EJEMPLO:

Disear el estribo en voladizo cuya cajuela mide 65cm de

ancho y 40cm de alto, la r x n que trasmite la losa
del

puente

es

de

400kg/m

por

concepto

de

carga

muerta y carga viva (s/c), sin incluir impacto. El

nivel de cimentacin esta a 6.50m por debajo de la
rasante y las caractersticas del terreno son:
= ngulo de friccin interna

= 45

Ws = 1650kg/m3
fc = 175 kg/cm2
t = 2 kg/cm2
f = 0.50 (material grueso coef. de friccin)
0.40 (para suelo arcilloso).
0.65

0.30

0.40
0.30

6.50

1.20

1.75

B
0.55

0.55

3.50

T = H/12 = 6.50/12 = 0.54 55 cm

A = H/12 = 55 cm
B = H/2 2H/3

6.50/2 = 3.25
Hacemos B = 3.50
B/3 = 1.17 1.20

CARGAS:
-

EMPUJE ACTIVO:
C = 1 Sen 45 = 0.171
1 + Sen 45

Ea = cwh (h + 2h)
2

H = 0.61m = 1000/1650
Ea = 0.717 x 1650 x 650 ( 6.5 + 2 x 0.61)
2

Ea = 7079 kg.
y = h(h + 3h) = 6.5(6.5 + 3 x 0.61) = 2.33 m.
3(h + 2h)
3(6.5 + 2 x 0.61)

F = 0.15R = 0.15 x 4000 = 600 kg.

YF = 6.50 0.40 + 0.025 = 6.125

VERIFICACIN DE ARRANQUE:
Eab = 0.171 x 1650 x 5.95 (5.95 + 2(0.61)) = 6018kg
2

Yb = 5.95(5.95 + 3 x 0.61) = 2.15

3(5.95 + 2 x 0.01)

MOMENTO FLECTOR EN EL ARRANQUE:

M = Ea y + F YF = 6018 x 2.15 + 600 x 5.575
0.65

0.30

S/C

W1
0.30

W2

T2

0.65
se considera.

0.40

T1

5.95
Ea
YF

T3
1.20

2.15 = y

1.75

B
0.55

0.55

3.50

YF = 5.95 0.40 + 0.025 = 5.575

MA = 16284 kg-m
W = S/C = 0.61, W = 1006.5

0.55
C

CORTANTE EN EL ARRANQUE
V = Ea + F = 6018 + 600 = 6618 kg

ESPESOR EN EL ARRANQUE
d =

M
Rb

Flexin

fc = 0.45fc = 780.75 kg/cm2

fs = 0.5 fy = 2100 kg/cm2
Es = 2.1 x 106
Ec = 15000 cfc
n = 2.10 x 106
15000175

Es = 10.5
Ec

R =

0.273

1
1 +

Fs .
n fc

J = 1 R/3 = 1 0.273/3 = 0.909

R = (fc j k)/2 = 9.77,

d =

b = 100cm

1628400
= 41cm
9.77 x100

ANCHO MNIMO EN ARRANQUE

d = 7cm = 41 cm + 7 = 48 cm.
= 48cm < 55cm

OK!

POR CORTE
=

v
bd

max =0.3

f 'c

se considera as:

v/bd = 0.3fc luego, d = v/(0.3bfc)

d = 6618/(0.3 x 100175) = 16.7cm < 55

ESTABILIDAD:
Seccin C - C
a) Estribos sin puente y relleno S/C
VOLTEO
W1 = 0.50 x 0.40 x 2.4

= 0.288

W2 = 0.65 x 0.65 x 2.4 x 0.5

= 0.507

W3 = 5.55 x 0.30 x 2.4

= 3.996

W4 = 4.90 x 0.25 x 0.5 x 2.4

= 1.470

W5 = 3.50 x 0.55 x 2.40

= 4.620

T1 = 5.95 x 1.10 x 1650

= 10.799

T2 = 0.65 x 0.65 x 0.5 x 1.65

= 0.348

T3 = 4.90 x 0.45 x 1.65

= 2.235

S/C = 1.10 x 1006.5

= 1.107
28.390

OK!

