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Generally, the mass balance is written in all the three directions namely x, y and z.
Hydraulics
is the mass density of the fluid. If the mass density is cons tan t the above
equation can be rewritten as u v w + + =0 x x x If v=0, w=0 i.e., for one dim ensional flow it reduces to u =0 x Mass density = Mass Volume
u *elemental area = constant x Integrating one gets UA = constant Volume rate could be exp ressed as m3 / s. This is generally known as flow rate or discharge ( Q ) and expressed as cubic meter / second and is abbreviated as cumec (m3 / s). Q = Area * Velocity = AV