(WWW.ToanCapBa.net) -Giáo án hình học 10 cơ Bản

Giao an hnh hoc 10-C Bn WWW.ToanCapBa.
Net
Nguyen Th Ninh
Tun : 1
Tit : 3 Ngay son: 15.8.2011
CHNG I:VECT
1: CAC NH NGHA
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc: nam vng cac khai niem vect ,o dai vect,vect
khong, phng hng vect, hai vect bang nhau.
Ve ky nang: dng c mot vect bang mot vect cho trc,chng
minh hai vect bang nhau,xac nh phng hng vect.
II/ Chuan b :
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau, bang phu,tht.
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc, bng ph theo nhm.
III/ Phng phap day hoc:
Van ap gi m, neu van e,dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
IV/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc :
1/ On nh lp : ( 1 phut )
2/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: Hnh thanh khai
niemvect
Cho hoc sinh quan sat
H1.1
Noi: t hnh ve ta thay
chieu mui ten la
chieu chuyen ong
cua cac vat. Vay neu
at iem au la A ,
cuoi la B th oan AB co
hng A
B .Cach chon
nh vay cho ta mot vect
AB.
Hoi: the nao la mot
vect ?
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi. Noi:ve mot
vect ta ve oan thang
cho dau mui ten vao
mot au mut, at ten
la
AB
uuur
:A (au), B(cuoi).
Hoi: vi hai iem A,B
Quan sat hnh 1.1 hnh
dung hng chuyen
ong cua vat.
Hoc sinh tra li
Vect la oan thang
co hng
Hoc sinh tra li
Ve hai vect.
I. Khai niem: vect:
N:vect la mot oan
thang co hng
KH:
AB
uuur
(A iem au, B
iem cuoi)
Hay
a
r
,
b
r
,,
x
r
, y
ur
,
B
A

a
r

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1
Giao an hnh hoc 10-C Bn WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
Nguyen Th Ninh
phan biet ta ve c
bao nhieu vect?
Nhan manh: ve hai vect
qua A,B
H2: Khai niem vect
cung phng ,cung
hng.
Cho hoc sinh quan sat H
1.3 gv ve san.
Hoi: xet v tr tng oi
cac gia cua vect
AB
uuur
va
CD
uuur
; PQ
uuur
va
RS
uuur
;
EF
uuur
va
PQ
uuur
.
Noi:
AB
uuur
va
CD
uuur
cung
phng.
PQ
uuur
va
RS
uuur
cung
phng.
vay the nao la 2 vect
cung phng?
Yeu cau: xac nh
hng cua cap vect
AB
uuur
va
CD
uuur
; PQ
uuur
va
RS
uuur
.
Nhan manh: hai vect
cung phng th mi
xet en cung hng
hay ngc hng
Hoi:cho 3 iem A,B,C
phan biet.
thang hang th
AB
uuur
,
AC
uuur

co goi la cung phng
khong? Ngc lai A,B,C
khong thang hang th
sao?
Cho hoc sinh rut ra nhan
xet.
Hoi: neu A,B,C thang
hang th
AB
uuur
va
BC
uuur

cung hng( hay s)?
Cho hoc sinh thao luan
nhom.
GV giai thch them
Hoc sinh quan sat hnh
ve va tra li .
AB
uuur
va
CD
uuur
cung gia
PQ
uuur
va
RS
uuur
gia song son
EF
uuur
vaPQ
uuur
gia cat
nhau.
Hai vect co gia song
song hoac trung nhau
thcung phng.
AB
uuur
va
CD
uuur
cung hng
PQ
uuur
va
RS
uuur
ngc
hng
A,B,C thang hang th

AB
uuur
va
AC
uuur
cung
phng va ngc lai.
Hoc sinh thao luan
nhom roi ai dien
nhom trnh bay giai
thch.
II .Vect cung phng
cung hng:
N:hai vect c goi la
cung phng neu gia
cua chung song song
hoac trung nhau.
Hai vect cung phng th
co the cung hng
hoac ngc hng

Nhan xet:ba iem A,B,C
phan biet thang hang
KVCK
AB
uuur
va
AC
uuur
cung
phng.

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2
Nguyen Th Ninh
H3: gii thieu v du:
Hoi : khi nao th vect
OA
uuur
cung phng vi
vect
a
r
?
Noi : vay iem A nam
tren ng
thang d qua O va co
gia song song hoac
trung vi gia cua vect
a
r
Hoi : khi nao th
OA
uuur

ngc hng vi vect
a
r

?
Noi : vay iem A nam
tren na ng thang
d sao cho
OA
uuur
ngc
hng vi vect
a
r
TL: khi A nam tren
ng thang song song
hoac trung vi gia
vect

a
r
hoc sinh ghi vao v
TL:khi A nam tren na
ng thang d sao cho
OA
uuur
ngc hng vi
vect
a
r
Hoc sinh ghi vao v
V du:
Cho iem O va 2 vect
0 a
r r

Tm iem A sao cho :
a/
OA
uuur
cung phng vi
vect
a
r
b/
OA
uuur
ngc hng vi
vect
a
r
GIAI
a/ iem A nam tren
ng
thang d qua O va co gia
song song hoac trung vi
gia cua vect
a
r

b/ iem A nam tren na
ng thang d sao cho
OA
uuur

ngc hng vi vect
a
r
H1:Hnh thanh khai
niem hai vect bang
nhau.
Gii thieu o dai
vect.
Hoi: hai oan thang
bang nhau khi nao? Suy
ra khai niem hai vect
bang nhau.
Hoi:
AB
uuur
=
BA
uuur
ung hay
sai?
GV chnh xac khai niem
hai vect bang nhau cho
hoc sinh ghi.
Hoc sinh tra li .
Khi o dai bang nhau
va cung hng.
Hoc sinh tra li
La sai.
III Hai vect bang nhau:
N:hai vect
a
r
va
b
r
c
goi la bang nhau neu
a
r

va
b
r
cung hng va
cung o dai.
KH:
a
r
=
b
r
Chu y:vi
a
r
va iem o
cho trc ton tai duy
nhat 1 iem A sao cho
OA
uuur
=
a
r
H2:Hnh thanh khai
niem hai vect bang
nhau.
Hoi: cho 1 vect co
iem au va cuoi
trung nhau th co o
dai bao nhieu?
Noi:
AA
uuur
goi la vect
khong
Yeu cau: x gia vect
khong t o rut ra kl
g ve phng ,hng
vect khong.
Hoc sinh tra li
Co o dai bang 0
Vect
o
r
co phng
hng tuy y.
IV Vect khong:
N: la vect co iem
au va cuoi trung nhau
KH:
o
r
Quy c:
+ Moi vect khong eu
bang nhau.
+ Vect khong cung
phng cung hng vi
moi vect.
H3: gii thieu v du:
Gv ve hnh len bang
A
D F

Hoc sinh ve vao v
V du :
Cho tam giac ABC co D,E,F
lan lt la trung iem
cua AB,BC,CD
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3
Nguyen Th Ninh
E
B C
Hoi: khi nao th hai
vect bang nhau ?
Vay khi
DE AF
uuur uuur
can co
k g?
Da vao au ta co DE
= AF ?
GV goi 1 hoc sinh len
bang trnh bay li giai
Gv nhan xet sa sai
TL: khi chung cung
hng , cung o dai
TL: can co DE = AF va
, DE AF
uuuuruuur
cung hng
TL: da vao ng
trung bnh tam giac
Hoc sinh len thc hien
Cmr :
DE AF
uuur uuur
Giai
Ta co DE la ng TB
cua tam giac ABC
nen DE =
1
2
AC=AF
DE AF
Vay
DE AF
uuur uuur
4. Cung co:Bai toan:cho hnh vuong ABCD .Tm tat ca cac cap vect
bang nhau co iem au va cuoi la cac nh hnh vuong.
Cho hoc sinh lam theo nhom.
5.Dan do:
-Hoc bai -Lam bai tap 1,2,3,4 .SGK T7.

Tun : 2
Tit : 6 Ngay son :
20.8.2011
LUYEN TAP
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc: nam c cac bai toan ve vect nh phng, hng, o
dai, cac bai toan chng minh vect bang nhau.
Ve ky nang: hoc sinh giai c cac bai toan t c ban en nang
cao,lap luan 1 cach logc trong chng minh hnh hoc.
II/ Chuan b cua thay va tro:
Giao vien: thc, giao an, phan mau, bang phu.
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc, bng ph theo nhm.
Dien giai, neu van e, hoi ap.
V/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc :
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Neu ieu kien e hai vect bang nhau?
Tm cac cap vect bang nhau va bang vect
OA
uuur
trong hnh bnh hanh ABCD
tam O.
3/ Bai mi:
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
4
Nguyen Th Ninh
HGV HHS Lu bang
H1: bai tap 1
Goi 1 hoc sinh lam bai
tap 1) minh hoa bang hnh
ve.
Gv nhan xet sa sai va
cho iem.
Hoc sinh thc hien bai
tap 1)
1) a. ung
b. ung
H2: bai tap 2
Yeu cau hoc sinh sa
nhanh bai tap 2
cha bien.
tap 2)
2) Cung phng
& , & & & , & a b x y z w u v
r r r ur r ur r r
Cun
g hng
& a b
r r
, & & x y z
r ur r
Ngc hng
& u v
r r
,
& z w
r ur
H3: bai tap 3
Hoi: Ch ra gt & kl cua
bai toan?
e chng minh t
giac la hnh bnh hanh ta
chng minh ieu g?
Khi cho
AB CD
uuur uuur
la cho
ta biet ieu g?
Vay t o co kl ABCD la
hnh bnh hanh c cha?
Yeu cau: 1 hoc sinh len
bang trnh bay li giai
Gv sa sai
Tra li: gt:
AB CD
uuur uuur
Kl: ABCD la hnh
bnh hanh
* Co 1 cap canh oi
song song va bang nhau.
*
AB CD
uuur uuur
tc la
//
AB CD
AB CD

'
Ket luan c.
tap 3)
3) GT:
AB CD
uuur uuur
KL: ABCD la hnh
bnh hanh.
Giai: Ta co:
AB CD
uuur uuur
, cung hng
AB CD
AB CD

'
uuur uuuur
// vaAB=CD AB CD
Vay t giac ABCD la
hnh bnh hanh.
H4: bai tap 4
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh ve hnh
luc giac eu.
1 hoc sinh thc hien cau
a)
1 hoc sinh thc hien
cau b)
Gv nhan xet sa sai va
cho iem.
tap 3)
4) a. Cung phng vi
OA
uuur
la , , , AO OD DO
uuur uuur uuur

, , , , , AD DA BC CB EF FE
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
b. Bang
AB
uuur
la
ED
uuur
H5: Cho bai tap bo sung
Gv hng dan cho hoc
sinh ve lam
Hoc sinh chep bai tap
ve nha lam.
BTBS:Cho t giac
ABCD, M, N, P, Q lan lt
la trung iem cua AB,
BC, CD, DA.
CM: NP MQ
uuur uuuur
vaPQ NM
uuur uuuur
3. Cung co:
-Xac nh vect can biet o dai va hng.
-Chng minh 2 vect bang nhau th c/m cung o dai va cung hng
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5
Nguyen Th Ninh
4. Dan do:
- Lam bai tap.
- Xem tiep bai tong va hieu.
Tun : 3
Tit : 9 Ngay son : 08.9.2011
2: TONG VA HIEU CUA HAI VECT
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc: Hoc sinh nam c khai niem vect tong, vect hieu,
cac tnh chat, nam c quy tac ba iem va quy tac hnh bnh hanh.
Ve ky nang: Hoc sinh xac nh c vect tong va vect hieu van dung
c quy tac hnh bnh hanh, quy tac ba iem vao giai toan.
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau, bang phu, thc.
Van ap gi m, neu van e,dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Hai vect bang nhau khi nao?
Cho hnh vuong ABCD, co tat ca bao nhieu cap vect bang nhau?
Cho ABC V so sanh
AB BC +
uuur uuur
vi
AC
uuur

3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
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6
Nguyen Th Ninh
H1: hnh thanh khai
niem tong hai vect
GV gii thieu hnh
ve 1.5 cho hoc sinh
hnh thanh vect
tong.
GV ve hai vect , a b
r r

bat k len bang.
Noi: Ve vect tong
a b +
r r
bang cach chon
A bat ky, t A ve:
, AB a BC b
uuur r uuur r
ta c
vect tong
AC a b +
uuur r r
Hoi: Neu chon A
v tr khac th bieu
thc tren ung
khong?
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
ve trong trng hp
v tr A thay oi.
Hoc sinh lam theo
nhom 1 phut
Goi 1 hoc sinh len
bang thc hien.
GV nhan manh nh
ngha
Hoc sinh quan sat
hnh ve 1.5
Hoc sinh theo doi
Tra li: Bieu thc
tren van ung.
Hoc sinh thc hien
theo nhom.
Mot hoc sinh len
bang thc hien.
I. Tong cua hai vect :
nh ngha: Cho hai vect
va a b
r r
.
Lay mot iem A tuy y ve
, AB a BC b
uuur r uuur r
. Vect
AC
uuur
c goi
latong cua hai vect
va a b
r r
KH:
a b +
r r
Vay
AC a b +
uuur r r
Phep toan tren goi la phep
cong vect.

a
r
B

a
r
C
b
r
A
b
r

H2: Gii thieu quy
tac hnh bnh hanh.
Cho hoc sinh quan sat
hnh 1.7
Yeu cau: Tm xem
AC
uuur
la tong cua
nhng cap vect
nao?
Noi:
AC AB AD +
uuur uuur uuur
la
qui tac hnh bnh
hanh.
GV cho hoc sinh ghi
vao v.
Hoc sinh quan sat
hnh ve.
TL:
AC AB BC
AC AD DC
AC AB AD
+
+
+
uuur uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur
II. Quy tac hnh bnh hanh:
B C

A D
Neu ABCD la hnh bnh hanh th
AB AD AC +
uuur uuur uuur
H3: Gii thieu tnh
chat cua phep
cong cac vect.
GV ve 3 vect , , a b c
r r r

len bang.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
thc hien nhom theo
phan cong cua GV.
1 nhom: ve
a b +
r r
1 nhom: ve
b a +
r r
1 nhom: ve ( ) a b c + +
r r r
Hoc sinh thc hien
theo nhom
III. Tnh chat cua phep
cong vect :
Vi ba vect , , a b c
r r r
tuy y ta co:
a b +
r r
=
b a +
r r
( ) a b c + +
r r r
= ( ) a b c + +
r r r
0 a +
r r
=
0 a +
r r
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7
Nguyen Th Ninh
1 nhom: ve ( ) a b c + +
r r r
1 nhom: ve
0 a +
r r
va
0 a +
r r
Goi ai dien nhom
len ve.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
nhan xet cap vect
*
a b +
r r
va
b a +
r r
* ( ) a b c + +
r r r
va ( ) a b c + +
r r r
*
0 a +
r r
va
0 a +
r r
GV chnh xac va cho
hoc sinh ghi
4/ Cung co: Nam cach ve vect tong
Nam c qui tac hnh bnh hanh.
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai
Xem tiep bai: Tong Va Hieu Cua Hai Vect.
Tun : 4
Tit : 12 Ngay son :12. 9. 2011
2: TONG VA HIEU CUA HAI VECT (tiep)
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Vi 3 iem M, N, P ve 3 vect trong o co 1 vect la tong
cua 2 vect con lai.
Tm Q sao cho t giac MNPQ la hnh bnh hanh.
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: hnh thanh khai
niem
vect oi.
GV ve hnh bnh hanh
IV. Hieu cua hai vect :
1. Vect oi :
nh ngha: Cho
a
r
, vect co
cung o dai va ngc
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8
Nguyen Th Ninh
ABCD len bang.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
tm ra cac cap vect
ngc hng nhau
tren hnh bnh hanh
ABCD
Hoi: Co nhan xet g
ve o dai cac cap
vect
vaCD AB
uuur uuur
?
Noi:
vaCD AB
uuur uuur
la hai
vect oi nhau. Vay
the nao la hai vect
oi nhau?
GV chnh xac va cho
hoc sinh ghi nh ngha.
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
quan sat hnh 1.9 tm
cap vect oi co tren
hnh.
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
Gii thieu H3 SGK.
Hoi: e chng to
, AB BC
uuur uuur
oi nhau can
chng minh ieu g?
Co
0 AB BC +
uuur uuur r
tc la
vect nao bang
0
r
? Suy
ra ieu g?
Yeu cau : 1 hoc sinh
len trnh bay li giai.
Nhan manh: Vay
( ) 0 a a +
r r r
Tra li:
vaCD AB
uuur uuur

vaDA BC
uuur uuur
Tra li:
AB CD
uuur uuur
Tra li: hai vect
oi nhau la hai vect
co cung o dai va
ngc hng.
Hoc sinh thc hien.
Tra li: chng
minh , AB BC
uuur uuur
cung o
dai va ngc
hng.
Tc la
0 AC A C
uuur r
Suy ra , AB BC
uuur uuur
cung
o dai va ngc
hng.
hng vi
a
r
c goi la
vect oi cua
a
r
.
KH: a
r
ac biet: vect oi cua
vect
0
r
la
0
r
VD1: T hnh ve 1.9
Ta co:
EF DC
BD EF
EA EC

uuur uuur
uuur uuur
uuur uuur

Ket luan: ( ) 0 a a +
r r r
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9
Nguyen Th Ninh
H2: Gii thieu nh
ngha hieu hai vect.
Yeu cau: Neu quy
tac tr hai so nguyen
hoc lp 6?
Noi: Quy tac o c
ap dung vao phep
tr hai vect.
Hoi:
? a b
r r

