Computer Science Illuminated, 3rd Edition

Test Bank for Chapter 15

True / False

1. True or False? A computer network is a collection of connected computing

devices that may communicate and share resources.

Answer:True

2. True or False? Computer networks may be connected without the use of

physical wires.

Answer:True

3. True or False? Some connections in a network may be made using radio

waves or infrared signals.

Answer:True

4. True or False? Only computers can be connected to a computer network.

Answer:False

5. True or False? Printers can be connected directly to a computer network.

Answer:True

6. True or False? A node on a computer network must be a computer.

Answer:False

7. True or False? Data transfer rate is the speed with which data is moved
from one place on the network to another.

Answer:True

8. True or False? Bandwidth is a synonym for data transfer rate.

Answer:True

9. True or False? In the client/server model, a user may only access files
 stored on his/her own computer.

Answer:False

10. True or False? A file server stores and manages files for multiple users on
a network.

Answer:True

11. True or False? A local-area network (LAN) connects a small number of

nodes in a building or close geographic area.

Answer:True

12. True or False? A network's topology determines how many file servers
need to be installed in the network.

Answer:False

13. True or False? A ring topology is a LAN configuration in which a central

node controls all message traffic.

Answer:False

14. True or False? A star topology is a LAN configuration in which all nodes are
connected in a closed loop.

Answer:False

15. True or False? A bus topology is a LAN configuration in which all nodes
share a common line.

Answer:True

16. True or False? Ethernet has become the industry standard for local-area
networks.

Answer:True

17. True or False? Ethernet is based on a ring topology.

Answer:False

18. True or False? A wide-area network (WAN) connects two or more local-
area networks.
Answer:True

19. True or False? The Internet is a metropolitan-area network (MAN).

Answer:False

20. True or False? An Internet backbone is a company that provides other

companies or individuals with access to the Internet.

Answer:False

21. True or False? The Internet backbone is a set of high-capacity, high-speed

networks that carry Internet traffic.

Answer:True

22. True or False? An Internet service provider (ISP) is a company that

provides other companies or individuals with access to the Internet.

Answer:True

23. True or False? Both DSL and cable connections are broadband
connections.

Answer:True

24. True or False? Retrieving data from an Internet resource to your computer
is called uploading.

Answer:False

25. True or False? Broadband connections often provide more rapid

downloads than uploads.

Answer:True

26. True or False? Messages sent over a shared communication line are
divided into fixed-size, numbered pieces called packets.

Answer:True

27. True or False? Network packets contain instructions regarding the route
they should travel to reach their destination.

Answer:False
28. True or False? A repeater is a network device that duplicates a packet and
sends the duplicate by an alternate route.

Answer:False

29. True or False? In a proprietary system, a commercial vendor opens their

technology to other companies.

Answer:False

30. True or False? TCP/IP is the suite of protocols and programs that support
low-level network communication.

Answer:True

31. True or False? A file's MIME type indicates the format of files that are
attached to email messages.

Answer:True

32. True or False? A firewall is a barrier that protects network equipment from
physical damage.

Answer:False

33. True or False? For national security, the U.S. government enforces a
national access control policy for Internet traffic.

Answer:False

34. True or False? The IP address of a computer is represented by four

numeric values separated by periods (dots).

Answer:True

35. True or False? A hostname uniquely identifies a particular computer among

all others on the Internet.

Answer:True

36. True or False? A top-level domain uniquely identifies a particular computer

among all others on the Internet.

Answer:False
37. True or False? A top-level domain helps users identify the host's type of
organization or country of origin.

Answer:True

38. True or False? Some newer top-level domains include .biz, .name, and
.museum.

Answer:True

39. True or False? A domain name server is a computer that attempts to

translate a hostname into an IP address.

Answer:True

40. True or False? The domain name system (DNS) uses one large table to
map hostnames to IP addresses.

Answer:False

Multiple Choice

41. Which of the following is a device for converting an analog signal to a digital
signal and back again?

A. modem
B. gateway
C. node
D. router
E. repeater

Answer:A

42. Which of the following is a computer on a LAN that handles all

communication between that network and others?

