EPS Chemical Engineering, Heriot-Watt University SI UNITS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS The Basic SI Units Name metre kilogram

second Kelvin ampere candela Note: kilo is in small k. K stands for Kelvin Derived Units Name newton joule watt coulomb volt farad ohm hertz Weber tesla henry pascal Prefixes for Unit Multiples symbol factor p 10 n 102 103 m 106 d 109 Approximate Physical Properties Water 3 10 kg/m3 Density at s.t.p 10 -3 Ns/m2 Viscosity at s.t.p. 4 kJ/kg-K Specific heat capacity 0.6 W/m-K Thermal conductivity 2 MJ/kg 7 Prandtl number Euler number Symbol m kg s K A cd Froude number Grashof number Nusselt number Reynolds number Peclet number for heat transfer Peclet number for mass transfer Prandtl number Schmidt number Sherwood number Stanton number for heat transfer Stanton number for mass transfer j factor for heat transfer j factor for mass transfer Common Dimensionless Groups En Fr Gr Nu Re Pe Pe Pr Sc Sh St St jh jd

SI Unit Conversion Sheet

P u 2

Quantity Length Mass Time Temperature Electrical current Luminous intensity

u2 gl
L3 gT 2 / 2

hd / k
ud /

Quantity Force Work, energy, heat Power Electrical charge Electrical potential Electrical capacitance Electrical resistance Frequency Magnetic flux Magnetic flux density Inductance Pressure

Symbol N = kgm/s2 J = Nm W = J/s C = As V = W/A F = As/V Hz = s-1 Wb = Vs T=Wb/m2 H = Vs/A Pa = N/m2

= V/A

Re.Pr Re.Sc
Cp / k

h dd / D

Nu/(RePr) Nu/(ReSc) StPr0.67 StSc0.67

Factor 10-12 10-9 10-6 10-3 10-1

name pico nano micro milli deci

name deca hecto kilo mega Giga

symbol da h k M G

Density Viscosity (18 C) Specific heat capacity Thermal conductivity Latent heat (1 atm) Prandtl number (20 C)

Air 1.2 kg/m3 1.7x10-5 Ns/m2 1x103 J/kg-K 0.024 W/m-K 0.7

Cp = g= h= hd or kc= k= d or l = P= u= U= T = D= = =

Common symbols Specific heat capacity at constant pressure (J/kg-K) Acceleration due to gravity (m/s2) Film heat transfer coefficient (W/m2-K) Film mass transfer coefficient (m/s) Thermal conductivity (W/m-K) Characteristic size (diameter or length) Pressure (N/m2) Velocity (m/s) Overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m2-K) Temperature difference (T2-T1) Diffusivity (m2/s) Viscosity (kg/ms) Density (kg/m3) Atomic Weights of Common Elements and names of Common Compounds C Carbon 16 N Nitrogen 14 Cl Chlorine 35.5 Na Sodium 23 Cu Copper 29 I Iodine 127 F Fluorine 19 O Oxygen 16 He Helium 2 S Sulphur 32

Some Common Physical Constants NA=6.023x1026 kmol-1 g=9.807 m/s2 R=8314 J/kmol-K (the same as 8.134 kJ/kmol-K) -8 2 4 Stefan-Boltzman constant = 5.6697x10 W/m -K 3 Volume of 1 kmol of an ideal gas at s.t.p. 22.4 m Standard temperature and pressure (s.t.p) 101.3 kN/m2, 273.15 K Avogadros Number Gravitational Acceleration Ideal gas constant Revised October 2006

O2 N2 H2 NaCl

Oxygen Nitrogen Hydrogen Salt

HNO3 H2SO4 NaOH

Nitric Acid Sulphuric Acid Caustic Soda

CH4 C2H6 CH3OH

Methane Ethane Methanol

M.Barr & Dr G.White

EPS Chemical Engineering, Heriot-Watt University

CALORIFIC VALUE TIME 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
o o

SI Unit Conversion Sheet

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Btu/ft3 Btu/lb ft3/s ft3/h UK gal/h US gal/h lb/h ton/h lb/in3 lb/ft3 lb/UK gal lb/US gal g/cm3 lb/lbmol g/gmol ft3/lbmol l/gmol lb ft2 lb ft/s lb/in2 lb/ft2 dyn/cm2 atm (standard) bar kg/cm2 (1 at) ft water in water in Hg mm Hg (1 torr) hp (British) erg/s ft lbf /s Btu/h Chu/h kcal/h ton of refrigeration P (poise = 1 g cm-s) lb/ft h lb / ft s S (stokes = 1 cm2/s) ft2 / h dyn/cm (= 1 erg/cm2) Btu/hr-ft-F Kcal/hr-m-C Btu/hr-ft2-F ft/sec 37.25 9 2.326 0.028316 7.8658 1.2628 1.0515 0.12600 0.28224 27.680 16.019 99.776 119.83 1000 1 1 0.06243 1 0.042140 0.13826 6.8948 47.880 0.1 101.325 100 98.0665 2.9891 249.09 3.3864 133.32 745.70 10-7 1.3558 0.29307 0.5275 1.16306 3516.9 0.1 0.41338 1.4882 10 4 0.25806 10-3 kJ/m3 kJ/kg m3/s cm3/s cm3/s cm3/s g/s kg/s g/cm3 kg/m3 kg/m3 kg/m3 kg/m3 kg/kmol kg/kmol m3/kmol m/kmol kg m2 kg m/s kN/m2 N/m2 N/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 N/m2 kN/m2 N/m2 W W W W W W W N s/m2 mN s/m2 N s/m2 m2 / s cm2 / s J / m2

CONVERSION FACTORS min hr in ft yd mile micron

60 3600 25.4 0.3048 0.9144 1.6093 10-6 10-10 645.16 0.092903 16.387 0.02832 4546.1 3785.4 10-3 10-6 0.15899 28.352 0.45395 1016.06 907.18 1000 0.0648 1.8 32) 460 273

s s mm m m km m m mm2 m2 cm3 m3 cm3 cm3 m3 m3 m3 g kg kg kg kg g +32 1.8

VOLUMETRIC FLOW

LENGTH

MASS FLOW

& A
in2 ft2 in3 ft3 UK gal US gal litre cm3 barrel oz lb ton short ton tonne grain (oC) (oF o F o C x + +

DENSITY

AREA

VOLUME

MOLAR MASS (MOLECULAR WEIGHT) MOLAR VOLUME

MASS

MOMENT OF INERTIA MOMENTUM PRESSURE

TEMPERATURE

F C o R K 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE VELOCITY

deg F ) deg R ) ft/s mile/hr ft/s2 pdl lbf kgf dyn ft lbf ft pdl cal erg Btu Chu kW-hr therm Btu/lb kcal/kg Btu/lb- F cal/g- C
o o

1 deg 1.8
0.3048 0.44704 0.3048 0.13826 4.4482 9.8067 10-5 1.3558 0.04214 4.1868 10-7 1.05506 1.8991 3.6 105.51 2.326 4.1868 4.1868 4.1868

C (or K)

POWER, HEAT FLOW

m/s m/s m/s2 N N N N J J J J kJ kJ MJ MJ kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg-K kJ/kg-K DYNAMIC VISCOSITY

ACCELERATION FORCE

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY

ENERGY, WORK, HEAT

SURFACE ENERGY SURFACE TENSION THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

1 1 1 1

1.7307 1.163 5.6783 0.3048

W/m-K W/m-K W/m 2-K m/s

SPECIFIC ENTHALPY (LATENT HEAT etc) SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY SPECIFIC ENTROPY

HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICENT MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

Revised October 2006

M.Barr & Dr G.White