
Q
RSB
9 : :
\; \^
\;^
9i > 0 ) & &;; > 0 U UU
h
g9i > 0 ) & &;; < 0 U' UUm
g
9i < 0 )) l #
g
9i 0 /
f
\: ] \: ]
Critical points
@
< # * +
| F $ @
_ | R} |< $ | <
Trig circular/hyperbolic
R} $ R}
<
2
R} R}
<
2
} $ }
<
2
} }
<
2
relations
'
C
__
7 $ 7 $ 7 _
Cylindrical coordinates
\: ]
Lhospitals rule
&'
&'
lim
lim
; '
; '
Dot product
d @cd |||@|<
Cross product
d'@cd ; ^ b
@; @^ @b
Arc length
P
Chain rule
If &', C and '# and C#
Then
\]
\
\] \;
\; \
\] \^
\^ \
' L <
C L <
_ L<
7K L $ 7} < $ 7
Spherical coordinates
u&
1 u&
u&
$
$
_
u
u
u_
1 u7 1 u7 u7b
$
$
u
u
u_
u&
1 u&
1 u&
L $
< $
uL
L u<
L < u
1 uL 7K
1
u
1 u7
7} sin < $
$
L
uL
L < u<
L < u
) ))_ $ ))_
$ ))_
) ) $ ) $ )__
)/ )))_
' $
C $
' $ C
' $ C