0.55 + 5.95 - 0.25 = 6.30

0.55 + 5.45 - 0.40 = 0.65

Momento

W1 = 3.5 1.10 - 0.15

= 2.25

0.648

W2 = 1.20 + 0.55 + 0.65 / 3

= 1.467

0.997

W3 = 1.20 + 0.55 0.15

= 1.600

6.394

W4 = 1.20 + 2 x 0.25 / 3

= 1.367

2.009

W5 = 3.50 / 2

= 1.73

8.085

T1 = 3.50 0.55

= 2.95

31.857

T2 = 1.20 + 0.55 + 2 / 3 x 0.65

= 2.183

0.760

T3 = 3.50 + 1.10 0.65 / 2

= 2.075

10.904

S/C = 3.50 0.55

= 2.95

3.266
64.920

CSV =

CSD =

64920
. = 4
6018(2.15 + 0.55)

28390 x 0.5
6018

= 2.36

> 2

> 2

ESFUERZOS
= 0.11 x 28390 0.06 x 28390 x 3.5
350
3.502
= 0.81 0.049
= 64920/28390 = 2287
S = 6018(2.15 + 0.55) = 0.572
28390

OK!

OK!

Xr = 2287 - 0.572 = 1.715

d = B/2 Xr = 3.50/2 1.715 = 0.035m
dmax = B/6 = 0.583 > 0.035 luego OK!

max = 0.86 kg/cm2

< 2

OK!

min = 0.76 kg/cm2

< 2

OK!

b) Estribos con puente y relleno con S/C

F = 600kg

YF = 5.575 + 0.55 = 6.125

R = 4000kg

VR = 3.50 1.10 0.30 - 0.65/2 = 1.775

FV = 28390 + 4000 = 32390kg

Mb = 64920 + 6000 x 1.775 600 x 6.125 = 68325
FH = Ea +F = 6018 + 600 = 6618
H = 6018(2.15 + 0.55)+ 600(6.125) = 3.01
6018 + 600

CSV = 68325/(6618 x 3.01) = 3.43 > 2

ESFUERZOS
= 68325/32390 = 2.11
S = 6618(3.01)/32390 = 0.62
Xr = r s = 2.11 0.62 = 1.49
d = 3.5/2 1.49 = 0.26
dmax = B/6 = 0.583 > 0.26

OK!

OK!

ESFUERZOS TRASMITIDOS
= 0.01 x 32390 0.06 x 32390 x 0.26 = 0.93 0.41
. 3.50
3.502

max = 1.34> 2

OK!

min = 0.52> 2

OK!

DISEO DE LA PANTALLA: (Clculo del acero)

As =

Ms
.
fs j d
d = 55 7 = 48

As =

16284.00
2100 x 0.909 x 48

= 17.77 cm2/metro de muro

5/8 (2cm2) = 1 5/8 @ 11cm

3/4 (2.85cm2) = 1 3/4 @ 16cm

CHEQUEO POR ADHERENCIA

M = 2.3fc = 2.3175 = 15.97
D
x 2.54
E0

nec

= V/(Mjd) = 6618/(15.97 x 0.909 x 48) = 9.50cm

E0 Mu = 9.5
3/4 = 5.98cm
Eo disponibilidad de 1m de c/muro:
(100/16 + 1)(5.98) = 41.86 > 9.5

OK!

LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO:

Lsd = Fs D = 2100 x 1.587 = 52cm (anclaje en ciment.)

4u
4 x 15.97

s
S2

ACERO DE REPARTO
Acero repar. Vert.
= 0.0015 x 100 x 48 = 7.2 cm2 5/8 @27 1/5 @
Acero repar. Horiz.
= 0.0025 x 100 x 48 = 12 cm2 5/8 @17

1/2" @ 17

5/8 @ 17

DISEO DE REPARTO:

D
B

2.05

1.545
min = 0.76
a

max=0.86

1.20

0.55

1.75

CASO I
W = pr + pp + S/C
W = 1650 x 5.95 + 2400x 0.5 + 1000
W = 12017.50 kg/m2
min = 0.76
max - min

= 0.10

a/1.75 = 0.10/3.50 ;

a = 0.05

a = 0.810
b/2.3 = 0.10/3.50 ;

b = 0.066

b = 0.826

CLCULO DEL MOMENTO EN EL INICIO DEL TALN (D)

MD = W l2 l2 (2min + a
2

= 1 l2 (w 2(min + a))
2

MD = 1 x l.752 (12017.5 (2 x 7600 + 8100)) = 12455 kg-m

2
6

CORTANTE A UNA DISTANCIA d/2

= (48 7)/2 = 0.804
a = 0.76 + (0.1 x 1.545)/3.5 = 0.804
V = w l2 (a2 - min)l2/2
= 12017.5 x 1.545 0.5 (7600 + 8040)1.545
= 18567.037 12081.9 = 6485.14 = 6485

CASO II
min = 0.520 kg/cm2

= 5200 kg/m/m de ancho

max = 1.340 kg/cm2

= 13400 kg/m/m de ancho

a = 0.520 + 1.75 (1.34 0.52)/3.50 = 0.92510 kg/cm2

= 9210 kg/m por metro de ancho
MD = 1 x l.752 (12017.5 (2 x 5200 + 93100)) = 13397 kg-m
2
6

CORTANTE
a = 0.520 + 1.545(1.34 0.52) = 0.882
350

V = 12017.5 X 1.5454 0.5(8820 + 5200) = 11557 kg-m

DISEO DEL ACERO DEL TALN

Utilizamos los valores ms encontrados: (esfuerzos de
trabajo).