GV cho hoc sinh ghi nh
ngha.
Hoi: Vay vi 3 iem
A, B, C cho ta:
?
?
AB BC
AB AC
+

uuur uuur
uuur uuur
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
GV gii thieu VD2
SGK.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
thc hien VD2 (theo
quy tac ba iem) theo
nhom
Goi hoc sinh ai dien 1
nhom trnh bay.
GV chnh xac, sa sai.
Tra li: Tr hai so
nguyen ta lay so b
tr cong so oi
cua so tr.
Tra li: ( ) a b a b +
r r r r
Xem v du 2 SGK.
Hoc sinh thc hien
theo nhom cach
giai theo quy tac
theo quy tac ba
iem.
Mot hoc sinh len
bang trnh bay.
2. nh ngha hieu hai
vect :
Cho
a
r
va
b
r
. Hieu hai vect
a
r
,
b
r
la mot vect ( ) a b +
r r
KH:
a b
r r
Vay
( ) a b a b +
r r r r

Phep toan tren goi la phep
tr vect.
Quy tac ba iem: Vi A, B, C
bat ky. Ta co:
* Phep cong:
AB BC AC +
uuur uuur uuur
*Phep tr:
AB AC CB
uuur uuur uuur
VD2: (xem SGK)
Cach khac:
AB CD AC CB CD
AC CD CB AD CB
+ + +
+ + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
H3: Gii thieu phan
ap dung.
chng minh I la trung
iem AB
0 IA IB +
uur uur r
1 hoc sinh chng minh
0 IA IB +
uur uur r
I latrung
iem AB
GV chnh xac va cho
hoc sinh rut ra ket
luan.
GV giai cau b) va
giai thch cho hoc sinh
hieu.
Hoc sinh thc hien
theo nhom cau a).
2 hoc sinh len bang
trnh bay.
V. Ap Dung:
Hoc sinh xem SGK
Ket luan:
a) I la trung iem AB
0 IA IB +
uur uur r
b) G la trong tam ABC V
0 GA GB GC + +
uuur uuur uuur r
4/ Cung co: Nhac lai cac quy tac ba iem, quy tac hnh bnh hanh.
Nhac lai tnh chat trung iem, tnh chat trong tam.
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai
Lam bai tap SGK.
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10
Nguyen Th Ninh
Tun : 5
Tit : 15 Ngay son:19.9.2011
LUYEN TAP
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Hoc sinh biet cach van dung cac quy tac ba iem va
quy tac hnh bnh hanh, cac tnh chat ve trung iem, trong tamvao giai
toan, chng minh cac bieu thc vect.
Ve ky nang : ren luyen hoc sinh ky nang lap luan logic trong cac bai
toan, chng minh cac bieu thc vect.
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau, thc.
Hoc sinh: lam bi trc, thc.
Van ap gi m, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Cho 3 iem bat ky M, N, Q
HS
1
Neu quy tac ba iem vi 3 iem tren va thc hien bai tap
3a?
HS
2
Neu quy tac tr vi 3 iem tren vathc hien bai tap 3b)
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: Gii tieu bai 1
Chia lp thanh 2
nhom, 1 nhom ve
vect
MA MB +
uuur uuur
, 1 nhom
ve vect
MA MB
uuur uuur
Goi ai dien 2 nhom
len trnh bay.
GV nhan xet sa sai.
Hoc sinh ve vect theo
nhom.
ai dien 2 nhom len
trnh bay
Hoc sinh theo doi
1) *
MA MB +
uuur uuur
Ve
BC MA
uuur uuur
MA MB BC MB MC + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuuur
Ve
hnh.
*
MA MB BA
uuur uuur uuur
Ve hnh.
H2: gii thieu bai 5
Gv gi y cach tm
AB
uuur
-
BC
uuur
Noi: a ve quy tac tr
bang cach t iem A
ve
BD AB
uuur uuur
Yeu cau : hoc sinh len
bang thc hien ve va
tm o dai cua
, AB BC AB BC +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
1 hoc sinh len bang
tm
AB BC +
uuur uuur
Ve
AB BC
uuur uuur
theo gi
yva tm o dai
5) ve hnh
+
AB BC +
uuur uuur
=
AC
uuur

AB BC +
uuur uuur
=
AC
uuur
=AC=a
+ Ve
BD AB
uuur uuur

AB BC
uuur uuur
=
BD BC
uuur uuur
=
CD
uuur
Ta co CD=
2 2
AD AC
=
2 2
4a a
=a 3
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
11
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv nhan xet, cho iem,
sa sai
vay
3 AB BC CD a
uuur uuur uuur
H3: Gii thieu bai 6
Gv ve hnh bnh hanh
len bang
Yeu cau: hoc sinh thc
hien bai tap 6 bang
cach ap dung cac quy
tac
Goi tng hoc sinh nhan
xet
Gv cho iem va sa sai
4 hoc sinh len bang
moi hoc sinh thc
hien 1 cau
cac hoc sinh khac
nhan xet
6) a/
CO OB BA
uuur uuur uuur
Ta co:
CO OA
uuur uuur
nen:
CO OB OA OB BA
b/
AB BC DB
uuur uuur uuur
ta co:
AB BC AB AD DB
c/
DA DB OD OC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
BA CD
DA DB OD OC
uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur uuur
142 43 142 43
(hn)
d/
DA DB DC O +
uuur uuur uuur ur
VT=
BA DC +
uuur uuur

BA AB BB O +
uuur uuur uuur ur

H4: Gii thieu bai 8
Hoi:
0 a b +
r r
suy ra ieu
g?
Khi nao th
a b o +
r r r
?
T o ket luan g ve
hng va o dai cua
a
r
va
b
r

Hoc sinh tra li
Suy ra
a b o +
r r r
a
r
va
b
r
cung o dai
, ngc hng
vay
a
r
va
b
r
oi nhau
8)ta co :
0 a b +
r r
Suy ra
a b o +
r r r
a
r
va
b
r
cung o dai ,
ngc hng
vay
a
r
va
b
r
oi nhau
H5: Gii thieu bai 10
Yeu cau:nhac lai kien
thcvatl a hoc, khi
nao vat ung yen ?
Gv ve lc
Vay
1 2 3 12 3
0 F F F F F + + +
uur uur uur uur uur r
Hoi: khi nao th
12 3
0 F F +
uur uur r
?
KL g ve hng va o
ln
Cua
3 12
, F F
uur uur
?
Yeu cau: hoc sinh tm
3
F
uur
TL: vat ung yen khi
tong lc bang 0
1 2 3
0 F F F + +
uur uur uur r
TL:khi
12 3
, F F
uur uur
oi nhau
12 3
, F F
uur uur
cung o dai ,
ngc hng
3 12
F F
uur uur
=ME
=2.
100 3
2
=100 3 N
10) ve hnh
ta co:
1 2 3 12 3
0 F F F F F + + +
uur uur uur uur uur r
12 3
, F F
uur uur
cung o dai , ngc
hng
3 12
F F
uur uur
=ME
=2.
100 3
2
=100 3 N
4/ Cung co:Hoc sinh nam cach tnh vect tong , hieu
Nam cach xac nh hng, o dai cua vect
5/ Dan do: xem bai tiep theo tch cua vect vi 1 so
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
12
Nguyen Th Ninh
3: TCH CUA VECT VI MOT SO
Tiet tppct : 7
Ngay soan : Ngay day:
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Hoc sinh hieu c nh ngha tch cua vect vi mot so
va cac tnh chat cua no biet ieu kien can va u e hai vect cung
phng, tnh chat cua trung iem, trong tam.
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh biet bieu dien ba iem thang hang, tnh chat
trung iem, trong tam. Hai iem trung nhau bang bieu thc vect va van
dung thanh thao cac bieu thc o vao giai toan.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh nh chnh xac ly thuyet, van dung mot cach linh
hoat ly thuyet o vao trong thc hanh giai toan.
Ve thai o : Can than, chnh xac, t duy logic khi giai toan vect, giai
c cac bai toan tng t.
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc, bang phu cho nhom.
Van ap gi m, neu van e, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Cho bon iem A, B, C, D. Chng minh:
AB CD AC BD
uuur uuur uuur uuur
.
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: hnh thanh nh
ngha.
Noi: Vi so nguyen a
0 ta co: a+a=2a. Con
vi
0 ? a a a +
r r r r
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh tm
vect
a a +
r r
. Goi 1 hoc sinh
len bang
GV Nhan xet sa sai.
Nhan manh:
a a +
r r
la 1
vect co o dai bang
2 a
r
, cung hng
a
r
.
Yeu cau: hoc sinh rut
ra nh ngha tch cua
a
r

vi k.
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh xem
hnh 1.13 bang phu
Tra li:
a
r

a
r

a a +
r r
a a +
r r
la 1 vect
cung hng
a
r

co o dai
bang 2 lan
vect
a
r
.
Hoc sinh rut ra
nh ngha.
Hoc sinh xem hnh
ve 1.13
Tra li:
I. nh ngha :
Cho so k 0 va
0 a
r r
Tch cua vect
a
r

vi k la mot
vect.KH:
ka
r
cung
hng vi
a
r

neu k > 0 va
ngc hng vi
a
r
neu k < 0 va
co o dai bang
. k a
r
* Quy c:
0. 0
.0 0
a
k

r r
r r
VD: hnh 1.13
(bang phu)
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
13
Nguyen Th Ninh
tm:
?
?
?
GA GD
AD GD
DE AB
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
Goi hoc sinh ng len
tra li va giai thch.
2
3
1
( )
2
GA GD
AD GD
DE AB

uuur uuur
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
2
3
1
( )
2
GA GD
AD GD
DE AB

uuur uuur
uuur uuur
uuur uuur

H2: Gii thieu tnh
chat.
Noi: Tnh chat phep
nhan vect vi 1 so
gan giong vi tnh chat
phep nhan so nguyen.
Hoi: ( ) ? k a b +
r r
(t/c g
?)
( ) ? h k a +
r
(t/c
g ?)
( . ) ? h k a
r
(t/c
g ?)

1. ? a
r
(t/c g
?)
( 1). ? a
r
(t/c
g ?)
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
Hoi: Vect oi cua
a
r

la?
Suy ra vect oi cua
ka
r

va
3 4 a b
r r
la?
Goi hoc sinh tra li.
GV nhan xet sa sai.
Hoc sinh nh lai
tnh chat phep
nhan so
nguyen
Hoc sinh tra li
lan lt tng
cau
Tra li:vect
oi cua
a
r
la
a
r
Vect oi cua
ka
r
la-
ka
r

Vect oi cua
3 4 a b
r r
la
4 3 b a
r r
II. Tnh chat:
Vi2 vect
a
r
va
b
r

bat k.Vi moi
so h, k ta co:
( ) . . k a b k a k b + +
r r r r
( ) . . h k a h a k b + +
r r r
( . ) ( . ) h k a h k a
r r

1.a a
r r
( 1).a a
r r
H3: Gii thieu trung
iem oan thang va
trong tam tam giac.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
nhac lai tnh chat trung
iem cua oan thang
bai trc.
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh ap
dung quy tac tr vi M
bat ky.
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh nhac
lai tnh chat trong tam G
cua ABC V va ap dung
quy tac tr oi vi M
bat ky.
GV chnh xac va cho hoc
sinh ghi
Tra li:
0 IA IB +
uur uur r
Hoc sinh thc
hien:
0
2
MA MI MB MI
MA MB MI
+
+
uuur uuur uuur uuur r
uuur uuur uuur

Tra li:
0 GA GB GC + +
uuur uuur uuur r
0
MA MG MB MG
MC MG
+
+
uuur uuuur uuur uuuur
uuuur uuuur r
3 MA MB MC MG + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuuur
III. Trung iem
cua oan
thang va
trong tam tam
giac :
a) Vi M bat ky,
I la trung iem
cua oan thang
AB, th:

2 MA MB MI +
uuur uuur uuur

b) G la trong tam
ABC V th:
3 MA MB MC MG + +
H4: Neu ieu kien e
2 vect cung phng.
IV. ieu kien
e hai vect
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
14
Nguyen Th Ninh
Noi: Neu ta at
a kb
r r
Yeu cau:Hoc sinh co
nhan xet g ve hng
cua
a
r
va
b
r
da vao /n.
Hoi: khi nao ta mi xac
nh c
a
r
va
b
r
cung
hay ngc hng?
Nhan manh: Trong moi
trng hp cua k th
a
r

va
b
r
la 2 vect cung
phng.Do vay ta co
ieu kien can va u
e
a
r
,
b
r
la:

a kb
r r
Yeu cau: Suy ra A, B, C
thang hang th co bieu
thc vect nao?
Tra li:
a
r
va
b
r

cung hng khi
k > 0.
a
r
va
b
r
ngc
hng khi k < 0.
Tra li:
a
r
,
b
r

cung phng
Tra li:

AB k AC
uuur uuur
cung phng :
ieu kien can
va u e hai
vect
a
r
va
b
r
(
0 b
r r
)
cung phng la
co mot so k e
a kb
r r
.
Nhan xet:ba
iem A, B, C
phan biet thang
hang 0 k e

AB k AC
uuur uuur
H5: Hng dan phan
tch 1 vect theo 2 vect
khong cung phng.
GV hng dan cach
phan tch 1 vect theo
a
r
,
b
r

nh SGK t o hnh
thanh nh l cho hoc sinh
ghi.
GV gii thieu bai toan
ve hnh len bang.
Hoi: theo tnh chat
trong tam
? AI AD
uur uuur
.Vay
1 1
( )
3 3
1 1 1 1
( )
3 2 6 3
AI AD CD CA
CB CA b a

uur uuur uuur uuur
uuur uuur r r
Yeu cau: Tng t thc
hien cac vect con lai
theo nhom.
Hoi:
? CK CI
uuur uur
T o ta ket luan g?
Hoc sinh chu y
theo doi.
Hoc sinh oc bai
toan ve hnh
vao v.
Tra li:

1
3
AI AD
uur uuur
Hoc sinh thc
hien cac vect
con lai.
6
5
CK CI
uuur uur
C, I, K thang
hang
V. Phan tch
mot vect theo
hai vect khong
cung phng:
nh ly: Cho hai
vect
a
r
,
b
r
khong
cung phng. Khi
o moi vect
x
r

eu phan tch
c mot cach
duy nhat theo
a
r

va
b
r
, ngha la:
! , h k
sao cho

. . x h a k b +
r r r
Bai toan: (SGK)
4/ Cung co: Nam nh ngha, tnh chat cua phep nhan vect vi mot
so.
Nam cac bieu thc vect cua trung iem oan thang va
trong tam tam giac.
Nam ieu kien e hai vect cung phng.
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai
Lam bai tap SGK.
: BAI TAP PHEP NHAN MOT SO VI MOT VECT
Tiet tppct : 8
I/ Muc tieu :
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
15
Nguyen Th Ninh
Ve kien thc : Hoc sinh nam cac dang toan nh: Bieu dien mot vect
theo hai vect khong cung phng, nam cac dang chng minh mot bieu thc
vect.
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh biet cach bieu dien mot vect theo hai vect
khong cung phng, ap dung thanh thao cac tnh chat trung iem, trong
tam,cac quy tac vao chng minh bieu thc vect.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh linh hoat trong viec van dung gia thiet, la chon cac
tnh chat mot cach hop lvao giai toan.
Ve thai o : Can than, lap luan logic hoan chnh hn khi chng minh
mot bai toan vect.
Hoc sinh: hoc bai, lam bi trc.
Neu van e, van ap, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Neu tnh chat trung iem cua oan thang ?
Thc hien BT 5 trang 17
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: Gii tieu bai 2
Noi: Ta bieu dien 1
vect theo 2 vect
khong cung phng
, u AK v BM
r uuur r uuuur
bang
cach bien oi vect
ve dang
ku lv +
r r
GV ve hnh len bang.
Yeu cau: 3 hoc sinh
len bang thc hien
moi em 1 cau.
Goi hoc sinh nhan xet
sa sai.
GV nhan xet cho
iem.
Hoc sinh nh lai
bai toan ap
dung a hoc
bai hoc.
Hoc sinh len
bang bieu dien
cac vect
, , AB BC CA
uuur uuur uuur
Hoc sinh khac
nhan xet,sasai.
Bai 2: A
M
G
B K C
2 2
3 3
2 2 2
( )
3 3 3
AB AG GB AK MB
u v u v
+ +

r r r r
2 2( )
2 4 2
2 ( )
3 3 3
BC BK BA AK
v u u v u
+
1
+ +
1
]
uuur uuur uuur uuur
r r r r r
2 2 4 2
3 3 3 3
4 2
3 3
CA CB BA AB BC
v u v u
u v
+

r r r r
r r
H2: Gii thieu bai 4
Gv ve hnh len bang.
Hoi: e c/m hai bieu
thc a,b ta ap dung t/c
hay quy tac nao?
Gv nhan manh ap
dung t/c trung iem
Yeu cau:2 hoc sinh
len bang thc hien
Goi vai hoc sinh khac
TL:e c/m bieu
thc a,b ta ap
dung t/c T cua
oan thang
Hai hoc sinh len
thc hien
Hoc sinh nhan
Bai 4:
a/
2 2 2 2( ) 2.0 0 DA DB DC DA DM DA DM + + + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuuur r r
= 2(
DA DM +
uuur uuuur
)=2.
0
r
=
0
r
b/
2OA OB OC + +
uuur uuur uuur
=
=
2 2 OA OM +
uuur uuuur
=2(
OA OM +
uuur uuuur
)=2.2
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
16
Nguyen Th Ninh
nhan xet
Gv cho iem va sa
sai
xet
OD
uuur
=
=
4OD
uuur

