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Ecology

The study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment

Biosphere
The part of Earth that supports life
Top portion of Earth's crust All the waters that cover Earth's surface Atmosphere that surrounds Earth.

Ecosystem
All the organisms living in an area and the nonliving features of their environment

Population
All the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species

Community
All the populations in an ecosystem

Habitat

The place in which an organism lives


provides the kinds of food and shelter, the temperature, and the amount of moisture the organism needs to survive

Competition
Food Space

Competition
Competition caused by population growth affects many organisms, including humans Limits population size

Limiting Factor
Anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. Includes living and nonliving features of the ecosystem

Succession
Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area; can be primary or secondary.
Primary begins in a place without soil Secondary where soil already exists

Primary Succession

Secondary Succession

Pioneer species
A group of organisms, such as lichens, found in the primary stage of succession and that begin an area's soil-building process

Climax community
A community that has reached a stable stage of ecological succession

Biome
Large geographic areas with similar climates and ecosystems

Includes
Tundra Taiga Desert Temperate deciduous forest Temperate rain forest Tropical rain forest, and grassland

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