VERIFICACIN DEL PERALTE

d =

M
12455 x100
=
= 35.70cm
Rb
9.77 x100

Tomamos: d = 48 7 = 41

OK!

CLCULO DEL ACERO

Utilizamos dc = 10cm,
As =

M
=
fs j d

As =

d = 40

12455 x 100
= 16.31 cm
2100 x 0.909 x 40

16.31 cm2 <> 5/8 1.98cm2

1 3/8 @ 11.2cm

CHEQUEO POR ADHERENCIA

NEC =

V
u j d

NEC =

11557
= 16.58 cm
19.17 x 0.909 x 40

con u =

2.3fc
D

2.3175
= 19.17
(5/8 x 2.54)

disp = ( 100 + 1 ) (1.59) = 49.57 cm >> 16.58 cm

11.2

OK!

LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO
Ld = fs D/4u = (2100 x 5/8 x 2.54)/(4 x 19.17) = 43.5 cm

ARMADURA DE REPARTO
As

min

= 0.0015 x 48 x 100 = 7.2 cm2

As

rep y temp

= 0.0025 x 48 x 100 = 12cm2

0.0015 x 48 x 100 = 7.2 cm2

DISEO DE LA JUNTA
Cargas verticales: slo pas propio de base hacia abajo
y r x n del terreno hacia arriba, no se considera empuje
pasivo.
W = 0.55 x 2400 = 1320 kg/cm2

CASO A:
max = 0.860 kg/cm2
b = 0.826 kg/cm2 (calculado en taln)
min = 0.760 kg/cm2

MOMENTO:
M = Wl2/2 - l2/6 (2max + b)
= 1320 1.202/2 - 1.202/6 (2 x 8600 + 8260) = -5160.40
M = -5160.4

CORTANTE:
d/2 = 40/2 = 20

l = 1.20 0.20 = 1.00

b = 0.760 + (0.86 0.76)(3.5 1)/3.5 = 0.831

V = 1320 x 1.0 0.5(8600 + 8310) x 1.00 =

V = -7135.0 kg (hacia arriba)

CASO B:
max = 1.345 kg/cm2
b = 0.52 + 1.0 x (1.34 0.52)/3.5 = 0.754 kg/cm2
min = 0.52 kg/cm2

MOMENTO:
M = w l2/2

- l2/6 (2max + b)

M = 1320 x 1.202/2 1.202/6(2 x 13400 + 7540)

= -7291.20 (hacia arriba)

CORTANTE:
b = 0.52 + (1.34 0.52)(3.5 1)/3.50 = 1.106
V = 1320 x 1 0.5(13400 + 7540)
= -9150 kg (hacia arriba)

VERIFICACIN DEL PERALTE:

d =

7291x100
= 27.3 < 40cm
977 x100

(adoptado)

CHEQUEO POR CORTE TALN

d = V/(0.32bfc) = 11557/(0.3 x 100175) = 29.1

= 29.41 < 40

OK!

CHEQUEO POR CORTE TALN

d = 9150/(0.32 x 100175) = 23.05 < 40cm

OK!

REFUERZO PRINCIPAL:
As = M/fs j d = (7291 x 1000)/(2100 x 0.909 x 40)
= 9.55 cm2 <> 1/2" = 1 1/2" @ 0.13
Asmin = 0.0015 x 48 x 100 = 7.2cm2

< 9.55 OK!

Asrepart = 0.00025 x 48 x 100 = 12.0cm2

<> 1/2 @0.10

CHEQUEO POR ADHERENCIA:

u = 2.3175/1.27 = 23.96
nec = 11557/(23.96 x 0.909 x 40) = 13.26
Edisp = (100/10 + 1) x 1.27 = 43.9 > 13.26

OK!

LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO:
Ld = fs d/4u = (2100 x 1.27)/(4 x 23.96) = 27.83cm

Se tomar Ld = 35cm.