H3: Gii thieu bai 6
Hoi: nhn vao bieu
thc sau:

3 2 KA KB O +
uuur uuur ur
ta co the
noi 3 iem A,B,K
thang hangkhong?
Hoi :co nhan xet g
ve hng va o dai
cua , KA KB
uuuruuur
?
Hoi: , KA KB
uuuruuur
ngc
hng ta noi K nam
gia hay ngoai AB?
Yeu cau: hoc sinh ve
AB ,lay K nam gia
sao cho KA=
2
3
KB
TL :A,B,K thang
hang v
2
3
KA KB
uuur uuur

(theo nhan xet)
TL: , KA KB
uuuruuur
ngc
hng ,ta noi k
nam gia AB
Hoc sinh ve hnh
minh hoa
Bai 6:
Ta co :
3 2 KA KB O +
uuur uuur ur
Suy ra :
2
3
KA KB
uuur uuur
, KA KB
uuuruuur
ngc hng
va KA=
2
3
KB
A K B
H4: Gii thieu bai 7
Noi :neu goi I la T
cua AB th vi moi M
bat k:
MA MB +
uuur uuur
=? the vao bieu
thc?
Hoi :khi nao
0 MI MC +
uuur uuuur r
?
Vay M la T cua trung
tuyen CI cua ABC V
Hoc sinh tra li
MA MB +
uuur uuur
=2
MI
uuur

2 2 0 MI MC +
uuur uuuur r

0 MI MC +
uuur uuuur r
TL:khi , MI MC
uuur uuuur
oi
nhau ,M la T
cua CI
Bai 7: goi I la T
cua AB

MA MB +
uuur uuur
=2
MI
uuur
t
MA MB +
uuur uuur
+2
0 MC
uuuur r

2 2 0 MI MC +
uuur uuuur r

0 MI MC +
uuur uuuur r
Vay M la trung iem
cua CI
H5: Gii thieu bai 8
Goi G la trong tam
MPR V
G la trong tam
NQS V
Hoi :theo t/c trong
tam cho ta ieu g?
Hoi :theo t/c M la T
cua AB
G la iem bat k cho
ta ieug?
Suy ra
? GM
uuuur
Yeu cau :hoc sinh
thc hien tng t vi
N,P,Q,R,S
Yeu cau: hoc sinh
tong hp lai e co
bieu thc
? GM GP GR + +
uuuur uuur uuur
.=
0
r
TL:
0 GA GP GR + +
uuur uuur uuur r
' ' ' 0 G N G Q G S + +
uuuuur uuuur uuuur r
TL:
2 GA GB GM +
uuur uuur uuuur
Suy ra
1
( )
2
GM GA GB +
uuuur uuur uuuur
Tng t hoc sinh
tm
, , , , GN GP GQ GR GS
=
1
(
2
GA GB GC GD + + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur

+
GE GF +
uuur uuur
)
==
1
( ' ' '
2
G A G B G C + + +
uuuur uuuur uuuur
Bai 8
Goi G la trong tam
MPR V
G la trong tam
NQS V
Theo t/c trong tam
cho ta
0 GA GP GR + +
uuur uuur uuur r
(1)
' ' ' 0 G N G Q G S + +
uuuuur uuuur uuuur r
(2)
theo t/c trung iem ta
co:
1
( )
2
GM GA GB +
uuuur uuur uuuur
tng t vi
, , , , GN GP GQ GR GS
VT (1)=
1
(
2
GA GB GC GD + + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur

+
GE GF +
uuur uuur
)=
0
r
VT (2)=
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
17
Nguyen Th Ninh
' ' ' ? G N G Q G R + +
uuuuur uuuur uuuur
=
0
r
Viet: VP=
0
r
Nen VT = VT
Yeu cau: hoc sinh
bien oi e co ket
qua 6
' 0 GG
uuuur r
Suy ra G
G
' ' ' G D G E G F + +
uuuur uuuur uuuur
)
Hoc sinh bien
oi
1
( ' ' '
2
G A G B G C + + +
uuuur uuuur uuuur
' ' ' G D G E G F + +
uuuur uuuur uuuur
)=
0
r
VT(1) =VT(2)
6
' 0 GG
uuuur r
Suy ra G
G
4/ Cung co: Neu lai t/c trung iem ,trong tam ,cac quy tac
Cach bieu dien 1 vect theo 2 vect khong cung phng
Neu k e 2 A,B,C thang hang , e 2 vect bang nhau
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai 1,bai2, bai 3,lam bai tap con lai,xem bai a lam
roi
Lam bai kiem vao tiet ti.
4. HE TRUC TOA O
Tiet tppct :10
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Hoc sinh hieu c khai niem truc toa o, toa o cua
vect, cua iem tren truc, he truc, khai niem o dai ai so cua vect,
khoang cach gia hai iem, toa o trung iem, toa o trong tam cua tam
giac tren he truc.
Ve ky nang : Xac nh c toa o iem, vect tren truc va he truc,
xac nh c o dai cua vect khi biet toa o hai au mut, xac nh
c toa o trung iem, trong tam cua tam giac, s dung cac bieu thc
toa o cua cac phep toan vect.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh nh chnh xac cac cong thc toa o, van dung mot
cach linh hoat vao giai toan.
Ve thai o : Hoc sinh tch cc chu ong trong cac hoat ong hnh thanh
khai niem mi, can than chnh xac trong viec van dung ly thuyet vao
thc hanh.
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc, bang phu cho nhom.
Van ap gi m, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS NOI DUNG
H1: Gii thieu truc toa
o va o dai ai so.
GV ve ng thang
tren o lay iem O
lam goc va
e
r
lam
vect n v.
e
r
O
GV cho hoc sinh ghi nh
Hoc sinh ghi
nh ngha vao
v va ve truc
toa o.

I. Truc va o
dai ai so
tren truc:
1) Truc toa o:
(truc) la mot
ng thang tren
o a xac nh
iem goc O va
vect n v
e
r

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
18
Nguyen Th Ninh
ngha
Hoi: Lay M bat ky
tren truc th co nhan
xet g ve phng cua
, OM e
uuuur r
?
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
nhac lai ieu kien e
hai vect cung phng ?
suy ra vi hai vect
OM
uuuur

va
e
r
?
GV cho hoc sinh ghi noi
dung vao v.
Hoi: Tng t vi
AB
uuur

tren ( ; ) o e
r
luc nay
AB
uuur

cung phng vi
e
r
ta co
bieu thc nao? Suy ra
toa o vect
AB
uuur
?
Noi: a goi la o dai
ai so cua vect
AB
uuur
.
Hoi: Hoc sinh hieu the
nao la o dai ai so?
GV cho hoc sinh ghi noi
dung vao v.
Tra li:
OM
uuuur

va
e
r
la hai
vect cung
phng

Tra li: , a b
r r

cung phng th
. a k b
r r
. OM k e
uuuur r
Hoc sinh tra li:
. AB a e
uuur r
AB
uuur
co toa o
la a
o dai ai so
la mot so co
the am hoac
co the dng.
KH: ( ; ) o e
r

e
r
O
2) Toa o iem
tren truc: Toa
o iem M tren
truc ( ; ) o e
r
la k
vi
. OM k e
uuuur r
3) Toa o, o
dai ai so
vect tren truc:
Toa o
AB
uuur
tren
truc ( ; ) o e
r
la a
vi
. AB a e
uuur r
o dai ai so
AB
uuur
la a
KH:
a AB
*
AB
uuur
cung hng
e
r
th
AB AB
*
AB
uuur
ngc
hng
e
r
th
AB AB
ac biet: Neu
A, B luon luon
co toa o la a,
b th
AB b a
H2: Gii thieu khai
niem he truc toa o.
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
nhac lai nh ngha he
truc toa o Oxy a hoc
lp 7 ?
Noi: oi vi he truc
toa o a hoc, ay
con c trang b them 2
vect n v
i
r
tren truc
ox va j
r
tren truc oy. He
nh vay goi la he truc
toa o ( , , ) O i j
r r
goi tat la
Oxy
GV cho hoc sinh ghi.
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh xac
nh quan xe va
quanma tren ban c
nam dong nao, cot
nao ?
Noi: e xac nh vi tr
cua 1 vect hay 1 iem
bat ky ta phai da vao
Tra li: He
truc Oxy la he
gom truc ox va
truc oy vuong
goc nhau.
Hoc sinh ghi nh
ngha vao v.
Hoc sinh tra li.
II. He truc toa
o :
1) nh ngha :
He truc toa o
( , , ) O i j
r r
gom 2 truc
( ; ) o i
r
va ( ; ) o j
r

vuong goc vi
nhau. iem goc O
chung goi la goc
toa o. Truc ( ; ) o i
r

goi la truc hoanh,
KH: ox. Truc ( ; ) o j
r

goi la truc tung,
KH: oy. Cac vect
, i j
r r
goi la vect
n v
1 i j
r r

He truc ( , , ) O i j
r r

con c KH: Oxy
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
19
Nguyen Th Ninh
he truc vuong goc nhau
nh tren ban c.
H3: Gii thieu toa o
vect.
GV chia lp 2 nhom,
moi nhom phan tch 1
vect : , a b
r r
. (Gi y phan
tch nh bai 2, 3 T 17).
Yeu cau : ai dien 2
nhom len trnh bay.
GV nhan xet sa sai.
Noi : Ve 1 vect
u
r
tuy
y tren he truc, ta se
phan tch
u
r
theo , i j
r r
. . u x i y j +
r r r
vi:
x latoa o vect
u
r
tren
ox
y latoa o vect
u
r
tren
oy
Ta noi
u
r
co toa o la
(x;y)
Hoi: 3 2 AB j i +
uuur r r
co toa
o la bao nhieu? Ngc
lai neu
CD
uuur
co toa o
(2;0) bieu dien chung
theo , i j
r r
nh the nao ?
Hoc sinh phan
tch , a b
r r
theo
nhom.
Hai hoc sinh len
bang trnh bay.
Hoc sinh ghi vao
v.
Hoc sinh tra li:
AB
uuur
co toa o
(2;-3)

2 CD i
uuur r

2. Toa o cua
vect :
y
y
u
r

j
r
O
i
r
x
x
( ; ) . . u x y u x i y j +
r r r r
Nhan xet: Cho 2
vect ( ; ) u x y
r
va
'( '; ') u x y
ur
'
'
'
x x
u u
y y

'
r r
H4: Gii thieu toa o
iem.
GV lay 1 iem bat ky
tren he truc toa o.
Yeu cau: Bieu dien
vect
OM
uuuur
theo vect , i j
r r
Hoi: Toa o cua
OM
uuuur
?
Noi: Toa o vect
OM
uuuur

chnh la toa o iem M.
Gv cho hoc sinh ghi vao
v.
Gv treo bang phu hnh
1.26 len bang.
Yeu cau: 1 nhom tm
toa o A,B,C
1 nhom ve iem D,E,F
len mp Oxy
goi ai dien 2 nhom
thc hien.
GV nhan xet sa sai.
Tra li:
. . OM x i y j +
uuuur r r
Tra li: Toa
o vect
OM
uuuur
la
(x;y)
Hoc sinh ghi vao
v.
Hoc sinh thc
hien nhom theo
phan cong cua
GV
Hai hoc sinh ai
dien nhom len
trnh bay.
3. Toa o mot
iem :
y
y M
j
r
x
O
i
r
x
( ; ) . . M x y OM x i y j +
uuuur r r
Chu y: Cho
A(x
A
;y
A
) va
B(x
B
;y
B
). Ta co:

( ; )
B A B A
AB x x y y
uuur
3/ Cung co: Nam cach xac nh toa o vect , toa o iem tren va
he truc suy
ra o dai ai so.
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
20
Nguyen Th Ninh
Lien he gia toa o iem va vect tren he truc.
4/ Dan do: Hoc bai
Lam bai tap 1, 2, 3, 4, trang 26 SGK.
4. HE TRUC TOA O (tt)
Tiet tppct :11
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Neu moi quan he gia toa o iem va toa o vect
tren mp Oxy?
Cho A(3;-2), B(2;-3). Tm toa o
AB
uuur
? bieu dien
AB
uuur
theo , i j
r r
?
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS LU BANG
H1: Gii thieu toa o
cac vect
u v t
r r
va
. k u
r
Yeu cau: hoc sinh
phan tch vect , u v
r r
theo
, i j
r r
.
Hoi:
?
?
. ?
u v
u v
k u
+

r r
r r
r
T osuy ra toa o
cac vect , , . u v u v k u +
r r r r r
GV chnh xac cho hoc
sinh ghi.
GV neu VD1 SGK
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
thc hien theo nhom tm
toa o cac vect
2a b +
r r
2 , 3 , 3 b a b c c b +
r r r r r r
Goi 4 hoc sinh ai dien 4
nhom len trnh bay.
GV va hoc sinh cung
nhan xet sa sai.
GV neu VD2 SGK
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh theo
doi GV phan tch vect
c
r
Noi:
c
r
viet c di
dang:
. . c k a hb +
r r r
Hoi: Luc nay vect
c
r

co toa o theo h, k nh
the nao ?
Vay 2 toa o bang
nhau tng ng vi
ieu g ?
Hoc sinh thc
hien
1 2
1 2
u u i u j
v v i v j
+
+
r r r
r r r

1 1 2 2
1 1 2 2
1 2
( ; )
( ; )
. ( . ; . )
u v u v u v
u v u v u v
k u k u k u
+ + +

r r
r r
r
Hoc sinh thc
hien theo 4
nhom moi
nhom 1 bai.
Hoc sinh cung
GV nhan xet
sa sai.
Hoc sinh theo
doi VD2
Hoc sinh thc
hien:
( 1;1) ( 2; 1)
( 2 ; )
( 4;1)
c k h
k h k h
+

r
III. Toa o cac
vect
u v t
r r
va
. k u
r
:
Cho
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) u u u v v v
r r
Khi o:
1 1 2 2
1 1 2 2
1 2
( ; )
( ; )
. ( . ; . )
u v u v u v
u v u v u v
k u k u k u
+ + +

r r
r r
r
VD1: Cho (2; 1) a
r
( 3; 4), ( 5;1) b c
r r
Ta co:
2 (1; 2) a b +
r r
2 ( 8;9)
3 ( 4;11)
3 ( 14;13)
b a
b c
b c

+
r r
r r
r r
VD2: Cho
( 1;1), ( 2; 1) a b
r r
Phan tch ( 4;1) c
r

theo vect , a b
r r
Ta co:
. . c k a h b +
r r r
( 2 ; ) ( 4;1)
3
2 4
2
1 1
2
k h k h
k
k h
k h
h

' '

3 1
. .
2 2
c a b +
r r r
* Nhan xet: Hai
vect

1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) u u u v v v
r r
cung
phng
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
21
Nguyen Th Ninh
Yeu cau: hoc sinh giai
he phng trnh tm k, h.
Hoi: Cho
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) u u u v v v
r r

cung phng th toa o
cua no se nh the
nao ?
3
2
1
2
k
h
'
Tra li:
. u k v
r r
1 1 2 2
, u kv u kv
1 1 2 2
, u kv u kv
H2: Gii thieu toa o
trung iem va toa o
trong tam.
Cho
( ; ), ( ; ),
( ; )
A A B B
I I
A x y B x y
I x y
Hoi: Vi I la trung
iem AB, nhac lai tnh
chat trung iem vi O
la iem bat k?
? OI
uur
Hoi: Vi O la goc toa
o O(0;0)
?, ? OI OA OB +
uur uuur uuur
Hoi: Vi
?
? 2
I
I
x
OA OB
OI
y
+

