Tamar jojua transformaciuli gramatikis roli ucxouri enis swavlebis procesSi (inglisuri enis masalaze)

XX-is 40-ian wlebis bolos z. harisis mier SemuSavebuli iqna deskriptiuli lingvistikis ufro Tanamedrove variacia---- transformaciuli gramatika. z. harisis Tanaxmad sintaqsuri struqturebis gamoyenebul lingvistur meTodebs (distribuciuli, uSualo konstituentebis analizi da da sx.) Soris transformatciuli analizis meTodi ufro metad warmoadgens enis struqturis analizis algebrul meTods[4]. transformaciuli analizi warmoiqmna gamoyenebiTi enaTmecnierebis moTxovnilebebidan gamomdinare. Tumca aqve unda aRvniSnoT rom, struqturuli lingvistikis ar udevs safuZvlad mxolod da mxolod gamomTvleli manqanebis enaTmecnierebaSi gamoyenebis piroba, am faqtorma garkveulwilad xeli Seuwyo struqturuli lingvistikis meTodebis ganviTarebas.[1]. transformaciuli gramatika, SemuSavebuli z. harisis mier aanalizebs nedl masalas(raw material) da gamonaTqvamebs. gamonaTqvami SeiZleba winadadebaze didi monakveTic iyos.[4]. n. xomskis[3] debulebebis Tanaxmad transformaciuli gramatika Seiswavlis cvalebadi sintaqsuri struqturebis rogorc aqtiur aseve pasiur formebs, romelsac safuZvlad udevs ukve arsebuli wesebi. am wesTa sistema, rogorc xomski amtkicebda saSualebas aZlevs enis momxmarebels moaxdinos zedapiruli struqturebis generireba Rrma donidan. transformaciuli gramatika aRwers enas ise, rogorc mas realurad iyeneben metyvelebaSi. transformacia gulisxmobs enobrivi masalis nebismier gardaqmnas, romelic xorcieldeba gansazRvruli, winaswar Camoyalibebuli wesebidan gamomdinare. gamovyofT transformaciis Semdeg saxeobas: moqmedebiTi gvaris konstruqciis gardaqmna vnebiTSi da piriqiT: These builders are building a new house ---A new house is being built by these builders mtkicebiTi konstruqciis gardaqmna vnebiTSi da piriqiT: I like travelling by air------ I do not like travelling by air. erTi tipis sityvaTSeTanxmebis gardaqmna meore tipad: to read a book---- reading a book winadadebis gardaqmna sityvaTSeTanxmebaT da piriqiT: The strong wind is cracking all branches---The crackingof all branches TxrobiTi konstruqciis gardaqmna kiTxviT konstruqciad da piriqiT: He paints---Does he paint? transformaciuli analizis buneba moiTxovs pirveladi anu mocemuli sintaqsuri struqturis elementebis gardaqmnas, romelsac xSirad birTvul ( kernel) struqturasac uwodeben da romelic Sedgeba martivi TxrobiTi aqtiuri winadadebebisagan, mag. moviyvanoT sailustracioT sami birTvuli winadadeba(kernel): K1 Nick has future K2 Future is future K3 Future is promising rogorc vxedavT moyvanili magaliTebidan TiToeuli birTvuli winadadeba warmoadgens gansazRvrul konstruqcias, romelic Seicavs morfemebsa da sityvebs, amasTanave birTvi Seicavs mcire raodenobis konstruqciebs. inglisuri enisaTvis z. harisi gamoyofs Semdeg ZiriTad konsruqciebs[4]: NvV----N---arsebiTi saxeli, vVzmnis dro He came ---He come+ed NvVNp---N ars. saxeli, vV zmnis dro, P-windebuli