A. modem
B. gateway
C. node
D. router
E. repeater

Answer:B

43. Which of the following is a generic term used for any device on a network?
A. modem
B. gateway
C. node
D. router
E. repeater

Answer:C

44. Which of the following is a network device that directs a packet toward its
final destination?

A. modem
B. gateway
C. node
D. router
E. repeater

Answer:D

45. Which of the following is a network device that strengthens and propagates
a signal along a long communication line?

A. modem
B. gateway
C. node
D. router
E. repeater

Answer:E

46. In which of the following LAN configurations do all nodes share a single
communication line that carries messages in both directions?

A. bus topology
B. ring topology
C. gateway topology
D. star topology
E. metropolitan topology

Answer:A

47. Which of the following LAN configurations connects all nodes in a closed
loop?

A. bus topology
B. ring topology
C. gateway topology
D. star topology
E. metropolitan topology

Answer:B

48. In which of the following LAN configurations is there a center node to which
all others are connected?

A. bus topology
B. ring topology
C. gateway topology
D. star topology
E. metropolitan topology

Answer:D

49. Which of the following LAN configurations has become a standard for local-
area networks?

A. bus topology
B. ring topology
C. gateway topology
D. star topology
E. metropolitan topology

Answer:A

50. Which of the following describes a set of high-speed networks on the

Internet, sponsored by companies such as AT&T and Verizon?

A. backbone
B. firewall
C. bandwidth
D. packet switching
E. hostname

Answer:A

51. Which of the following is the term used to describe a machine and software
that protects a network from inappropriate access?

A. backbone
B. firewall
C. bandwidth
D. packet switching
E. hostname

Answer:B

52. Which of the following terms is synonymous with the term data transfer
rate?

A. backbone
B. firewall
C. bandwidth
D. packet switching
E. hostname

Answer:C

53. Which of the following describes the process of dividing a message into
small pieces and sending those pieces separately to the destination?

A. backbone
B. firewall
C. bandwidth
D. packet switching
E. hostname

Answer:D

54. Which of the following provides a way to uniquely identify a single computer
among all others on the Internet?

A. backbone
B. firewall
C. bandwidth
D. packet switching
E. hostname

Answer:E

55. Which of the following is an IP program that can be used to test whether a
particular network computer is active and reachable?

A. ping
B. telnet
C. port
D. TCP/IP
E. SMTP
Answer:A

56. Which of the following is a high-level protocol used to log into a computer
system from a remote computer?

A. ping
B. telnet
C. port
D. TCP/IP
E. SMTP

Answer:B

57. Which of the following is a numeric designation that corresponds to a

particular high-level protocol?

A. ping
B. telnet
C. port
D. TCP/IP
E. SMTP

Answer:C

58. Which of the following is a suite of protocols and programs that support low-
level network communication?

A. ping
B. telnet
C. port
D. TCP/IP
E. SMTP

Answer:D

59. Which of the following is a high-level protocol used to specify the transfer of
electronic mail?

A. ping
B. telnet
C. port
D. TCP/IP
E. SMTP

Answer:E
60. Which of the following is made up of four decimal numbers separated by
dots?

A. IP address
B. domain name
C. top-level domain
D. MIME type
E. hostname

Answer:A

61. Which of the following would correspond to an organization, such as a

university or company?

A. IP address
B. domain name
C. top-level domain
D. MIME type
E. hostname

Answer:B

62. Which of the following indicates the general type of an organization or a

country of origin?

A. IP address
B. domain name
C. top-level domain
D. MIME type
E. hostname

Answer:C

63. Which of the following indicates the format of a file attached to an email
message?

A. IP address
B. domain name
C. top-level domain
D. MIME type
E. hostname

Answer:D

64. Which of the following is generally made up of readable words and uniquely
identifies a particular computer among all the computers on the Internet?
A. IP address
B. domain name
C. top-level domain
D. MIME type
E. hostname

Answer:E

Fill-in-the-Blank

65. A computer _______________ allows computing devices to communicate

and share resources.