'
uuur uuur
uur
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh neu
t/c trong tam G cua
ABC V vi O bat k.
T o co ket luan g
ve toa o trong tam G
cua ABC V (lam tng t
toa o trung iem)
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh thc
hien theo nhom tm toa
o trong tam G.
Goi ai dien nhom len
trnh bay.
GV chnh xac va hoc
sinh ghi.
GV neu VD SGK
Yeu cau: 1 hoc sinh
len tnh toa o trung
iem AB
1 hoc sinh len tnh toa
o trong tam ABC V
GV va hoc sinh cung
nhan xet sa sai.
Hoc sinh tra li
2 OA OB OI +
uuur uuur uur
2
OA OB
OI
+
uuur uuur
uur
( ; )
I I
OI x y
uur
( ; )
A B A B
OA OB
x x y y
+
+ +
uuur uuur
2
2
A B
I
A B
I
x x
x
y y
y
+
'
+
Hoc sinh nhac

lai:
3 OA OB OC OG + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Hoc sinh thc
hien theo nhom.
1
( )
3
OG OA OB OC + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
3
3
A B C
G
A B C
G
x x x
x
y y y
y
+ +
'
+ +
Hai hoc sinh len

bang thc hien.
IV. Toa o trung
iem cua oan
thang va trong
tam tam giac :
1) Toa o trung
iem:
Cho
( ; ), ( ; )
A A B B
A x y B x y
Trung iem
( ; )
I I
I x y

cua AB
Ta co:
2
2
A B
I
A B
I
x x
x
y y
y
+
'
+
2) Toa o trong
tam:
Cho
( ; ), ( ; ),
( ; )
A A B B
C C
A x y B x y
C x y

Trong tam G cua
ABC V ,
G co toa o la:
3
3
A B C
G
A B C
G
x x x
x
y y y
y
+ +
'
+ +
V du: Cho
( 2; 1) A
(3; 3), (2;1) B C
Tm trung iem I
cua AB va trong
tam G cua ABC V
Giai:
1
( ; 2)
2
(1; 1)
I
G
4/ Cung co: Nam cac cong thc toa o

hai vect cung phng th co toa o nh the nao ?
Cong thc toa o trung iem, toa o trong tam.
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai
Lam bai tap 5, 6, 7, 8 trang 27 SGK.
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
22
Nguyen Th Ninh
: BAI TAP HE TRUC TOA O
Tiet tppct : 12
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh tm toa o iem, o dai ai so tren truc,
cach xac nh toa o vect, iem, toa o trung iem, trong tam tren he
truc.
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh thanh thao cac bai tap ve tm toa o vect,
trung iem, trong tam tren he truc.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat sang tao trong viec chuyen 1 bai toan
chng minh bang vect sang chng minh bamg phng phap toa o nh
chng minh ba iem thang hang
Ve thai o : Can than, chnh xac khi tnh toan cac toa o tch cc chu
ong tm toi giai nhieu bai tap.
Neu van e, gi m, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Neu cong thc tnh toa o trong tam tam giac.
Cho A(1;-1), B(2;-2), C(3;-3). Tm toa o trong tam G cua ABC V
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS LU BANG
H1: Gii thieu bai 2.
Yeu cau: hoc sinh thao
luan nhom, ch ra au
la menh e ung, au
la menh e sai?
Goi ai dien tng nhom
tra li.
GV nhan xet sa sai.
Hoc sinh thao
luan nhom 2
phut bai 2.
ai dien nhom
trnh bay.
Bai 2:
a, b, d ung
e sai
H2: Sa nhanh bai tap
3, 4
GV goi tng hoc sinh
ng len tm toa o
cac cau a, b, c, d bai
3.
GV cung hoc sinh nhan
xet sa sai.
GV goi tng hoc sinh
ng len ch ra au la
menh e ung, au la
menh e sai?
Hoc sinh ng
len tra li.
Hoc sinh ng
len tra li.
Bai 3: (2; 0) a
r
(0; 3)
(3; 4)
(0, 2; 3)
b
c
d
r
r
ur
Bai 4:
a, b, c ung.
d sai
H3: Gii thieu bai 5
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
thao luan nhom, ch ra
Hoc sinh thao
luan nhom 2
phut bai 5.
Bai 5:
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
23
Nguyen Th Ninh
cac toa o A, B, C.
Goi ai dien tng
nhom tra li.
GV nhan xet, sa sai.
ai dien nhom
trnh bay.
0 0
0 0
0 0
) ( ; )
) ( ; )
) ( ; )
a A x y
b B x y
c C x y

H4: Gii thieu bai 6
Yeu cau:Neu ac
iem cua hnh bnh
hanh.
Vay ta co:
AB DC
uuur uuur
Hoi: ieu kien e 2
vect bang nhau ?
Yeu cau:1 hoc sinh len
thc hien bai 6 tm toa
o D (x;y).
GV cung hoc sinh nhan
xet sa sai.
Hoc sinh neu
tnh chat hnh
bnh hanh co hai
canh oi song
song va bang
nhau.
Tra li: hoanh
o bang nhau
va tung o
bang nhau.
Hoc sinh len
bang thc hien.
Bai 6: Goi D (x;y)
Ta co:
AB DC
uuur uuur
(4; 4)
(4 ; 1 )
4 4 0
1 4 5
AB
DC x y
x x
y y

' '

uuur
uuur
Vay D (0;-5)
GV ve hnh len bang.
Hoi:
' ?
' ?
' ?
AC
C B
CA
uuuur
uuuur
uuur
len bang tm toa o
A,B,C da vao gi y
va neu tren
Gv nhan xet va cho
iem
tm toa o G va G
Gv nhan xet va cho
iem
Hoi :co ket luan g ve
v tr cua G
Va G
Hoc sinh tra li
' ' '
' ' '
' ' '
AC B A
C B B A
CA B C
uuuur uuuuur
uuuur uuuuur
uuur uuuuur
3 hoc sinh lan
lt len bang
thc hien
1 hoc sinh len
tm toa o G va
G
TL: G trung G
Bai 7:
8
' ' '
1
4
' ' '
7
A
A
C
C
x
AC B A
y
x
CA B C
y

'

'
uuuur uuuuur
uuur uuuuur
4
' ' '
5
B
B
x
C B B A
y

'

uuuur uuuuur
G= (0,1)
G=(0,1)
G
H6: Gii thieu bai 8
Noi:bai 8 la 1 dang
bai tap a lam v du 2
Yeu cau :1 hoc sinh
len thc hien
Gv ,hoc sinh nhan xet
sa sai va cho iem
Hoc sinh thc
hien
Bai 8:
c ma nb +
r r r
(2; 2), (1; 4), (5; 0) a b c
r r r
2 5
2 4 0
m n
m n
+
' ;
+

1
2
n
m

' ;

2 c a b +
r r r
4/ Cung co: Nam cach bieu dien 1 vect theo hai vect cho trc
Nam cach tm toa o iem, vect da vao ieu kien cho
trc
toa o trung iem, toa o trong tam.
5/ Dan do: lam bai tap on chng
xem lai ly thuyet toan chng

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
24
Nguyen Th Ninh
ON CHNG I
Tiet tpp: 13
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh cung co lai kien thc a hoc nh : cac
khai niem ve vect ,cac phep toan cong , tr, nhan vect vi 1 so , cac
quy tac ve vect ; cac cong thc ve toa o trong he truc oxy
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh ap dung thanh thao cac quy tac 3 iem ,hnh bnh
hanh , tr vao chng minh bieu thc vect ; biet s dung ieu kien hai
vect cung phng e c/m 3 iem thang hang; biet xac nh toa o iem,
vect ,trung iem , trong tam tam giac.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh trong viec tm 1 phng phap ung an vao
giai toan ; linh hoat trong viec chuyen hng giai khac khi hng ang thc
hien khong a en ket qua thoa ang
Ve thai o : Can than, nhanh nhen , chnh xac trong giai toan ,tch cc
chu ong trong cac hoat ong
Van ap- gi m, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Neu cac quy tac hnh bnh hanh , tr , ba iem vi cac
iem bat k
Cho 6 iem M,N,P,Q,R,S bat k . CMR:
MP NQ RS MS NP RQ + + + +

3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:Gii thieu bai 8
Gv ve hnh len bang
Yeu cau :hoc sinh ap
dung cac quy tac va
tnh chat e bieu dien
cac vect theo vect
; OA OB
uuur uuur
GV goi 2 hoc sinh len
bang thc hien
Gv goi hoc sinh khac
nhan xet sa sai
Hoc sinh ve hnh
vao v
Hoc sinh thc
hien bai toan
1 hoc sinh lam
bai8a,b
1 hoc sinh lam
bai8c,d
1 hoc sinh nhan
xet
Bai 8:
a)
OM mOA nOB +
uuuur uuur uuur

Ta co:
1
2
OM OA
uuuur uuur
b)
AN mOA nOB +
uuur uuur uuur
Taco:
1
2
AN AO ON OA OB + +
c)
MN mOA nOB +
uuuur uuur uuur
Taco:
1 1
2 2
MN ON OM OB OA
uuuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur
d)
MB mOA nOB +
uuur uuur uuur
Ta co:
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
25
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv cho iem, chnh xac
ket qua
sa sai 1
2
MB MO OB OB OA +
uuur uuuur uuur uuur uuur

H2:Gii thieu bai 9
Hoi :G la trong tam
V
ABC
Gla trong tam
V
ABC
Ta co nhng bieu thc
vect nao?
Noi: ap dung quy tac
3iemhai lan ta co:
' ' ' ' AA AG GG G A + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuuuur
Hoi : ' ?; ' ? BB CC
uuur uuuur
T o :
' ' ' AA BB CC + +
uuur uuur uuuur
= ?
TL:
GA GB GC O + +
uuur uuur uuur ur
' ' ' ' ' ' G A G B G C O + +
uuuuur uuuuur uuuuur ur
TL:
' ' ' ' BB BG GG G C + +
uuur uuur uuuur uuuuur
' ' ' ' CC CG GG G C + +
uuuur uuur uuuur uuuuur
Hoc sinh bien
oi e a ra
ket qua
' ' ' AA BB CC + +
uuur uuur uuuur
=
3
' GG
uuuur

Bai 9 :G la trong
tam
V
ABC
G la trong tam
V
ABC
C/M:
3 ' ' ' ' GG AA BB CC + +
uuuur uuur uuur uuuur
Giai
Ta co:
' ' ' AA BB CC + +
uuur uuur uuuur
=
' ' ' ' AG GG G A BG GG + + + +
uuur uuuur uuuuur uuur uuuur
+
' ' ' ' ' G B CG GG G C + + +
uuuuur uuur uuuur uuuuur
=
3
' GG
uuuur
(pcm)
v
' ' ' ' ' '
AG BG CG O
A G B G B G O

+ +

' ;
+ +

uuur uuur uuur ur
uuuuur uuuuur uuuuur ur
H3:ii thieu bai 11
Yeu cau: hoc sinh
nhac lai cac cong
thc toa o vect
Gv goi 2 hoc sinh len
bang thc hien
Gv goi hoc sinh khac
nhan xet sa sai
Gv chnh xac va cho
iem
TL:
1 1 2 2
( ; ) u v u v u v t t t
r r
1 2
( ; ) ku ku ku
r
1hoc sinh len
bang thc hien
11a,b
1 hoc sinh len
bang thc hien
11c
1 hoc sinh khac
nhan xet sa
sai
Bai 11:
(2;1); (3; 4); ( 7; 2) a b c
r r r
a)
3 2 4 u a b c +
r r r r
= (40;-
13)
b)
x a b c +
r r r r
x b a c
r r r r
=(8;-7)
c)
c ka hb +
r r r
tm k,h
(2 3 ; 4 ) ( 7; 2) c k h k h +
r
2 3 7
4 2
k h
k h
+
' ;

2
1
k
h

' ;

H4:ii thieu bai 12
Hoi : e hai vect ; u v
r r

cung phng can co
ieu kien g?
Noi : co the a ve k

1 2
2 2
u u
v v
= k e tm m
thc hien
tm m
Gv nhan xet va cho
iem
TL: ; u v
r r
cung
phng can co
u kv
r r
1 hoc sinh len
thc hien
Bai 12:
1 1
5 ( ; 5)
2 2
u i j
r r r
4 ( ; 4) v mi j m
r r r
; u v
r r
cung phng
4
1
5
2
m
m=
2
5
4/ Cung co: Nhac lai cac quy tac tr, 3 iem , hnh bnh hanh ap
dung vao dang toan nao?
Neu cac bieu thc toa o vect , k e hai vect cung
phng, cac tnh chat ve
trung iem , trong tam tam giac va bieu thc toa o cua
no.
5/ Dan do: Lam bai tap con lai va cac cau hoi trac nghiem.
Xem tiep bai au tien cua chng II.

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
26
Nguyen Th Ninh
Chng II: TCH VO HNG CUA HAI VECT VA NG DUNG
1: Ga Tr Lng Giac Cua Mot Goc Bat K T 0
0

en 180
0
Tiet tpp: 14
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh nam c gia tr lng giac cua mot goc
vi
0 0
0 180 , quan he gia cac gia tr lng giac cua hai goc bu nhau ,
cac gia tr lng giac cua goc ac biet
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh biet cach van dung cac gia tr lng giac vao
tnh toan va chng minh cac bieu thc ve gia tr lng giac
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh linh hoat trong viec van dung ly thuyet vao trong
thc hanh , nh chnh xac cac gia tr lng giac cua cac goc ac biet
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau, thc , compa, bang phu ve na ng
tron n v, bang gia tr lng giac cua goc ac biet
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc , thc ,compa
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: cho tam giac vuong ABC co goc
B
la goc nhon
Neu cac t so lng giac cua goc nhon a hoc lp 9
3/ Bai mi:
HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:Hnh thanh nh
ngha :
Noi : trong na ng
tron n v th cac t
so lng giac o c
tnh nh the nao ?
Gv ve hnh len bang
Hoi : trong tam giac OMI
vi goc nhon
th sin
=?
cos
=?
tan
=?
cot
=?
Gv tom tac cho hoc sinh
ghi
Hoi : tan
, cot
xac
Hoc sinh ve hnh
vao v
TL:
sin
=
0
0 1
y MI
M
=
0
y

cos
=
0
1
x OI
OM
=
0
x
tan
=
sin
cos
=
0
0
y
x
I. nh ngha:
Cho na ng tron
n v nh hve .
Lay iem M(
0 0
; x y
)
saocho:
xOM
(
0 0
0 180 )
Khi o cac GTLG cua
la:
sin
=
0
y
; cos
=
0
x
tan
=
0
0
y
x
(k
0
0 x
) cot
=
0
0
x
y
(k
0
0 y
)
VD: cho
=
0
45

M(
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
27
Nguyen Th Ninh
nh khi nao ?
Hoi : neu cho
=
0
45

M(
2 2
;
2 2
) .Khi o:
sin
= ? ; cos
= ?
tan
= ? ; cot
= ?
Hoi: co nhan xet g
ve dau cua
sin
, cos
, tan
, cot

cot
=
cos
sin
=
0
0
x
y
TL:khi
0 0
0, 0 x y
TL: sin
= y
0
=
2
2

; cos
= x
0
=
2
2
tan
=1 ; cot
=1
TL: sin
luon
dng
cos
, tan
, cot
dng khi

<90
0
;am khi 90
0
<
<180
0
2 2
;
2 2
) .Khi o:
sin
=
2
2
; cos
=
2
2
tan
=1 ; cot
=1
*Chu y:
- sin
luon dng
- cos
, tan
, cot

dng khi
la goc
nhon ;am khi
la
goc tu
H2: gii thieu tnh
chat :
Hoi :lay M oi xng
vi M qua oy th goc
x0M bang bao nhieu ?
Hoi : co nhan xet g
ve
sin(
0
180 ) vi sin
cos (
0
180 ) vi cos
tan(
0
180 ) vi tan
cot(
0
180 ) vi cot
Hoi: sin 120

0
= ?
tan 135
0
= ?
TL: goc
x0Mbang 180
0
-
TL:
sin(
0
180 )=sin
cos(
0
180 )= _cos
tan(
0
180 )= _tan
cot(
0
180 )=_cot
TL: sin 120

0
=sin
60
0
tan 135
0
= -tan
45
0

II . Tnh chat:
sin(
0
180 )=sin
cos (
0
180 )= _cos
tan(
0
180 )= _tan
cot(
0
180 )=_cot
VD: sin 120

0
=sin 60
0
tan 135
0
= -tan 45
0

H3: gii thieu gia tr
lng giac cua goc
ac biet :
Gii thieu bang gia tr
lng giac cua goc
ac biet SGK va ch
hoc sinh cach nh
Hoc sinh theo
doi
III. Ga tr lng
giac cua cac goc
ac biet :
(SGK Trang 37)
H4: gii thieu goc
gia 2 vect:
Gv ve 2 vect bat k len
bang
len ve t iem O vect
OA a
uuur r
va
OB b
uuur r
Gv ch ra goc
AOB
la
goc gia 2 vect
a
r
va
b
r
Gv cho hoc sinh ghi vao
v
Hoi : neu (
a
r
,
b
r
)=90
0
th
1 hoc sinh len
bang thc hien
hoc sinh ve hnh
ghi bai vao v
TL:
a
r
va
b
r

vuong goc
a
r
va
b
r
cung
hng
VI .Goc gia hai
vect : nh
ngha:Cho 2 vect
a
r

va
b
r
(khac
0
r
).T
iem O bat k ve
OA a
uuur r
,
OB b
uuur r
.
Goc
AOB
vi so o
t 0
0
en 180
0
goi
la goc gia hai vect
a
r
va
b
r
KH : (
a
r
,
b
r
) hay ( , b a
r r
)
ac biet : Neu (
a
r
,
b
r
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
28
Nguyen Th Ninh
co nhan xet g ve v tr
cua
a
r
va
b
r

