Work and Energy

Work
-the product of force and distance the object
moves
under the influence of that force and in the
direction of the force
-a scalar quantity
Energy
-the ability to do work
-expressed in joules or ergs
-it is a scalar quantity
 Different Scientist

Gaspard Coriolis
-he called the product of force and displacement the
object moves under the influence of that force as work.

James Watt
-he had originated another unit power to sell his improved
steam engine.
-he compared the rates at which work could be done by
his engine and by a horse, he called this unit as
horsepower.
 Power
• the rate of doing work

• the SI unit of power is watt (W), named after James Watt

who improved the steam engine

• kilowatt-hour abbreviated as kwh is not a unit of energy

being a product of power (kilowatt) and time (hour)

• another unit of power is the horsepower, abbreviated as hp

• this unit is commonly used to rate motors and engines

• 1 hp= 746 watts

 Formulas
Work
>W= Fd
Potential Energy
>P.E.= mgh
Elastic Potential Energy
>P.E.= 1/2 kx²
Kinetic Energy
>K.e.= 1/2 mv²
Work-Energy Theorem
>W=Fdx
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
>EM=P.E + K.e. = constant
Power
>P=W/t = Fd/t
 Solve Problem

Energy
A 75.0 kg child climbs a 6.00 m long slide that is inclined 30.0° with
the horizontal. What is the potential energy of the child with
respect to the ground ?
SOlution
Given
m= 75.0 kg h= 6.00m sin 30.0°
L= 6.00 m Ð= 30°
p.e= ?

p.e.= mgh
p.e. = (75.0 kg) (9.8m/s) (3.00m)
p.e. = 2 205j = 2210j
 exercise
• A 30 kg child enters the final section of a waterslide
travelling at 2.0 m/s. The final section is 5.0 m long and has
a vertical drop of 3.0 m. The force of friction opposing the
child's motion is 50 N. Find a) the loss of potential energy,
b) the work done by friction in the final section and c) the
child's velocity at the end of the section (using energy
considerations).

• a) A 2000 kg car is travelling 50 miles per hour. Find the

kinetic energy in Joules. b) The same car is lifted vertically
upward and then dropped from rest. Find the height from
which it is dropped if it strikes the ground at 50 miles per
hour (neglect air resistance).
 References

• Physics book (chapter 6. pp. 114-125)

• http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/work/node12.h
tml#SECTION00580000000000000000