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  • Definitions of Grammar

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    Claudinho Teles
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    This document defines grammar from both broad and narrow views and describes different types of grammar rules. It then provides an example of WH-question formation rules in English based on linguistic, native speaker competence, pedagogical, and interlanguage competence perspectives. Specifically, it outlines rules for forming WH-questions with the verb "be" and describes stages of a learner's developing interlanguage competence with WH-question formation including undifferentiation, variable inversion, generalization, and eventual differentiation between simple and embedded questions.

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    Definitions of Grammar[1]

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    This document defines grammar from both broad and narrow views and describes different types of grammar rules. It then provides an example of WH-question formation rules in English based on linguistic, native speaker competence, pedagogical, and interlanguage competence perspectives. Specifically, it outlines rules for forming WH-questions with the verb "be" and describes stages of a learner's developing interlanguage competence with WH-question formation including undifferentiation, variable inversion, generalization, and eventual differentiation between simple and embedded questions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    27 views12 pages

    Definitions of Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Claudinho Teles
    This document defines grammar from both broad and narrow views and describes different types of grammar rules. It then provides an example of WH-question formation rules in English based on linguistic, native speaker competence, pedagogical, and interlanguage competence perspectives. Specifically, it outlines rules for forming WH-questions with the verb "be" and describes stages of a learner's developing interlanguage competence with WH-question formation including undifferentiation, variable inversion, generalization, and eventual differentiation between simple and embedded questions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Definitions of Grammar

    BROAD VIEW

    A description of the structure of the language and the way in which linguistic units such as words and phrases are combined to produce sentences in the language. It usually takes into account the meanings and the functions these sentences have in the overall system of the language

    NARROW VIEW

    A description of the rules which govern the arrangement of the words in the formation of sentences in a language (syntax)

    Types of Rules

    WH- QUESTION FORMATION IN ENGLISH

    Linguist Grammar Rule


    WHATi ISj TERRY Tj READING Ti ?

    Aux verb + Wh are fronted leaving behind a co-indexed trace in their position

    NS Competence Rule

    Grammaticality judgement WHAT IS TERRY READING? * WHAT TERRY IS READING? * IS TERRY READING WHAT? * IS WHAT TERRY READING? Actual rule form cannot be specified, only guessed at.

    Pedagogical Rule

    To form a WH question with BE use a WH-question word at the beginning of the sentence and invert the subject and verb positions.

    IL Competence rule

    1. UNDIFFERENTIATION (a)Uninverted WH- questions WHAT TERRY IS READING? I KNOW WHAT TERRY IS READING. Learner does not distinguish between simple and embedded questions.

    IL Competence rule

    (b) Variable inversion: Simple WHquestions are sometimes inverted, sometimes not. WHAT TERRY IS READING?
    WHAT IS TERRY READING?

    IL Competence rule

    (c) Generalization: increasing inversion in WH-questions and inversion being extended to embedded questions. WHAT IS TERRY READING? I KNOW WHAT IS TERRY READING.

    IL Competence rule

    2. DIFFERENTIATION Learner distinguishes between simple and embedded questions with inversion in simple WH-question and uninversion in embedde WH- questions. WHAT IS TERRY READING? I KNOW WHAT TERRY IS READING.

    IL Competence rules

    They represent part of the learners IL competence at a given point in time.

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