The dog walk+s up the hill. NvVN----A poodle is a dog. N is A---A-zedsarTavi saxeli The thunder is distant. N is NP(NP----saxelobiTi fraza We are at peace da a.S [4] TvalsaCinoebisaTvis TiToeuli am konstruqciidan axsnilia martivi magaliTi, romelic SeiZleba Sedgebodes nebismieri N raodenobis sityvaTa jgufis Serwymisagan. Cvens mier moyvanil magaliTSi SeiZleba ganvaxorcieloT Semdegi saxis transformaciebi K1 da K2 kveTa gvaZlevs Semdeg winadadebebs: Nick has a promising future. K1 da K3 is kveTa kidev sxva transformaciis gavliT( N has N John has a book--NsN Johns book) gvaZlevs Semdeg winadadebas : Nicks future is promising. K1 da K2-s kveTa Sualeduri transformaciisas gvaZlevs Nicks future is promising one.(one-Semcvlelia meore arsebiTisa K2-Si). mocemuli transformebi warmoqmnilia erTi da imave birTvuli winadadebebisagan, amasTan rogorc vxedavT transformaciebis raodenoba aRemateba birTvuli winadadebebis raodenobas. transformaciebi SeiZleba ganvixiloT rogorc winadadebis paradigma. erTmaneTisagan unda ganvasxvavoT aucilebeli da araaucilebeli transformaciebi., mimarTulebis mixedviT Seuqcevadi da ukuqceviTi, gamoiyofa kiTxvis, uaryofis, transformaciul gramatikas. zogjer transformaciul gramatikas generaciul-warmomqmnel gramatikasac uwodeben. ZiriTadi azri transformaciuli Teoriisa mdgomareobs imaSi, rom, nebismieri enis zedapiruli formebiaris Sedegi ramdenime modulis qvesistemaTa urTierTobisa. ori ZiriTadi qvesistema maTi saerTo ricxvidan aris sintaqsuri da semantikuri wesebis nakrebi. sintaqsuri wesebi gansazRvraven winadadebaSi sityvaTa konkretul ganlagebas(Tom will play football, sworea, vinaidan Sedgeba saxeladi jgufisagan Tom da mas mosdevs predikati will play football), xolo semantikuri wesebi icaven winadadebaSi sityvaTa konkretuli ganlagebis siswores(Will he go there?-kiTxvaa) ucxouri enis swavlebis meTodikaSi erT-erT mniSvnelovan sakiTxad miCneulia lingvisturi kvlevis meTodebis dakavSireba swavlebis praqtikasTan. ucxouri enis Semswavleli ufro Tavisuflad SesZlebs dasauflebeli enis frazebis konstruirebas, rodesac misTvis cnobilia sintaqsuri struqturebis transformaciuli SesaZleblobani. swavlebis sawyis etapze ucxouri enis aTviseba iwyeba elementaruli sintaqsuri struqturebis swavlebiT, SemdgomSi ki xdeba ufro rTul- struqturebze gadasvla SedarebiT martivi transformaciebis meSveobiT. transformaciuli gramatika SeiZleba warmovidginoT, rogorc Sesaswavli enis sintaqsuri struqturebis gardaqmnaTa wesebis Serwyma mSobliuri enis sintaqsuri struqturebis gardaqmnaTa wesebis codnis safuZvelze. mis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens erTis mxriv ucxouri da mSobliuri enebis gansxvaveba/msgavsebis dadgena, xolo meore mxriv ki am enebis transformaciuli modelebis iseTi Sepirispireba, romelic daexmareboda Semswavlels am enaTa transformaciebis msgavseba/gansxvavebis danaxvaSi. transformaciuli gramatikis wesebis racionaluri Sejereba swavlebis praqtikasTan daexmareba Semswavlels dedaenis sintaqsur struqturaTa gardaqmnis safuZvelze ufro efeqturad daeuflos Sesaswavli enis santaqsur struqturebs[5]. ucxouri enebis swavlebis Tanamedrove meTodikas sWirdeba rogorc klasikuri istoriul-SedarebiTi enaTmecnierebis, ise Tanamedrove struqturuli da maTematikuri lingvistikis miRwevebis gaTvaliswineba da praqtikaSi gamoyeneba.[2]. struqturul midgomaze dayrdnobili enis swavlebis

programa dasauflebeli enobrivi masalis advilad SerCevisa da sirTulis doneebis mixedviT misi gradaciis saSualebas iZleva. aseTnairad Sedgenili programa uzrunvelyofs SemswavlelisTvis enis struqturebis SezRudul raodenobas, romlebzec dayrdobiT SesaZlebeli xdeba vawarmooT usasrulo raodenobis gamonaTqvamebi.

gamoyenebuli litertura: 1. maxarobliZe g. struqturuli lingvistika, Jurn. ucxouri enebi skolaSi, #2, 1973, gv.3-9 2. giorgobiani l, kaxiSvili l., macxonaSvili g.,qvliviZe r., ucxouri enebis swavlebis Teoria da meTodika, Tbilisi, gamomc. ena da kultura, 2004, gv. 52-53. 3. Chomsky, N., Knowledge of the language. NewYork. Praeger, 1986. pp86 4. Harris Z.S. Structural linguistics. The University of Chicago press, 1963, pp306 5. . . , . ..1963..152-162

( ) ---- .

 , . , . . . , .

Tamar Jojua The Role of Transformational Grammar in the Process of Teaching Foreign Languages (on English Patterns) The article deals with one of the important aspects in the process of teaching foreign languages---the possibility of usage of transformational grammar in teaching practice. Transformational grammar is one of the theories of describing the language structure. Transformation may be defined as any change of the given language structure, produced on the basis of certain rules. It reveals the structural potential of linguistic structures. Rational usage of transformational grammar rules in the practice of teaching promotes the effective acqusition of the syntactical structures of the target language according to the principles of changing the structurul units of the native language Possibilities of effective usage of the above mentioned method of linguistic analysis in foreign language teaching practice are analysed in the given article.