Aptitude Cube and Cuboids

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Cube and Cuboids In a cube or a cuboid there are six faces in each. In a cube length, breadth and height are same while in cuboid these are different. In a cube the number of unit cubes = (side)3. In cuboid the number of unit cube = (l x b x h). Dice is a cube. In cube there are 6 faces. Some important points are given below: 1. There are 6 faces in the cube - ABCG, GCDE, DEFH, BCDH, AGEF and ABHF. (i) No of cubes no side painted = (n-2)*(n-2)*(n-2) (ii) No of cubes exactly one side painted = (n-2)*(n-2)*6 (iii) No of cubes exactly two side painted = a= (n-2)*12 If the cube of n*n*n cut into 1*1*1, then No of cubes exactly 3 sides painted = b= 8 No of cubes atleast 2 sides painted = a+b

2. Always four faces are adjacent to one face. 3. Opposite of ABCG is DEFH and so on. 4. CDEG is the upper face of the cube. 5. ABHF is the bottom of the cube. Questions on dice can easily be answered using the following rules. Rule No. 1: - Two opposite faces cannot be adjacent to one another. Example: Two different positions of a dice are shown below. Which number will appear on the face opposite to the face with number 4?

Solution: Faces with four numbers 6, 2, 5 and 3 are adjacent of to the face with No. 4. Hence the faces with no. 6, 2, 5 and 3 cannot be opposite to the face with no. 4. Therefore the remaining face with no.1 will be the opposite of the face with no. 4.

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Rule No. 2: - If two different positions of a dice are shown and one of the two common faces is in the same position then of the remaining faces will be opposite to each other. Example: Two different positions of a dice are shown below.

Here in both shown positions two faces 5 and 3 are common. The remaining faces are 2 and 4. Hence the number on the face opposite to the face with number 2 is 4. Rule No. 3: - If in two different positions of dice, the position of a common face be the same, then each of the opposite faces of the remaining faces will be in the same position. Example:

Here in both positions of common (3) is same. Therefore, opposite of 5 is 6 and opposite of 4 is 2. Rule No. 4: - If in two different positions of a dice, the position of the common face be not the same, then opposite face of the common face will be that which is not shown on any face in these two positions. Besides, the opposite faces of the remaining faces will not be the same. Example:

Here in two positions of a dice the face with number 1 is not in the same position. The face with number 6 is not shown. Hence the face opposite to the face with number 1 is 6. Besides the opposite face of 3 will be the face with number 2 and opposite face to face 5 will be the face with number 1. Example: 1. A painted wooden cube is cut into twenty seven equal pieces. How many of these small cubes are painted on three sides?

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From the drawing there are 8 cubes with 3 colored sides, 12 cubes with 2 colored sides, 6 cubes with 1 colored side and 1 cube (Central one) with no colored sides. We note that 8 + 12 + 6 +1 = 27. The analysis could just as well be done by using the sections top-middle-bottom or left-middle-right. Note that the symmetry of the cube provides and automatic check on the validity of the number of colored faces. Using the above formula we have here n=3 and hence No of cubes no side painted = 1 No of cubes exactly one side painted = 6 No of cubes exactly two side painted = a = 12 No of cubes exactly three side painted = b = 8 No of cubes atleast two side painted = a+b =20 2. Answer the following questions based on the information given below: a) All the faces of cubes are painted with red colour. b) The cubes is cut into 64 equal small cubes. A. How many small cubes have only one face coloured? Number of small cubes having only one face coloured = (a - 2)2 x No. of faces = (4 - 2)2 x 6 = 24 B. How many small cubes have no faces colored? Number of small cubes having only one faces coloured = (x - 2)3 Here, x = side of big cube / side of small cube = 4 /1= 4 Required number = (4 -2)3 = 8 C. How many small cubes are there whose two adjacent faces are colored red? Number of small cubes having two adjacent faces colored red = (x - 2) x No. of edges = (4 - 2) x 12 = 24 D. How many small cubes are there whose three faces are colored? Number of small cubes having three faces colored = No. of corners = 8

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3. Answer the following questions based on the information given below:

A

cuboid shaped wooden block has 6 cm length, 4 cm breadth and 1 cm height. faces measuring 4 cm x 1 cm are coloured in black. faces measuring 6 cm x 1 cm are coloured in red. faces measuring 6 cm x 4 cm are coloured in green. block is divided into 6 equal cubes of side 1 cm (from 6 cm side), 4 equal cubes of side 1 cm

Two Two Two The

(from 4 cm side). A. How many cubes having red, green and black colours on at least one side of the cube will

be formed? Such cubes are related to the corners of the cuboid. Since the number of corners of the cuboid is 4. Hence, the number of such small cubes is 4. B. How many small cubes will be formed?

Number of small cubes = l x b x h = 6 x 4 x 1 = 24 C. How many cubes will have 4 colored sides and

two non-colored sides? Only 4 cubes situated at the corners of the cuboid will have 4 colored and 2 non-colored sides. D. How many cubes will remain if the cubes

having black and green colored are removed? Number of small cubes which are Black and Green is 8 in all. Hence, the number of remaining cubes are = 24 - 8 = 16 E. How many cubes will have green colour on two sides and rest of the four sides having no

color? There are 16 small cubes attached to the outer walls of the cuboid. Therefore remaining inner small cubes will be the cubes having two sides green coloured. So the required number = 24 - 16 = 8

4. 125 small but identical cubes have been put together to form a large cube.how many such small cubes would be required to cover this large cube compeltely? Solution: The size of the cube made using 125 small cubes is 5 x 5 x 5. After covering this, size of the cube will become (n+2) x (n+2) x (n+2) i.e. 7 x 7 x 7. So total numbers of cubes in 7 x 7 x 7 = 343. Extra number of cubes required = 343 - 125 = 218

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5. What is the least number of cuts required to cut a cube into 24 identical pieces? Find the factors of 24 24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 Now write the number (24) in terms of 3 factors of least possible value. So its 24 = 2 x 3 x 4. Cuts required = (a-1) x (b-1) x (c-1) = 1 x 2 x 3 = 6

6. All the six faces of a cube of a cube are coloured with six different colours - black, brown, green, red, white and blue. I. II. III. IV. V. Red face is opposite to the black face. Green face is between red and black faces. Blue face is adjacent to white face. Brown face is adjacent to blue face. Red face is in the bottom.

The upper face is Black. The face opposite to brown is white. Blue face is opposite to green

7. It was found that a cube can be cut into certain number of identical cuboids each measuring 1 cm * 2cm *5 cm. what is the side of the smallest such cube. How many such cuboids can be formed from such a cube? Side of the cube is the LCM of 1,2,5 ... i.e. 10 cm Number of cuboids = (Volume of Cube) / (Volume of each cuboid) = (10 x 10 x 10) / (1 x 2 x 5) = 100 cuboids.

8. A cube of side 6 cm was cut into 64 smaller but identical cubes. If it was estimated that it would take a 4 ltrs of paint to paint all the faces of the original cube, then how much paint is the original cube, then how much paint is required to paint all the faces of all the smaller cubes? Let the side be a (which is 6 in this case)... Total Area=6a2 New dimensions = a/4 * a/4 * a/4 Total Area of one cube = 6 * (a/4) * (a/4) Total Paint needed = 64 * 6 * (a/4) * (a/4) It should be 4 times the paint originally needed (i.e) 16 litres.

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