Neu (
a
r
,
b
r
)=0
0
th hng
a
r
va
b
r
?
Neu (
a
r
,
b
r
)=180
0
th
hng
a
r
va
b
r
?
Gv gii thieu v du
Hoi : Goc
C
co so o
la bao nhieu ?
Hoi : ( , ) BA BC
uuur uuur
= ?
( , ) AB BC
uuur uuur
=?
( , AC BC
uuur uuur
)=?
( , ) CA CB
uuur uuuur
=?
a
r
va
b
r
ngc
hng
TL:
C
= 90
0
-50
0
=40
0
TL: (
0
, ) 50 BA BC
uuur uuur

0
( , ) 130 AB BC
uuur uuur

0
( , ) 40 CA CB
uuur uuur

0
( , ) 40 AC BC
uuuur uuur
)=90
0
th
ta noi
a
r
va
b
r
vuong
goc nhau .KH:
a b
r r

hay
b a
r r
Neu (
a
r
,
b
r
)=0
0
th
a b
r r
Neu (
a
r
,
b
r
)=180
0
th
a b
r r
VD: cho
V
ABC vuong
tai A , goc
B
=50
0
.Khi
o:
(
0
, ) 50 BA BC
uuur uuur

0
( , ) 130 AB BC
uuur uuur

0
( , ) 40 CA CB
uuur uuur
0
( , ) 40 AC BC
uuuur uuur

4/ Cung co: cho tam giac ABC can tai B ,goc
A
= 30
0
.Tnh
a) cos ( , ) BA BC
uuur uuur
b) tan ( , ) CA CB
uuur uuuur

5/ Dan do: hoc bai va lam bai tap 1,2,3,4,5,6 trang 40
: BAI TAP
Tiet ppct: 15
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh biet cach tnh GTLG cua goc
khi a biet
1 GTLG , c/m cac he thc ve GTLG , tm GTLG cua mot so goc ac biet
Ve ky nang : Hoc sinh van dung mot cach thanh thao cac gia tr lng
giac vao giai toan va c/m mot he thc ve GTLG , tm c chnh xac goc
gia hai vect
Ve t duy : hoc sinh linh hoat sang tao trong viec van dung ly thuyet
vao thc hanh giai toan
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau
Hoc sinh: lam bi trc , hoc ly thuyet k
Hoi ap , neu van e, dien giai, xen cac hoat ong nhom.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Sin 135
0
=?
Cos 60
0
=?
Tan 150
0
=?
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:gii thieu bai 1 Bai 1: CMR trong
V

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
29
Nguyen Th Ninh
Hoi :trong tam giac
tong so o cac goc
bang bao nhieu ?
Suy ra
A
=?
Noi: lay sin 2 ve ta
c ket qua
thc hien
cau 1a,b
GV goi 1 hoc sinh khac
nhan xet
Va sa sai
Gv cho iem
Tra li: tong
so o cac goc
bang 180
0
0
180 ( ) A B C

+
1 hoc sinh len
thc hien
1 hoc sinh nhan
xet sa sai
ABC
a) sinA = sin(B+C)
ta co :
0
180 ( ) A B C

+
nen sinA=sin(180
0
-(
B C

+
))
sinA = sin(B+C)
b) cosA= - cos(B+C)
Tng t ta co:
CosA= cos(180
0
-(
B C

+
))
cosA= - cos(B+C)
H2:gii thieu bai 2
Yeu cau :hoc sinh neu
gia thiet, ket luan bai
toan
GV ve hnh len bang
O
K

A H B
GV gi y: ap dung ty
so lng giac trong tam
giac vuong OAK Goi hoc
sinh len bang thc hien
.
Hoc sinh neu
gia thiet,
ket luan.
Hoc sinh ve hnh
va ghi gia
thiet, ket luan
cua bai toan.
Hoc sinh thc
hien theo yeu
cau cua GV.
Bai 2: GT:
V
ABC can
tai O
OA =a,
AOH
,OH AB
AK OB
KL:AK,OK=?
Giai
Xet
V
OAK vuong tai K
ta co:
Sin AOK=sin 2
=
AK
a
AK=asin 2

cosAOK=cos2
=
OK
a

OK = a cos2

Hoi: T ket qua bai 4
suy ra Cos
2
x = ?
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh the
Cos
2
x vao bieu thc P
e tnh.
Goi 1 hoc sinh len thc
hien.
Tra li:
Cos
2
x = 1 Sin
2
x
P = 3(1- cos
2
x) +
cos
2
x =
25
9
Bai 5: vi cosx=
1
3
P = 3sin
2
x+cos
2
x =
= 3(1- cos
2
x) + cos
2
x
=
= 3-2 cos
2
x = 3-2.
1
9
=
25
9
H4: Gii thieu bai 6. Bai 6: cho hnh vuong
ABCD:
cos( , ) AC BA
uuur uuuur
=cos135
0
=-
2
2
sin( , ) AC BD
uuur uuur
=sin 90
0
=1
cos( , ) BA CD
uuur uuur
=cos0
0
=1
4/ Cung co: hoc sinh can nam cach xac nh goc gia hai vect ,
biet cach tnh GTLG
cua mot so goc thong qua goc ac biet
5/ Dan do: lam bai tap con lai , xem tiep bai tch vo hng cua
hai vect

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
30
Nguyen Th Ninh
2: TCH VO HNG CUA HAI VECT
Tiet tppct: 16
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh nam c nh ngha tch vo hng cua 2
vect va cac tnh chat cua no, nam bieu thc toa o cua tch vo hng,
cong thc tnh o dai va goc gia 2 vect.
Ve ky nang : Xac nh goc gia 2 vect da vao tch vo hng, tnh
c o dai vect va khoang cach gia 2 iem, van dung tnh chat cua
tch vo hng vao giai toan.
Ve t duy : T duy linh hoat sang tao, xac nh goc gia 2 vect e tm
tch vo hng cua chung, chng minh 1 bieu thc vect da vao tch vo
hng.
Ve thai o : Nhan thc ung an ve moi quan he gia cac kien
thc a hoc, gia toan hoc va thc te t o hnh thanh cho hoc sinh thai
o hoc tap tot.
Giao vien: giao an, phan mau, thc, bang phu ve hnh 2.10.
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc , thc ,compa.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Cho ABC V eu. Tnh:
in ( , ) ?
s( , ) ?
S CA CB
Co AB BC
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:Hnh thanh nh
ngha tch vo hng:
GV gii thieu bai toan
hnh 2.8
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
nhac lai cong thc tnh
cong A cua bai toan
tren.
Noi : Gia tr A cua
bieu thc tren trong
toan hoc c goi la
tch vo hng cua 2
vect vaOO' F
ur uuuur
Hoi : Trong toan hoc
cho , a b
r r
th tch vo hng
tnh nh the nao?
Noi: Tch vo hng
cua , a b
r r
k hieu:
. a b
r r
.
Vay:
. . . ( , ) a b a b Cos a b
r r r r r r
Hoi: * ac biet neu
TL:
. ' . A F OO Cos
ur uuuur
TL: Tch vo
hng cua hai
vect vab a
r r
la
. . ( , ) a b Cos a b
r r r r

Hoc sinh ghi bai
vao v.
TL :
. 0 a b a b
r r r r
2
. a b a b a
r r r r r
I. nh ngha:
Cho hai vect , a b
r r
khac
0
r
. Tch vo hng cua
vab a
r r
la mot so k
hieu:
. a b
r r
c xac
nh bi cong thc:
. . . ( , ) a b a b Cos a b
r r r r r r
Chu y:
*
. 0 a b a b
r r r r
*
2
. a b a b a
r r r r r
2
a
r
goi la bnh phng
vo hng cua vec
a
r
.
*
. a b
r r
am hay dng
phu thuoc vao
( , ) Cos a b
r r
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
31
Nguyen Th Ninh
a b
r r
th tch vo hng
se nh the nao?
*
a b
r r
th
. a b
r r
se nh the
nao?
Noi:
2
a
r
goi la bnh
phng vo hng cua
vec
a
r
.
*
a b
r r
th
. a b
r r
se nh the
nao?
GV hnh thanh nen chu
y.
2
. a b a b a
r uur r r r
H2: gii thieu v du:
GV oc e ve hnh len
bang.
Yeu cau :Hoc sinh ch
ra goc gia cac cap
vect sau
( , ), ( , ), ( , ) ? AB AC AC CB AH BC
Hoi : Vay theo cong
thc va hoc ta co
. ? AB AC
uuur uuur

. ?, . ? AC CB AH BC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Goi 3 hoc sinh len bang
thc hien
sin(
0
180 ) vi sin
cos (
0
180 ) vi cos
tan(
0
180 ) vi tan
cot(
0
180 ) vi cot
Hoi: sin 120

0
= ?
tan 135
0
= ?
Hoc sinh ve hnh
vao v.
TL:
0
0
0
( , ) 60
( , ) 120
( , ) 90
AB AC
AC CB
AH BC
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
uuur uuur
TL: . AB AC
uuur uuur
0 2
1
. . 60
2
AB AC Cos a
uuur uuur

. AC CB
uuur uuur
0 2
1
. . 120
2
AC CB Cos a
uuur uuur
AH BC
uuur uuur
. 0 AH BC
uuur uuur

VD: Cho ABC V eu
canh a.
A
H
B
C
Ta co:
. AB AC
uuur uuur

0 2
1
. . 60
2
AB AC Cos a
uuur uuur
. AC CB
uuur uuur

0 2
1
. . 120
2
AC CB Cos a
uuur uuur
AH BC
uuur uuur
. 0 AH BC
uuur uuur
H3: gii thieu cac tnh
chat cua tch vo
hng:
Hoi: Goc gia ( , ), ( , ) a b b a
r r r r

co bang nhau khong?
GV gii thieu tnh chat
giao hoan.
Noi: Tng t nh tnh
chat phep nhan so
nguyen th ay ta
cung co tnh chat phan
phoi, ket hp.
GV gii thieu tnh chat
phan phoi va ket hp.
.( ) ? a b c +
r r r

( . ). ? k a b
r r
*
2 2
0, 0 0 a a a
r r r r
Hoi: T cac tnh chat
tren ta co:
TL: ( , ) ( , ) a b b a
r r r r
Suy ra
. . a b b a
r r r r
TL:
.( ) . . a b c a b a c + +
r r r r r r r
( . ). .( . ) ( . ) k a b k a b a k b
r r r r r r
TL:
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
( ) 2 .
( ) 2 .
( )( )
a b a a b b
a b a a b b
a b a b a b
+ + +
+ +
+
uur uur
r r r r
uur
r r r r r
uur uur
r r r r
2) Cac tnh chat :
Vi 3 vect , , a b c
r r r
bat
ky. Vi moi so k ta
co:
. . a b b a
r r r r
.( ) . . a b c a b a c + +
r r r r r r r
( . ). .( . ) .( . ) k a b k a b a k b
r r r r r r
*
2 2
0, 0 0 a a a
r r r r
* Nhan xet :

2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
( ) 2 .
( ) 2 .
( )( )
a b a a b b
a b a a b b
a b a b a b
+ + +
+ +
+
uur uur
r r r r
uur
r r r r r
uur uur
r r r r
* Chu y:
Tch vo hng cua
hai vect , a b
r r
( vi , a b
r r

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
32
Nguyen Th Ninh

2
2
( ) ?
( ) ?
( )( ) ?
a b
a b
a b a b
+

+
r r
r r
r r r r
Nhan manh:
2 2
2
2 2
( ) 2 .
( )( )
a b a a b b
a b a b a b
t t +
+
r r r r r r
r r r r r r
hoc sinh ghi vao
v

0
r
) :
+Dng khi ( , a b
r r
)la
goc nhon
+Am khi ( , a b
r r
)la goc
tu
+Bang 0 khi
a b
r r
H4: Gii thieu bai
toan hnh 2.10
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh
thao luan theo nhom 3
phut: xac nh
. a b
r r
khi
nao dng, am, bang 0.
GV goi ai dien nhom
tra li.
GV Gii thieu bai toan
hnh 2.10
Yeu cau : Hoc sinh giai
thch cach tnh cong A
1 2 1 2
2
( ). . . (1)
. (2)
F F AB F AB F AB
F AB
+ +
uur uur uuur uur uuur uur uuur

uur uuur
Nhan manh : Moi quan
he gia toan hoc vi
vat ly va thc te.
Hoc sinh thao
luan nhom
TL:
. a b
r r
+Dng khi ( , a b
r r
)la goc nhon
+Am khi ( , a b
r r
)la
goc tu
+Bang 0 khi
a b
r r
TL:(1) do ap
dung tnh chat
phan phoi
(2) do
1
F AB
uur uuur
nen

1
. F AB
uur uuur
=0
* ng dung :
( xem SGK )
4/ Cung co: Nhac lai cong thc tnh tch vo hng
Khi nao th tch vo hng am , dng , bang 0
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai va lam bai tap 1,2,3,4 trang 45

2: TCH VO HNG CUA HAI VECT (tt)
Tiet tppct: 17
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Viet vect
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) a a a b b b
r r
di dang bieu thc toa o theo
vect n v , i j
r r
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
33
Nguyen Th Ninh
H1: Gii thieu bieu
thc toa o
cua tch vo
hng
Noi:ta co
1 2
. . a a i a j +
r r r

1 2
. b b i b j +
r r r
Yeu cau: hoc sinh tnh
. a b
r r
= ?
Hoi: hai vect , i j
r r
nh
the nao vi nhau ,suy ra
. i j
r r
=?
Noi: vay
1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
Hoi: theo bieu thc toa
o th khi
nao
. a b
r r
= 0 ?
TL:
. a b
r r
=
1 2 1 2
( )( ) a i a j b i b j + +
r r r r
=
2 2
1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2
. . a b i a b i j a b i j a b j + + +
ur uur
r r r r
2 2
. a b i j
r r
V i j
r r
nen . i j
r r

=0
Vay
1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
TL:
. a b
r r
= 0 khi va
ch khi
1 1 2 2
. . a b a b +

=0
III . Bieu thc toa
o cua tch vo
hng :
Cho 2 vect
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) a a a b b b
r r
Ta co :

1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
Nhan xet :
. a b
r r
= 0
khi va ch khi
1 1 2 2
. . a b a b +
=0 ( , 0 a b
r r r
)
H2: Gii thieu bai
toan
2
Gv gii thieu bai toan

2
Hoi :e c/m
AB AC
uuur uuur
ta
c/m ieu g ?
Yeu cau :hoc sinh lam
theo nhom trong 3
Gv goi ai dien nhom
trnh bay
Gv nhan xet sa sai
TL: e c/m
AB AC
uuur uuur
ta c/m
. AB AC
uuur uuur
= 0
Hoc sinh lam theo
nhom
( 1; 2) AB
uuur
(4; 2) AC
uuur
. AB AC
uuur uuur
= -1.4+(-2)
(-2)
= 0
suy ra
AB AC
uuur uuur

Bai toan :
Cho A(2;4) ; B(1;2) ;
C(6;2)
CM:
AB AC
uuur uuur
giai
Ta co : ( 1; 2) AB
uuur
(4; 2) AC
uuur

. AB AC
uuur uuur
=-1.4+(-2)(-
2)=0
vay
AB AC
uuur uuur

H3: Gii thieu o dai,
goc gia 2 vect theo
tao o va v du:
Cho
1 2
( ; ) a a a
r
Yeu cau : tnh
2
a
r
va
suy ra
a
r
?
Gv nhan manh cach tnh
o dai vect
a
r
theo
cong thc
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
Hoi :t
. . . ( , ) a b a b Cos a b
r r r r r r

suy ra cos( , ) a b
r r
= ?
Yeu cau : hoc sinh viet
cos( , ) a b
r r
di dang toa
o
GV neu v du
Yeu cau : hoc sinh
thao luan nhom trong 2
TL:
2
2 2
1 2
. a a a a a +
r r r

2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
Hoc sinh ghi vao
v
TL: cos( , ) a b
r r
=
.
.
a b
a b
r r
r r
=
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
.
a b a b
a a b b
+
+ +
ai dien nhom
trnh bay

IV . ng dung :
Cho
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) a a a b b b
r r
a) o dai vect :