Answer:network

66. Devices on a(n) _______________ network often communicate using radio

waves or infrared signals.

Answer:wireless

67. A(n) _______________ is a set of rules that defines how data is formatted
and processed on a network.

Answer:protocol

68. Data transfer rate is also referred to as _______________.

Answer:bandwidth

69. A(n) _______________ is a computer dedicated to storing and managing

files for network users.

Answer:file server

70. A(n) _______________ is a computer dedicated to responding to requests

for Web pages.

Answer:web server

71. A(n) _______________ network connects a relatively small number of

machines in a close geographical area.

Answer:local-area
72. A(n) _______________ network connects two or more local-area networks
over a potentially large geographic area.

Answer:wide-area

73. A(n) _______________ network is a large network that covers a college

campus, business campus, or city.

Answer:metropolitan-area

74. A LAN using a(n) _______________ topology connects all nodes in a

closed loop on which messages travel in one direction.

Answer:ring

75. A LAN using a(n) _______________ topology uses a central node that
controls all message traffic.

Answer:star

76. A LAN using a(n) _______________ topology connects all nodes to a

single communication line that carries messages in both directions.

Answer:bus

77. _______________ is an industry standard for local-area networks, based

on a bus topology.

Answer:Ethernet

78. A(n) _______________ is a special node on a LAN set up to handle all

communication with other networks.

Answer:gateway

79. The Internet _______________ refers to a set of high-capacity, high-speed

networks that carry Internet traffic, provided by various companies such as
AT&T and Verizon.

Answer:backbone

80. A(n) _______________ is a company that provides other companies or

individuals with access to the Internet.

Answer:Internet service provider (ISP)

81. A phone _______________ converts digital data into an analog signal so
that it can be transferred over a telephone line.

Answer:modem

82. A(n) _______________ uses phone lines to transfer data digitally.

Answer:digital subscriber line (DSL)

83. In order to connect to the Internet using your home's cable TV lines, you
must have a cable _______________.

Answer:modem

84. Both DSL and cable connections are called _______________

connections, indicating data transfer speeds greater than 128K bits per
second.

Answer:broadband

85. A message sent over a shared communication line is divided into fixed-size,
numbered _______________.

Answer:packets

86. A(n) _______________ is a network device that directs a packet between

networks toward its final destination.

Answer:router

87. A(n) _______________ system, in contrast to an open system, uses private

technologies controlled by a commercial vendor.

Answer:proprietary

88. The _______________ reference model is a seven-layer breakdown of

network interaction used to facilitate communication standards.

Answer:Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

89. _______________ is a suite of protocols and programs that support low-

level network communication.

Answer:TCP/IP
90. An IP program called _______________ is used to test whether a particular
network computer is active and reachable.

Answer:ping

91. A(n) _______________ is a numeric designation that corresponds to a

particular high-level network protocol.

Answer:port

92. A(n) _______________ is a gateway machine and its software that protects
a network from inappropriate access.

Answer:firewall

93. An organization might develop a(n) _______________ that specifies what

types of network communication are permitted or denied.

Answer:access control policy

94. matiss.csc.villanova.edu is an example of a(n) _______________ that

uniquely identifies one computer among all others on the Internet.

Answer:hostname

95. A(n) _______________, such as 205.39.155.18, is used by network

software to designate a particular network resource.

Answer:IP address

96. In the name www.apple.com, apple.com is the _______________.

Answer:domain name

97. .com and .edu are examples of a(n) _______________.

Answer:top-level domain

98. A(n) _______________ is a computer that attempts to translate a hostname

into an IP address.

Answer:domain name server

Short Answer
99. What is a protocol in the context of a computer network?

Answer:A set of rules that define how data is formatted and processed on a
network.

100. What is network bandwidth?

Answer:Bandwidth is synonymous with data transfer rate, the speed with which
data is moved from one node to another on a network.

101. What are the basic roles of the client and server in a client/server model?

Answer:The client sends a request to the server and the server sends a
response.

102. What is a file server?

Answer:A computer dedicated to storing and managing files for network users.

103. What is a local-area network?

Answer:A network that connects a relatively small number of machines in a

relatively small geographic area, such as a single room or building.

104. Draw a representation of a ring topology.

Answer:

105. Describe communication in a ring topology.

Answer:In a ring topology, messages travel in one direction around the ring; each
node sends the message to its neighbor until it reaches its destination.

106. Draw a representation of a star topology.

Answer:
107. Describe communication in a star topology.

Answer:In a star topology, all messages flow into a center node that is
responsible for sending it to its destination.

108. Draw a representation of a bus topology.

Answer:

109. Describe communication in a bus topology.

Answer:In a bus topology, messages can travel in either direction along the main
communication line and each node ignores any message not intended for it.

110. What is Ethernet?

Answer:The industry standard for local-area networks, based on a bus topology.

111. What is a wide-area network?

Answer:A network that connects two or more local-area networks, usually over a
large geographic distance.

112. Describe the Internet.

Answer:The Internet is the ultimate wide-area network that spans the entire
planet.

113. What is the function of a gateway computer?

Answer:A gateway computer manages all communication going between its

local-area network and other networks.
114. What is a metropolitan-area network (MAN)?

Answer:A MAN is a network infrastructure developed for a smaller area than a

WAN, such as a campus or city.

115. What is the Internet backbone?

Answer:A set of high-capacity, high-speed networks that carry Internet traffic,

sponsored by various companies such as AT&T and Verizon.

116. What service do Internet service providers (ISP) provide?

Answer:They provide other companies or individuals access to the Internet.

117. What does a phone modem do?

Answer:It converts digital data into an analog signal for transfer over a phone line
and vice versa.

118. What is a digital subscriber line (DSL)?

Answer:An Internet connection that uses a regular phone line to transfer a digital
signal.

119. What is a cable modem?

Answer:A device that allows computer network communication using the cable
TV line in a home.

120. Which Internet connections provide broadband data transfer?

Answer:Both DSL connections and cable modems are broadband connections.

121. What is packet switching?

Answer:The process of dividing a message into fixed-size, numbered sections for

transfer over a shared communication line, which are then reassembled into the
original message at the destination.

122. What is a router?

Answer:A network device that directs a packet toward its destination.

123. What is a repeater?

Answer:A device that strengthens and propagates a signal along a long
communication line.

124. What is a proprietary system?

Answer:A system that uses private technologies controlled by a commercial

vendor.

125. Define interoperability.

Answer:The ability of software and hardware on multiple machines and from

multiple commercial vendors to communicate.

126. What is the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model?

Answer:A seven-layer logical breakdown of network interaction used to facilitate

communication standards.

127. List the seven layers of the OSI Reference Model from top to bottom.

Answer:Application layer, presentation layer, session layer, transport layer,

network layer, data link layer, and the physical layer.

128. What is TCP/IP?

Answer:A suite of protocols and software that support low-level network

communication.

129. What is SMTP?

Answer:A protocol used to specify the transfer of electronic mail (it stands for
Simple Mail Tranfer Protocol).

130. What is FTP?

Answer:A protocol for transferring files from one network computer to another (it
stands for File Transfer Protocol).

131. What is Telnet?

Answer:A protocol used to log into a computer system from a remote computer.

132. What is HTTP

Answer:A protocol that defines the exchange of documents on the Web (it stands
for Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

133. What is a port?

Answer:A numeric designation (such as 21) that corresponds to a particular high-

level protocol (such as FTP).

134. What is a MIME type used for?

Answer:They indicate the format of a file that is attached to an email message.

135. Give an example of a hostname.

Answer:matisse.csc.villanova.edu

136. Discuss the pieces of the hostname matisse.csc.villanova.edu.

Answer:Matisse is the name of a computer in the csc.villanova.edu subdomain of

the villanova.edu domain; the edu top-level domain indicates that it is an
educational organization.

137. Give an example of an IP address.

Answer:148.78.250.12

138. What is a top-level domain?

Answer:The last section of a domain name, specifying the type of organization or

its country of origin.