2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
b) Goc gia hai vect :
cos( , ) a b
r r
=
.
.
a b
a b
r r
r r
=
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
.
a b a b
a a b b
+
+ +
VD : (SGK)
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
34
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv goi len bang thc
hien
H 4: Gii thieu cong
thc khoang cach gia
2 iem va VD:
Cho hai iem
( ; ), ( ; )
A A B B
A x y B x y
Yeu cau :hoc sinh tm
toa o
AB
uuur
Hoi :theo cong thc
o dai vect
a
r
th tng
t o dai
AB
uuur
= ?
Gv nhan manh o dai
AB
uuur
chnh la khoang
cach t A en B
GV neu v du
Yeu cau : hoc sinh tm
khoang cach gia hai
iem N va M
TL:
( ; )
B A B A
AB x x y y
uuur
2 2
( ) ( )
B A B A
AB x x y y +
uuur
Hoc sinh ghi
cong thc vao
TL: (3; 1) MN
uuuur
9 1 10 MN +
uuuur
c) Khoang cach gia
2 iem:
Cho hai iem

( ; ), ( ; )
A A B B
A x y B x y

Khi o khoang cach
gia A,B la :
2 2
( ) ( )
B A B A
AB x x y y +
uuur
VD : (SGK)
4/ Cung co: Cho tam giac ABC vi A(-1;2) ,B(2;1) ,C(-1;1)
Tnh cos (
AB
uuur
,
AC
uuur
)
GV cho hoc sinh thc hien theo nhom
5/ Dan do: Hoc bai va lam bai tap 4,5,6,7 trang 45
: BAI TAP TCH VO HNG
Tiet ppct: 19
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh nam cach tnh tch vo hng cua hai vect
theo o dai va theo toa o, biet cach xac nh o dai, goc gia hai vect,
khoang cach gia hai iem.
Ve ky nang : Xac nh goc gia hai vect, tch vo hng cua hai vect,
tnh o dai, khoang cach gia hai iem, ap dung cac tnh chat vao giai
bai tap.
Ve t duy : Biet qui la ve quen, xac nh ung hng giai bai toan.
Ve thai o : Can than, chnh xac khi tnh toan cac toa o, tch cc trong
cac hoat ong.
Giao vien: Giao an, phan mau, tht.
Hoc sinh: Lam bi trc , hoc ly thuyet k.
Hoi ap , neu van e, dien giai.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Cho 3 iem
(3; 2), ( 2;1), (2; 1) M N P
. Tnh ( , )? Cos MN NP
uuuur uuur
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
35
Nguyen Th Ninh
H1:gii thieu bai 1
gia thiet, ket luan cua
bai toan.
GV ve hnh len bang.
Hoi : So o cac goc
cua ABC V ?
Yeu cau: Hoc sinh
nhac lai cong thc tnh
tch vo hng ?
Gv goi 1 hoc sinh len thc
hien.
Gv nhan xet cho iem.
Tra li:
GT: ABC V vuong
can
AB = AC = a
KL: . , . ? AB AC AC CB
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Tra li:
0
90 A

0
45 B C
. . . ( , ) a b a b Cos a b
r r r r r r
Hoc sinh len
bang tnh
Bai 1: ABC V vuong
AB = AC = a
Tnh: . , . ? AB AC AC CB
uuur uuur uuur uuur

Giai: Ta co AB AC
. 0 AB AC
uuur uuur
2 2
2 BC AB AC a +
. . . ( , ) AC CB AC CB Cos AC CB
0 2
. 2. 135 a a Cos a
H2:gii thieu bai 2
GV ve 2 trng hp O
nam ngoai AB A
B O
O A
B
Hoi :Trong 2 trng hp
tren th hng cua vect
, OA OB
uuur uuur
co thay oi khong
?
Hoi :
. ? OAOB
uuur uuur
va
( , ) ? OA OB
uuur uuur
Suy ra
. ? OAOB
uuur uuur
GV ve trng hp O nam
trong AB
A O B
Hoi: Co nhan xet g ve
hng cua OA, OB
. ? OAOB
uuur uuur
Tra li: Ca 2
trng hp
, OA OB
uuur uuur
eu cung
hng.
Tra li:
. OAOB
uuur uuur
. . ( , ) OAOBCos OA OB
uuur uuur
0
( , ) 0 OA OB
uuur uuur
Hoc sinh ghi vao
v.
Tra li: , OA OB
uuur uuur

ngc hng.

0
. . . 180
.
OAOB a bCos
a b

uuur uuur
Bai 2: OA = a, OB = b
a/ O nam ngoai oan
AB nen , OA OB
uuur uuur
cung
hng.
. . . ( , )
. .1 .
OAOB OA OB Cos OA OB
a b a b

b/ O nam trong oan AB
nen , OA OB
uuur uuur
ngc
hng.
0
. . . 180
.
OAOB a bCos
a b

uuur uuur
GV ve hnh len bang.
GV gi y cho hoc sinh
thc hien: tnh tch vo
hng tng ve roi bien
oi cho chung bang
nhau.
GV goi 2 hoc sinh len thc
hien roi cho iem tng
hoc sinh.
Noi: T ket qua cau a
cong ve theo ve ta c
ket qua.
GV goi hoc sinh thc hien
va cho iem.
Hoc sinh theo
doi.
HS
1
:
. . AI AM AI AB
uur uuuur uur uuur
HS
2
:
. . BI BN BI BA
uur uuur uur uuur
HS
3
: Cong ve
theo ve
. . AI AM BI BN +
uur uuuur uur uuur
2
2
( )
4
AB AI IB
AB R
+

uuur uur uur
uuur
Bai 3: a/
. . AI AM AI AM
uur uuuur
. . .
.
. . (1)
AI AB AI ABCosIAB
AI AM
AI AM AI AB

uur uuur
uur uuuur uur uuur
Tng t ta chng minh
c:
. . (2) BI BN BI BA
uur uuur uur uuur
b/ Cong ve theo ve (1)
va (2):
2
2
. . ( )
4
AI AM BI BN AB AI IB
AB R
+ +

uur uuuur uur uuur uuur uur uur
uuur
4/ Cung co: Nhac lai cong thc tnh tch vo hng cua 2 vect
. a b
r r
.
Khi nao th
. a b
r r
la so am, so dng, bang khong, bang tch o dai cua
chung, bang am tch o dai cua chung.
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
36
Nguyen Th Ninh
5/ Dan do: lam bai tap 4, 5, 6, 7 trang 46, SGK.

: BAI TAP TCH VO HNG (tt)
Tiet ppct: 20
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Neu cong thc tnh goc gia 2 vect theo toa o ?
Cho (2; 3), (6; 4) a b
r r
. Tm ( , ) a b
r r
?
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:gii thieu bai 4
GV gii thieu bai 4
Hoi: D nam tren ox th
toa o cua no se nh
the nao ?
Noi : Goi D(x;0) do DA =
DB nen ta co ieu g ?
bang thc hien va cho
iem.
Yeu cau: 1 hoc sinh
len bang bieu dien 3
iem D, A, B len mp Oxy.
Noi: Nhn hnh ve ta
thay
V
OAB la tam giac g
?
Yeu cau: Dung cong
thc toa o chng minh
V
OAB vuong tai A va tnh
dien tch.
Gv goi 1 hoc sinh len thc
hien.
Gv nhan xet cho iem.
Tra li:
D ox co tung
o bang 0.
Tra li :
2 2
2 2
2
2
(1 ) 3
(4 ) 2
1 2 9
16 8 4
5
6 10
3
x
x
x x
x x
x x
+
+
+ +
+ +

Hoc sinh len
bang tnh
Tra li:
V
OAB
vuong tai A
Tra li:
1
.
2
S OA AB
1
9 1 9 1 5
2
+ +
Bai 4: a/ Goi D (x;0)
Ta co: DA = DB
2 2
2 2
(1 ) 9 (4 ) 4
1 2 9 16 8 4
5 5
6 10 ( ; 0)
3 3
x x
x x x x
x x D
+ +
+ + + +

c/ y
3 A
2 B

O 1 4
x
Ta co: (1;3), (3; 1) OA OB
uuur uuur
. 3 ( 3) 0 OAOB
OA OB
+

uuur uuur
uuur uuur
Hay
V
OAB vuong tai A
1 1
. 9 1 9 1 5
2 2
S OA AB + +
H2:gii thieu bai 6
Hoi:T giac can ieu
kien g th tr thanh hnh
vuong ?
Noi: co nhieu cach e
chng minh 1 t giac la
hnh vuong, ay ta
chng minh 4 canh bang
nhau va 1 goc vuong.
Yeu cau: 1hs len tm 4
canh va 1 goc vuong.
Gv nhan xet va cho
Tra li: T
giac co 4 canh
bang nhau va 1
goc vuong la
hnh vuong.
Tra li:
50 AB
uuur
50 BC CD DA
uuur uuur uuur
. 1.( 7) 7.1 0 AB BC +
uuur uuur
AB BC
uuur uuur
Bai 6:
(7; 3), (8; 4) A B
(1;5), (0; 2) C D
Giai:
( 1; 7) 50
( 7;1) 50
( 1; 7) 50
( 7; 1) 50
AB AB
BC BC
CD CD
DA DA

uuur
uuur
uuur
uuur
. 1.( 7) 7.1 0 AB BC +
uuur uuur
AB BC
uuur uuur
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
37
Nguyen Th Ninh
iem. ABCD W la hnh
vuong
ABCD W la hnh vuong
Bieu dien A tren mp toa
o Oxy.
Hoi: B oi xng vi A
qua goc toa o O. Vay B
co toa o la ?
Noi: Goi
( ; 2). C x ABC V

vuong C
. 0 CACB
uuur uuur r
Hoi: ?, ? CA CB
uuur uuur
Tm toa o iem C ?
GV goi hoc sinh thc hien
va cho iem.
Hoc sinh theo
doi.
Tra li:
(2; 1) B
Tra li:
( 2 ; 1) CA x
uuur
(2 ; 1) CB x
uuur
2
( 2 )(2 ) 3 0
4 3 0 1
x x
x x
+
t
1 2
(1; 2), ( 1; 2) C C
Bai 7:
Giai: B oi xng vi A
qua O
(2; 1) B
Goi ( ; 2) ( 2 ; 1) C x CA x
uuur
(2 ; 1) CB x
uuur
2
2
. ( 2 )(2 ) 3
4 3 0
1 1
CACB x x
x
x x
+

t
uuur uuur
Vay co 2 iem C thoa
e bai
1 2
(1; 2), ( 1; 2) C C
4/ Cung co: Nhac lai cac bieu thc tm tch vo hng, tm goc
gia hai vect, tm khoang cach gia hai iem theo toa o.
5/ Dan do: Xem lai tat ca cac kien thc a hoc, chuan b thi hoc
ky I.

: ON TAP CUOI HOC KY I
Tiet ppct: 21
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh he thong lai cac kien thc a hoc ve
vect, he truc toa o, va tch vo hng cua hai vect.
Ve ky nang : Chng minh mot bieu thc vect, giai cac dang toan ve
truc toa o. Chng minh cac he thc ve gia tr lng giac, tnh tch vo
hng cua hai vect.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong viec van dung kien thc vao
giai toan, biet quy la ve quen.
Ve thai o : Can than, chnh xac trong tnh toan, lien he toan hoc vao
thc te.
Hoc sinh: On tap trc.
Hoi ap , neu van e, gi m, dien giai.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi:
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1: Nhac lai cac phep
toan ve vect.
Hoi: 2 vect cung phng
khi nao? Khi nao th 2
Tra li:2 vect
cung phng khi
gia song song
I. Vect :
Hai vect cung
phng khi gia cua
no song song hoac
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
38
Nguyen Th Ninh
vect co the cung
hng hoac ngc
hng ?
Hoi: 2 vect c goi la
bang nhau khi nao ?
Yeu cau: Neu cach ve
vect tong va hieu cua
vab a
r r
.
quy tac hbh ABCD, quy tac
3 iem, quy tac tr?
Hoi: The nao la vect
oi cua
a
r
?
Hoi: Co nhan xet g ve
hng va o dai cua
vect
. vi a k a
r r
?
Yeu cau: Neu ieu
kien e 2 vect cung
phng ?
Neu tnh chat trung iem
oan thang ?
Neu tnh chat trong tam
cua tam giac ?
hoac trung nhau.
Khi 2 vect cung
phng th no mi
co the cung
hng hoac
ngc hng.
Tra li :
, cung hng
a
a b
a b
b

'
r r
r r
r r
Tra li: Ve
tong b a +
r r
Ve , OA a AB b
uuur r uuur r
OB a b +
uuur r r
Ve hieu b a
r r
Ve , OA a OB b
uuur r uuur r
BA a b
uuur r r
Tra li:
AC AB AD
AC AB BC
AB OB OA
+
+

uuur uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur
Tra li: La
vect
a
r
Tra li:
. cung hng a, k >0 k a
r r
. ngc hng a, k <0 k a
r r
. coodai lak . a k a
r r
Tra li:
cung phng b a
r r

. a k b
r r
I la trung iem
cua AB
: 2 M MA MB MI +
uuur uuur uuur
G la trong tam
ABC V th: M ta
co:
3. MA MB MC MG + +
trung nhau.
Hai vect cung
phng th chung co
the cung hng
hoac ngc hng
, cung hng
a
a b
a b
b

'
r r
r r
r r
Ve vect b a +
r r
a
r

b
r
A
b
r

B

a
r

O
b a +
r r
Ve vect b a
r r
A

a
r

b a
r r
O
b
r

B
Quy tac hbh ABCD
AC AB AD +
uuur uuur uuur
Quy tac 3 iem A, B,
C
AC AB BC +
uuur uuur uuur
Quy tac tr
AB OB OA
uuur uuur uuur
Vect oi cua a
r
la
a
r
.
( Vect oi cua
AB
uuur
la
BA
uuur
)
. cung hng a khi k >0 k a
r r
. ngc hng a khi k <0 k a
r r

. coodai lak . a k a
r r

. vab cung phng khi: a a k b
r r r r
I la trung iem AB:
2 MA MB MI +
uuur uuur uuur
G la trong tam ABC V
:
3. MA MB MC MG + +
H2:Nhac lai cac kien
thc ve he truc toa o
Oxy.
Hoi:Trong he truc ( ; ; ) O i j
r r

cho ( ; ) ? u x y u
r r
' ( '; ') : ' ? u x y u u
ur ur r
Hoi: The nao la toa o
Tra li:
. . u x i y j +
r r r
'
'
'
x x
u u
y y

'
r ur
Tra li: Toa o
II. He truc toa o
Oxy:
( ; ) . . u x y u x i y j +
r r r r
'
'( '; ')
'
x x
u u x y
y y

'
r ur
Cho
( ; ), ( ; )
A A B B
A x y B x y

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
39
Nguyen Th Ninh
iem M ?
Hoi: Cho
( ; ), ( ; )
A A B B
A x y B x y

? AB
uuur
Yeu cau: Cho
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) u u u v v v
r r
Viet , , . u v u v k u +
r r r r r
, u v
r r
cung phng khi nao ?
Yeu cau: Neu cong
thc toa o trung iem
AB, toa o trong tam
ABC V .
cua iem M la
toa o cua vect
OM
uuuur
.
Tra li:
( ; )
B A B A
AB x x y y
uuur
1 1 2 2
( ; ) u v u v u v t t t
r r
1 2
. ( . ; . ) k u k u k u
r
Tra li: , u v
r r
cung
phng khi
1 1 2 2
. , . u k v u k v
Tra li: I la T
cua AB
,
2 2
A B A B
I I
x x y y
x y
+ +

G la trong tam
ABC V
3.
3.
A B C G
A B C G
x x x x
y y y y
+ +
+ +
( ; )
B A B A
AB x x y y
uuur
Cho
1 2 1 2
( ; ), ( ; ) u u u v v v
r r

1 1 2 2
( ; ) u v u v u v t t t
r r

1 2
. ( . ; . ) k u k u k u
r
, u v
r r
cung phng
1 1
2 2
.
.
u k v
u k v

'
I la trung iem AB
th ,
2 2
A B A B
I I
x x y y
x y
+ +

G la trong tam ABC V
th
3.
3.
A B C G
A B C G
x x x x
y y y y
+ +
'
+ +
H3: Nhac lai cac kien

thc ve tch vo hng.
Hoi:
0
0
0
0
sin(180 ) ?
cos(180 ) ?
tan(180 ) ?
cot(180 ) ?