139. Give three examples of top-level domains other than .com and .edu.

Answer:.org, .gov, .biz, .name, .net (or several others)

140. Give an example of a top-level domain that specifies a country code.

Answer:.ca for Canada, .uk for the United Kingdom (or several others)

141. What is the domain name system (DNS)?

Answer:A distributed system for resolving hostnames.

142. What is a domain name server?

Answer:A computer that attempts to translate a hostname into an IP address.

Essay

143. Describe the client/server model and its relationship to computer networks.
Give examples.

Answer:The client/server model is a generic approach to network communication

in which one party, the client, makes a request of another party, the server, which
responds to the request. A file server, for instance, is a dedicated network
computer that stores files that users on the network (the clients) can request. A
web server is a computer that hosts web pages. When a browser (the client)
requests a web page, the web server delivers it.

144. Compare the ring, star, and bus LAN topologies. Include a visual
representation of each.

Answer:A ring topology, shown first below, connects all nodes in a closed loop.
Messages in a ring topology travel in only one direction. In a star topology, shown
second, all messages go through a center node that has the responsibility of
directing all messages to their destination. A bus topology, show last, connects all
nodes to a single shared communication line, in which messages travel in both
directions.

145. Compare and contrast the three primary techniques for accessing the
Internet.

Answer:A phone modem uses a dial-up connection, a normal phone line, and an
analog signal. One audio frequency is used to represent binary 0 and another for
binary 1. A digital subscriber line (DSL) uses a normal phone line, but a digital
signal. Since audio and data are transmitted using different frequencies, both can
occur at the same time. The third option is the uses the cable TV line and a cable
modem. A small portion of the frequencies a cable line can carry are used for
data communication. Both DSL and cable connections are broadband, with
significantly higher speeds than using a phone modem.

146. Describe how a message is transmitted using packet switching.

Answer:A message (such as an email message) is divided up into fixed-size,

numbered sections called packets. Each packet is sent to its destination, where
the message is reassembled. The packets may travel different routes to the
destination, and may arrive out of order. Using packet switching improves the
efficiency and fairness of network traffic.

147. Describe how networks are divided into classes.

Answer:There are three network classes: class A, class B, and class C. Class A
networks are very large with many nodes, so in the IP address one byte is
assigned for the network address and three bytes are assigned for the host
number. Class C networks are small with few nodes, but there a large number of
them, so three bytes are used for the network number and one byte is used for
the host number. Class B network fall in the middle, so two bytes are used for the
network number and two bytes are used for the host number.

148. Discuss an organization's use of an access control policy and its

implementation.

Answer:A business or other organization may create an access control policy to

formally establish the types of network communication that are permitted. The
rules may also be expressed in terms of which types of communication are
denied. For example, an organization may permit email communication, but deny
web use. Or it may deny access to certain web sites. An access control policy is
enforced using a firewall, which is a gateway machine and software that allows
only certain types of network communication to be conducted on its network.

149. Describe the Domain Name System (DNS) and how it is used to resolve
network addresses.

Answer:When using a web browser or an email address, humans use readable

hostnames to designate network destinations. Internally, network software uses
numeric IP addresses instead of hostnames. DNS is used to translate, or
resolve, a hostname to its corresponding IP address. It is a distributed system,
with multiple name servers on the Internet that can attempt to resolve a name. If
a particular name server cannot resolve a name, it propagates the request to
another name server. Eventually the name gets resolved or the request times
out.

150. Discuss some of the privacy issues related to employees in the workplace.

Answer:Often employees have a false sense of privacy in the workplace.

Employers have put more and more surveillance technology in place, up 50%
since 1997. Programs can be used to record every keystroke a user enters on
the computer. Phone calls are routinely monitored and recorded. Video cameras
keep track of the workplace environment. Email traffic is often monitored.
Employers argue that these activities are simply smart business, protecting
themselves against workplace misbehavior of various kinds. Privacy advocates
say the trend has gone too far down the road toward Big Brother.