Yeu cau:Nhac lai gia
tr lng giac cua 1 so
goc ac biet.
Yeu cau: Neu cach
xac nh goc gia 2
vect
vab a
r r
Hoi: Khi nao th goc
0
( , ) 0 a b
r r
?
0
( , ) 90 a b
r r
?,
0
( , ) 180 a b
r r
?
Yeu cau: Nhac lai
cong thc tnh tch vo
hng
. a b
r r
theo o dai
va theo toa o ?
Hoi: Khi nao th
. a b
r r
bang
khong, am, dng ?
Tra li:
0
0
0
0
sin(180 ) sin
cos(180 ) cos
tan(180 ) tan
cot(180 ) cot

Tra li: Nhac lai
bang Gia tr lng
giac
Tra li: B

a
r

b
r

A
O
Ve , OA a OB b
uuur r uuur r
Goc
( , ) AOB a b
r r
Tra li:
0
( , ) 0 a b
r r
khi
b a
r r
0
( , ) 90 a b
r r
khi
b a
r r
0
( , ) 180 a b
r r
khi
b a
r r
Tra li:
1 1 2 2
. . .cos( , )
. . .
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
+
r r r r r r
r r
Tra li:
. 0
, 0
a b
a b
a b
r r
r r
r r r
. 0 , ) khi (a lanhon a b b >
r r r r
III. Tch vo hng:
0
0
0
0
sin(180 ) sin
cos(180 ) cos
tan(180 ) tan
cot(180 ) cot

Bang gia tr lng
giac mot so goc
ac biet (SGK trang 37)
Goc gia
( , ) a b AOB
r r
Vi , OA a OB b
uuur r uuur r
0
( , ) 0 a b
r r
khi b a
r r

0
( , ) 90 a b
r r
khi
b a
r r

0
( , ) 180 a b
r r
khi
b a
r r
Tch vo hng
1 1 2 2
. . .cos( , )
. . .
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
+
r r r r r r
r r
. 0 a b a b
r r r r

(Vi , 0 a b
r r r
)
. 0 , ) khi (a lanhon a b b >
r r r r
. 0 , ) khi (a latu a b b <
r r r r
2 2
2
( ) 2 . a b a a b b t t +
r r r r r r
2 2
( ).( ) a b a b a b +
r r r r r r
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
40
Nguyen Th Ninh
Hoi: Neu cong thc
tnh o dai vect ?
Yeu cau: Neu cong
thc tnh goc gia 2
vect .
. 0 , ) khi (a latu a b b <
r r r r
Tra li:
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
Tra li:
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
cos( , )
.
a b a b
a b
a a b b
+
+ +
r r
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
cos( , )
.
a b a b
a b
a a b b
+
+ +
r r
2 2
( ) ( )
B A B A
AB x x y y +
uuur
4/ Cung co: Sa cac cau hoi trac nghiem trang 28, 29 SGK.
5/ Dan do: On tap cac ly thuyet va lam cac bai tap con lai.
Xem lai cac bai tap a lam .
CC H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIAC VA GIAI TAM GIAC
(3 tiet) 23+24+25
Tiet ppct: 23
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Giup hoc sinh cac he thc lng trong tam giac vuong ,
inh l ham so sin , cosin, cong thc tnh dien tch tam giac ,t o biet ap
dung vao giai tam giac va ng dung vao trong thc te o ac
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang tnh canh , goc trong tam giac ,tnh
dien tch tam giac
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong viec tnh toan bien oi cong
thc
Ve thai o : Hoc sinh nam cong thc t o biet lien he toan hoc
vao thc te
Hoc sinh: xem lai he thc lng a hoc
Hoi ap , neu van e, gi m, xen hoat ong nhom
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi:
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1: Gii thieu HTL trong
tam giac vuong
Gv gii thieu bai toan 1
Yeu cau : hc sinh ngoi
theo nhom gv phan cong
thc hien
Gv chnh xac cac HTL
trong tam giac vuong cho
hc sinh ghi
Hc sinh theo doi
TL:
N1: a
2
=b
2
+
b
2
= ax
N2: c
2
= ax
h
2
=bx
N3: ah=bx
*Cac he thc lng
trong tam giac
vuong :
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
A
b
2
= ax b
b
c
2
= a x c c h
C
h
2
=bx cB c
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
41
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv at van e oi vi
tam giac bat ki thi cac HTL
tren the hieu qua nh l sin
va cosin nh sau

2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c
+
N4: sinB= cosC =
b
a
SinC= cosB =
c
a
N5:tanB= cotC =
b
c
N6:tanC= cotB =
c
b

b
ah=b x c H a

2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c
+
sinB= cosC =
b
a
SinC= cosB=
c
a
tanB= cotC =
b
c
tanC= cotB =
c
b
H2:Gii thieu inh l
cosin vahe qua
Hoi : cho tam giac ABC thi
theo qui tac 3 iem
BC
uuur
=?
Viet :
2 2
( ) BC AC AB
uuuur
uuur uuur
=?
Hoi :
. AC AB
uuur uuur
=?
Viet:BC
2
=AC
2
+AB
2
-
2AC.AB.cosA
Noi : vay trong tam giac
bat ki thi BC
2
=AC
2
+AB
2
-
2AC.AB.cosA
Hoi : AC
2
, AB
2
=?
Noi :at AC=b,AB=c,
BC=a thi t cong thc
tren ta co :
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
-2bc.cosA
b
2
=a
2
+c
2
-2ac.cosB
c
2
=a
2
+b
2
-2ab.cosC
Hoi:Neu tam giac
vuong thi inh l tren tr
thanh inh l quen thuoc
nao ?
Hoi :t cac cong thc
tren hay suy ra cong
thc tnh cosA,cosB,cosC?

Gv cho hc sinh ghi he
qua
TL:
AC AB
uuur uuur
TL:
2 2 2
BC AC AB +
uuuur uuuur uuuur
-
2 . AC AB
uuur uuur

TL:
. AC AB
uuur uuur
=
. AC AB
uuur uuur
.cos A
TL:
AC
2
=AB
2
+BC
2
-

2AB.BC.cosB
AB
2
=BC
2
+AC
2
-

2BC.AC.cosC
Hc sinh ghi v
TL: Neu tam giac
vuong thi inh l
tren tr thanh
Pitago
TL:CosA=
2 2 2
2
b c a
bc
+
CosB =
2 2 2
2
a c b
ac
+
CosC =
2 2 2
2
a b c
ab
+
1.inh l cosin:
Trong tam giac ABC
bat ki
viBC=a,AB=c,AC=b ta
co :
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
-2bc.cosA
b
2
=a
2
+c
2
-2ac.cosB
c
2
=a
2
+b
2
-2ab.cosC
*He qua :
CosA=
2 2 2
2
b c a
bc
+
CosB =
2 2 2
2
a c b
ac
+
CosC =
2 2 2
2
a b c
ab
+
H3: Gii thieu o dai
trung tuyen
Gv ve hinh len bang A
Hoi :ap dung inh l c
b
cosin cho tamgiac
m
a
ABM thi m
a
2
=? B / M
/ C
Tng t m
b
2
=?;m
c
2
=? a
TL: m
a
2
=c
2
+(
2
a
)
2
-
2c
2
a
.cosB ,ma
CosB
=
2 2 2
2
a c b
ac
+

nen
*Cong thc tnh o
dai ng trung tuyen
:
m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
b c a +
m
b
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
a c b +
m
c
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
a b c +
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
42
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv cho hc sinh ghi cong
thc
Gv gii thieu bai toan 4
Hoi :e tnh m
a
thi can
co d kien nao ?
Yeu cau :1 hc sinh len
thc hien
Gv nhan xet sa sai
m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
b c a +
m
b
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
a c b +
m
c
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
a b c +
TL:e tnh m
a
can

co a,b,c
TH: m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
b c a +
=
2(64 36) 49 151
4 4
+
suy ra m
a
=
151
2
vi m
a,
m
b
,m
c
lan lt
la o dai ng
trung tuyen ng vi
canh a,b,c cua tam
giac ABC
Bai toan 4 :tam giac
ABC co a=7,b=8,c=6 thi
:
m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
b c a +
=
2(64 36) 49 151
4 4
+
suy ra m
a
=
151
2
H4:gii thieu v du
Gv gii thieu v du 1
Hoi :bai toan cho
b=10;a=16
C
=110
0
.Tnh c,

; A B ?
GV nhan xet cho iem
Hd hc sinh sa sai
Gv gii thieu v du 2
Hoi :e ve hp cua hai
lc ta dung qui tac nao a
hoc ?
Yeu cau :1hs len ve hp
lc cua f
1
va f
2
Hoi : ap dung inh l cosin
cho tam giac 0AB thi s
2
=?
Gv nhan xet cho iem
Hd hc sinh sa sai
HS1:c
2
= a
2
+b
2
-
2ab.cosC
=16
2
+10
2
-
2.16.10.cos110
0
;
465,4
c
;
465, 4 21, 6 ; cm
HS2:

CosA=
2 2 2
2
b c a
bc
+
0,7188
A

44
0
2
Suy ra
B
=25
0
58
TL:ap dung qui
tac hinh binh
hanh A B
TH: f
1

s
r
0 f
2
TL: s
2
= f
1
2
+ f
2
2
-
2f
1
.f
2
cosA
Ma
cosA=cos(180
0
-
)
=cos
vay
s
2
= f
1
2
+ f
2
2
-
2f
1
.f
2
.cos
*V du :
GT:a=16cm,b=10cm,

C
=110
0
KL: c,

; A B ?
Giai
c
2
= a
2
+b
2
-2ab.cosC
=16
2
+10
2
-
2.16.10.cos110
0
;
465,4
c
;
465, 4 21, 6 ; cm
CosA=
2 2 2
2
b c a
bc
+
0,7188
A

44
0
2
Suy ra
B
=25
0
58
SGKT50
, 4/ Cung co: nhac lai inh l cosin , he qua , cong thc tnh ng
trung tuyen cua tam giac
5/ Dan do: hoc bai , xem tiep inh l sin ,cong thc tnh dien tch tam
giac
lam bai tap 1,2,3 T59
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
43
Nguyen Th Ninh
(3 tiet) 23+24+25
Tiet ppct: 24
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Nu nh l cosin trong tam gic
Cho tam gic ABC c b=3,c=45 ,
A
=45
0
. Tnh a?
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1: Gii thiu nh l sin
Gv gii thiu A

D
O

B
C
Cho tam gic ABC ni tip
ng trn tm O bn knh R
, v tam gic DBC vung ti
C
H i: so snh gc A v D ?
Sin D=? suy ra sinA=?
Tng t sinB =?; sinC=?
H i :hc sinh nhn xt g v
; ;
sin sin sin
a b c
A B C
? t hnh
thnh nn nh l ?
Gv chnh xc cho hc sinh
ghi
H i: cho tam gic u ABC
cnh a th bn knh ng
trn ngoi tip tam gic l
bao nhiu ?
Gv cho hc sinh tho lun
theo nhm 3
Gv gi i din nhm trnh
by
Gv v hc sinh cng nhn
xt sa sai
TL:

A D
Sin D=
2
BC
R
suy ra
SinA=
2
BC
R
=
2
a
R
SinB=
2
b
R
;SinC=
2
c
R
sin sin sin
a b c
A B C

=2R
Trnh by :Theo
nh l th :
R=
2sin
a
A
=
0
2.sin 60
a
=
3
3
a
2. nh l sin :
Trong tam gic ABC bt k
vi BC=a,CA=b,AB=c v
R l bn knh ng trn
ngoi tip tam gic ta
c :
2
sin sin sin
a b c
R
A B C

V d : cho tam gic u
ABC cnh a th bn knh
ng trn ngoi tip tam
gic :
R=
2sin
a
A
=
0
2.sin 60
a
=
3
3
a
H 2 :Gii thiu v d
H i: tnh gc A bng cch
no ?
p dng nh l no tnh R ?
Yu c u :hc sinh ln thc
hin
Gv gi hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai ri cho im
H i : tnh b,c bng cch
TL:tnh
A
=180
0
-(

B C +
)
tnh R theo nh l
sin
Trnh by :
A
=180
0
-(

B C +
)=180
0
-140
0

=40
0
V d : bi 8trang 59
Cho a=137,5 cm

0 0
83 ; 57 B C
Tnh
A
,R,b,c
Gi i
A
=180
0
-(

B C +
)=180
0
-
140
0

=40
0
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
44
Nguyen Th Ninh
no ?
Yu c u : hc sinh ln thc
hin
xt sa sai ri cho im
Theo l sin ta suy
ra c :
R=
0
137, 5
2sin 2.sin 40
a
A

=106,6cm
TL: b=2RsinB

c=2RsinC

Theo l sin ta suy ra c
:
R=
0
137, 5
2sin 2.sin 40
a
A

=106,6
cm
b=2RsinB=2.106,6.sin
83
0

=211,6cm
c=2RsinC=2.106,6.sin57
0

=178,8cm
H 3 :Gii thiu cng thc tnh
din tch tam gic
H i: nu cng thc tnh din
tch tam gic hc ?
Ni :trong tam gic bt k
khng tnh c ng cao
th ta s tnh din tch theo
nh l hm s sin nh sau:
A
h
a
B H a
C
H i: xt tam gic AHC cnh
h
a
c tnh theo cnh thc
no ? suy ra S=? ( k ht cc
cng thc tnh S)
GV gii thiu thm cng thc
3,4 tnh S theo na chu vi
TL: S=
1
2
a.h
a
TL: h
a
=bsinC
Suy ra S=
1
2
a.h
a
=
1
2
a.b.sinC
=
1 1
sin sin
2 2
ab C bc A
3.Cng th c tnh di n
tch tam gic :
S=
1
sin
2
ac B
=
1 1
sin sin
2 2
ab C bc A
S=
4
abc
R
S=pr

S=
( )( )( ) p p a p b p c
(cng thc H-
rng)
H 4 : Gii thiu v d
Gv gii thiu v d
H i: tnh S theo cng thc
no ?
Da vo u tnh r?
Gv cho hc sinh lm theo
nhm 5
Gi i din 2 nhm ln trnh
by
Gv nhn xt v cho im
Gv gii thiu v d 1,2 trong
SGK cho hc sinh v tham
kho
TL:Tnh S theo S=
( )( )( ) p p a p b p c
=31,3 vdt
S=pr
31, 3
14
S
r
p

=2,24
V d : bi 4trang 49
a=7 , b=9 , c=12
Tnh S,r
Gi i
p=
2
a b c + +
=14
S= 14.7.5.2 980 =31,3
vdt
S=pr
31, 3
14
S
r
p

=2,24
4/ Cung co: nhac lai inh l sin ,cong thc tnh din tch cua tam giac
5/ Dan do: hoc bai , xem tip phn cn li ca bi
lam bai tap 5,6,7 T59
(3 tiet) 23+24+25
Tiet ppct: 25
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
45
Nguyen Th Ninh
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Nu nh l sin trong tam gic
Cho tam gic ABC c
A
=45
0
,
B
=60
0
, a=2
2
.Tnh b,c,R
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu v d 1
Ni :gii tam gic l tm tt
c cc d kin cnh v gc
ca tam gic
Gv gii thiu v d 1 l dng
cho 1 cnh v 2 gc
H i :vi dng ny tm cc
cnh v gc cn li ta tm
cnh gc no trc v p
dng cng thc no tnh ?
Gv chnh xc cu tr li hc
sinh
Yu c u : 1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
xt sa sai
Gv chnh xc v cho im
Hc sinh theo di
TL: nu bit 2 gc
th ta tm gc cn
li trc ly tng 3
gc tr tng 2 gc
bit ,sau p
dng nh l sin tnh
cc cnh cn li
1 hc sinh ln lm
1 hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
4.Gi i tam gic v ng
d ng vo vi c o c :
a. Gi i tam gic:
Gii tam gic l tm tt c
cc cnh v gc trong
tam gic
V d 1 : (SGK T56)
Sa s khc SGK
H 2: Gii thiu v d 2
cho 2 cnh v 1 gc xen gia
chng
H i :vi dng ny tm cc
cnh v gc cn li ta tm
cnh gc no trc v p
dng cng thc no tnh ?
sinh
hin
xt sa sai
Gv chnh xc v cho im
Hc sinh theo di
TL: bi ton cho
bit 2 cnh v 1 gc
xen gia chng ta
p dng nh l
cosin tnh cnh cn
li ,sau p dng
h qu ca l cosin
tnh cc gc cn li
1 hc sinh ln lm
1 hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
V d 2 :(SGK T56)
Sa s khc SGK
H3:Gii thiu v d 3
cho 3 cnh ta phi tnh cc
gc cn li
Hi :vi dng ny tm cc
gc cn li ta p dng cng
thc no tnh ?
sinh
Hc sinh theo di
TL: bi ton cho
bit 3 cnh ta p
dng h qu nh l
cosin cc gc cn
li
1 hc sinh ln lm
V d 3 :(SGK T56+57)
Sa s khc SGK
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
46
Nguyen Th Ninh
hin tnh cc gc cn li
xt sa sai
Gv chnh xc v cho im
Yu c u : hc sinh nhc li
cc cng thc tnh din tch
tam gic
H i: tnh din tch tam
gic trong trng hp ny ta
p dng cng thc no tnh
c ?
sinh
hin
xt sa sai
Gv chnh xc v cho im

1 hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
TL: S=
1
sin
2
ac B

=
1 1
sin sin
2 2
ab C bc A
S=
4
abc
R
S=pr
S=
( )( )( ) p p a p b p c
Trong trng hp
ny p dng cng
thc tnh S ,cng
thc tnh r
1 hc sinh ln lm
1 hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
H 4: Gii thiu phn ng
dng ca nh l vo o c
Gv gii thiu bi ton 1 p
dng nh l sin o chiu cao
ca ci thp m khng th
n chn thp c
Gv gii thiu hnh v 2.21
SGK
Ni: tnh h th ta ly 2
im A,B trn mt t sao
cho A,B,C thng hng ri
thc hin theo cc bc sau:
B1: o on AB (G/S trong
trng hp ny AB=24m
B2: o gc

; CAD CBD (g/s
trong trng hp ny
0
63 CAD
v
0
48 CBD
)
B3: p dng l sin tnh AD
B4: p dng l Pitago cho
tam gic vung ACD tnh h
Gv gii thiu bi ton 2 cho
hc sinh v xem
Hc sinh theo di
Ghi v
b. ng d ng vo vi c o
c :
Bi ton 1:
Bi ton 2:
(SGK T57+58)
4/ Cung co: nhac lai inh l sin ,cosin ,h qu ,cng thc tnh ng trung
tuyn ,cong thc tnh din tch cua tam giac
5/ Dan do: hoc bai , lm tip bi tp phn cn li ca bi

BI TP
Tiet ppct: 26
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
47
Nguyen Th Ninh
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh bit cch vn dng mh l sin ,cosin vo tnh cnh
v gc trong tam gic ,din tch tam gic
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang tnh canh , goc trong tam giac ,tnh
dien tch tam giac
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong viec tnh toan bien oi cong
thc
Ve thai o : Hoc sinh nam cong thc t o biet lien he toan hoc
vao thc te
Hoc sinh: xem lai he thc lng a hoc
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Nu cc cng thc tnh din tch tam gic
p dng tnh din tch tam gic bit b=8,c=5,gc A l 120
0

3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1: Gii thiu bi 1
H i:bi ton cho bit 2 gc ,
1 cnh th ta gii tam gic
nh th no?
Yu c u: hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
Gi hc sinh khc nhn xt
sa sai
Gv nhn xt cho im
TL:Tnh gc cn li
da vo l tng 3
gc trong tam
gic ; tnh cnh da
vo l sin
Hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
Hc sinh nhn xt
sa sai
Bai 1: GT:

0 0
90 ; 58 A B ;
a=72cm
KL: b,c,h
a
;
C
Gi i
Ta c:
C
=180
0
-(

A B +
)
=180
0
-
(90
0
+58
0
)=32
0

b=asinB=72.sin58
0
=61,0
6
c=asinC=72.sin
32
0
=38,15
h
a
=
. b c
a
=32,36
H 2 :Gii thiu bi 6
H i: gc t l gc nh th
no?
Nu tam gic c gc t th
gc no trong tam gic trn
l gc t ?
Yu c u : 1 hc sinh ln tm
gc
C
v ng trung tuyn m
a ?
Gi hc sinh nhn xt sa sai

Gv nhn xt v cho im
TL:gc t l gc c
s o ln hn
90
0
,nu tam gic c
gc t th gc l
gc C
Hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
Hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai
Bi 6:
Gt:
a=8cm;b=10cm;c=13cm
Kl: tam gic c gc t
khng?
Tnh m
a
?
Gii
Tam gic c gc t th
gc ln nht
C
phi l gc
t
CosC=
2 2 2
5
2 160
a b c
ab
+
<0
Suy ra
C
l gc t
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
48
Nguyen Th Ninh
m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
4
b c a +
=118,5
suy ra m
a
=10,89cm
H 3: Gii thiu bi 7
H i :da vo u bit gc
no l gc ln nht trong
tam gic ?
Yu c u : 2 hc sinh ln bng
thc hin mi hc sinh lm 1
cu
xt sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
TL:da vo s o
cnh , gc i din
cnh ln nht th
gc c s o ln
nht
Hc sinh 1 lm cu
a
Hc sinh 2 lm cu
b
Hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai
Bi 7:
Gc ln nht l gc i
din cnh ln nht
a/ a=3cm;b=4cm;c=6cm
nn gc ln nht l gc C
cosC=
2 2 2
2
a b c
ab
+
=-
11
24

C
=117
0
b/
a=40cm;b=13cm;c=37c
m
nn gc A l gc ln nht
cosA=
2 2 2
0, 064
2
b c a
bc
+

suy ra
A
=94
0

H4: Gii thiu bi 8
H i: bi ton cho 1 cnh ,2
gc ta tnh g trc da vo
u?
Yu c u :1 hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
sa sai
Gv nhn xt cho im
TL:tnh gc trc
da vo l tng 3
gc trong tam
gic ,ri tnh cnh
da vo l sin
1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
1 hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
Bi 8:
a=137cm;

0 0
83 ; 57 B C
Tnh
A
;b;c;R
Gii
Ta c
A
=180
0
-
(83
0
+57
0
)=40
0
R=
0
137, 5
107
2sin 2.sin 40
a
A

b=2RsinB=2.107sin83
0
=
212,31
c=2RsinC=2.107sin57
0
=1
79,40
4/ Cung co: nhac lai inh l sin ,cosin ,h qu ,cng thc tnh ng trung
tuyn ,cong thc tnh din tch cua tam giac
5/ Dan do: hoc bai , lm tip bi tp phn n chng

N TP CHNG II
Tiet ppct: 27+28
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh h thng li v khc su cc KTCB ca chng
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang tnh tch v hng 2 vt ;tnh di vt; gc
gia 2 vt ;khong cch gia 2 im ;gii tam gic
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong viec vn dng cng thc hp l ,suy
lun logic khi tnh ton
Ve thai o : Hoc sinh nam cong thc bit p dng gii bi tp t o biet
lien he toan hoc vao thc te
Hoc sinh: h thng li KTCB trc ; lm bi trc nghim ; lm bi tp trang 62
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
49
Nguyen Th Ninh
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Vit cng thc tnh tch v hng ca 2 vt bng biu thc di v ta
Cho ( 1; 2 2); (3; 2) a b

r r
.Tnh tch v hng ca 2 vt trn
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 : Nhc li KTCB
Yu c u : 1 hc sinh nhc li
lin h gia 2 cung b nhau
bng gi tr lng gic ca
cung c bit

cng thc tch v hng
cch xc nh gc gia 2 vt
v cng thc tnh gc
cng thc tnh di vt
cng thc tnh khong cch
gia 2 im
cc h thc lng trong tam
gic vung
l cosin ,sin ,h qu;cng
thc ng trung tuyn ,din
tch tam gic
TL:
0
sin sin(180 )
Cos
= -cos(180
0
-
)
Tan
v cot

ging nh cos
TL:hc sinh nhc li

bng GTLG
TL:
. . cos( ; ) a b a b a b
r r r r r r
1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
Hc sinh ng ln
nhc li cch xc
nh gc
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
cos( ; )
.
a b a b
a b
a a b b
+
+ +
r r
TL:
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
TL:AB=
2 2
( ) ( )
B A B A
x x y y +
TL: a
2
=b
2
+c
2
a.h=b.c

2 2 2
1 1 1
h a b
+
b=asinB; c=asinC
Hc sinh tr li
* Nhc li cc KTCB:
- Lin h gia 2 cung b
nhau:

0
sin sin(180 )
cc cung cn li c du
tr
-Bng GTLG ca cc cung
c bit
-Cng thc tch v hng

. . cos( ; ) a b a b a b
r r r r r r
(
di)

1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
(ta )
-Gc gia hai vt
- di vect:

2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
-Gc gia 2 vect:
1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
. .
cos( ; )
.
a b a b
a b
a a b b
+
+ +
r r
-Khong cch gia hai
im:
AB=
2 2
( ) ( )
B A B A
x x y y +
-H thc trong tam gic
vung :
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
a.h=b.c

2 2 2
1 1 1
h a b
+
b=asinB; c=asinC
-nh l cosin;sin;h qu;
di trung tuyn ; din tch
tam gic
H 2 : Sa cu hi trc
nghim
Gv gi hc sinh ng ln sa
Gv sa sai v gii thch cho
hc sinh hiu
Tng hc sinh ng
ln sa
Sa cu hi trc nghim
:
1 2 3 4 5
6
7 8 9 10 11
12
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
50
Nguyen Th Ninh
13 14 15 16 17
18
19 20 21 22 23
24
25 26 27 28 29
30
4/ Cung co: gi hc sinh ln lt nhc li cc KTCB phn trn
5/ Dan do: hoc bai , lm tip bi tp phn n chng
N TP CHNG II(tt)
Tiet ppct: 27+28
/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc :
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Vit cc cng thc tnh din tch tam gic
Cho tam gic c ba cnh l 5cm, 8cm,9cm.Tnh din tch tam gic
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1: Gii thiu bi 4
Yu c u :hc sinh nhc li
cng thc tnh di vt ;tch
v hng 2 vt ; gc gia 2 vt
Gi 1 hc sinh ln bng thc
hin
sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
TL:
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
1 1 2 2
. . . a b a b a b +
r r
cos(
.
, )
.
a b
a b
a b
r r
r r
r r
Hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
Hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai
Bi 4:Trong mp 0xy cho
( 3;1); (2; 2) a b
r r
.Tnh:
; ; . ; cos( , ) a b a b a b
r r r r r r
Gi i
2 2
( 3) 1 10 a +
r
2 2
2 2 2 2 b +
r
. 3.2 1.2 4 a b +
r r
. 4 1
cos( , )
2 20 5 .
a b
a b
a b

r r
r r
r r
H 2: Gii thiu bi 10
H i :khi bit 3 cnh tam gic
mun tm din tch tnh theo
cng thc no ?
Yu c u : 1 hc sinh ln tm
din tch tam gic ABC
Nhn xt sa sai cho im
H i :nu cng thc tnh
h
a
;R;r;m
a
da vo iu kin
ca bi ?
Yu c u :1 hc sinh ln bng
thc
hin
TL:S=
( )( )( ) p p a p b p c
1 hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
1 hc sinh nhn xt
sa sai
TL: 1 hc sinh thc
hin
h
a
=
2 2.96
16
12
S
a

R=
. . 12.16.20
10
4 4.96
a b c
S

Bi 10:cho tam gic ABC
c a=12;b=16;c=20.Tnh:
S;h
a
;R;r;m
a
?
Gi i
Ta c: p=24
S= ( )( )( ) p p a p b p c =
24(24 12)(24 16)(24 20)
= 24.12.8.4 96
h
a
=
2 2.96
16
12
S
a

R=
. . 12.16.20
10
4 4.96
a b c
S

r=
96
4
24
S
p

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
51
Nguyen Th Ninh
Nhn xt sa sai cho im
r=
96
4
24
S
p

m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
292
4
b c a +
m
a
2
=
2 2 2
2( )
292
4
b c a +
suy ra m
a
2
=17,09
H 3 :Gii thiu bi b sung
H i:nu cng thc tnh tch
v hng theo di
Nh c l i : x gc gia hai
vt n gin hn nh a v 2
vt cng im u
Yu c u : 3 hc sinh ln bng
thc hin
H i: AH=? ;BC=?
Nhn xt sa sai v cho im
Hc sinh ghi
TL:
. . cos( ; ) a b a b a b
r r r r r r
. . AB BC BA BC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Hc sinh 1 tnh 1
bi
Hc sinh 2 tnh 1
bi
Hc sinh 3 tnh 1
bi
TL: AH=AB.sinB
BC=2BH=2.AB.cos
B
Hc sinh nhn xt
sa sai
Bi b sung : cho tam
gic ABC cn ti A ,ng
cao AH,AB=a,
0
30 B
.Tnh:
. ; . ; . AB BC CA AB AH AC
Gii
A

B H
C
Ta c :AH=AB.sinB=
2
a
BC=2BH=2.AB.cosB=
3 a
. . AB BC BA BC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
=

3
. .cos . 3.
2
BA BC B a a
uuur uuur
=
2
3
2
a
. . CA AB AC AB
uuur uuur uuur uuur
=
=
. .cos AC AB A
uuur uuur
=
2
1
. ( )
2 2
a
a a
. . .cos AH AC AH AC HAC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
=
2
0
. .cos 60
2 4
a a
a

H4:Sa nhanh bi 5,6,8
H i: t l cosin suy ra cosA;
cosB; cosC nh th no ?(bi
5)
H i:nu gc A vung th suy
ra iu g?(bi 6)
H i:so snh a
2
vi b
2
+c
2
khi
A l gc nhn ,t ,vung ?
(bi 8)
TL: CosA=
2 2 2
2
b c a
bc
+
CosB =
2 2 2
2
a c b
ac
+
CosC =
2 2 2
2
a b c
ab
+
TL: a
2
=b
2
+c
2
Hc sinh tr li
Ni qua cc bi tp
5,6,8 SGK
Bi 5: h qu ca l cosin
Bi 6:
V
ABC vung ti A
th gc A c s o 90
0
nn
t l cosin ta suy ra
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
Bi 8:a) A l gc nhn
nn
cosA>0
b
2
+c
2
-a
2
>0
nn ta suy ra a
2
<b
2
+c
2
b) Tng t A l gc t
nn cosA<0
b
2
+c
2
-a
2
<0
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
52
Nguyen Th Ninh
nn ta suy ra a
2
>b
2
+c
2
c)Gc A vung nn
a
2
=b
2
+c
2
4/ Cung co: gi hc sinh ln lt nhc li cc KTCB phn trn
5/ Dan do: hoc bai n chng lm li bi tp chun b lm bi kim tra 1 tit
vo tit ti
Bi 1: PHNG TRNH NG THNG(4t)
Tiet ppct: 29+30+31+32
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh nm dng phng trnh tham s ,phng trnh tng
qut ca ng thng ;khi nim v vt ch phng -vt php tuyn -h s gc ca ng
thng ; nm v tr tng i,gc gia 2 ng thng ; cng thc tnh khong cch t 1
im n ng thng
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang vit phng trnh tham s ,tng qut ca
ng thng;xc nh v tr tng i ,tnh gc gia hai ng thng ;tnh khong cch t
1 im n ng thng
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong vic phn bit gia khi nim th ca
hm s trong i s vi khi nim ng ng cho bi phng trnh trong hnh hc
Ve thai o : Hoc sinh nam kin thc bit vn dng vo gii ton
Giao vien: Giao an, phan mau, tht,bng ph
Hoc sinh: xem bi trc , bng ph cho nhm
V/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc :(tit th nht )
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: v th hm s
1
2
y x trn mp Oxy
Tm ta M(6;y) v M
0
(2;y
0
) trn th hm s trn
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 : Gii thiu vt ch phng
T trn th gv ly vt
u
r
(2;1) v ni vt
u
r
l vt ch
phng ca t
H i:th no l vt ch phng
ca 1 ng thng
V
?
ghi
H i:1 ng thng c th c
bao nhiu vt ch phng ?
Gv nu nhn xt th nht
H i: nh hc sinh bit 1
ng thng c xc nh
da vo u?
TL:vt ch phng l
vt c gi song song
hoc trng vi
V
Ghi v
TL: 1ng thng
c v s vt ch
phng
TL: 1 ng thng
c xc nh nu 2
im trn n
TL: qua 1 im v
I Vect ch ph ng c a
ng th ng:
N : Vect
u
r
c gi l vt
ch phng ca ng
thng
V
nu
0 u
r r
v gi
ca
u
r
song song hoc
trng vi
V
NX: +Vect k
u
r
cng l vt
ch phng ca thng
V

(k 0)
+Mt ng thng
c x nu bit vt ch
phng v 1 im trn
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
53
Nguyen Th Ninh
H i:cho trc 1 vt , qua 1
im bt k v c bao nhiu
ng thng song song vi vt
?
Ni: 1 ng thng c xc
nh cn da vo vt ch
phng v 1 im ng
thng trn
c 1 thng song
song vi vt
Ghi v
ng thng
y

u
r

V
0
x
H2:Gii thiu phng trnh
tham s ca ng thng
Nu dng ca ng thng
qua 1 im M c vt ch
phng
u
r
Cho hc sinh ghi v
H i: nu bit phng trnh
tham s ta c xc nh ta
vt ch phng v 1 im
trn hay khng?
Gv gii thiu
1
Chia lp 2 bn mi bn lm 1
cu
Gv gi i din trnh by v
gii thch
Gv nhn xt sa sai
Nh n m nh :nu bit 1 im
v vt ch phng ta vit c
phng trnh tham s ;ngc
li bit phng trnh tham s
ta bit c toa 1 im v
vt ch phng
TL: bit phng
trnh tham s ta xc
nh c ta vt
ch phng v 1
im trn
Hc sinh lm theo
nhm
1 hc sinh lm cu
a
1 hc sinh lm cu
b
II-Ph ng trnh tham s
c a ng th ng:
a) nh ngh a :
Trong mp 0xy ng
thng
V
qua M(x
0
;y
0
) c vt
ch phng
1 2
( ; ) u u u
r
c
vit nh sau:

0 1
0 2
x x tu
y y tu
+
'
+
Phng trnh gi l
phng trnh tham s ca
ng thng
V

1
a/Tm im M(x
0
;y
0
)
v
1 2
( ; ) u u u
r
c ng thng
sau:

5 6
2 8
x t
y t

'
+
b/Vit phng trnh tham

s ca ng thng i qua
A(-1;0) v c vt ch
phng (3; 4) u
r

gi i
a/ M=(5;2) v
u
r
=(-6;8)
b/
1 3
4
x t
y t
+
'

H2: Gii thiu h s gc ca

ng thng
T phng trnh tham s ta
suy ra :
0 0
1 2
x x y y
u u

2
0 0
1
( )
u
y y x x
u

Hi: nh hc lp 9 th h
s gc lc ny l g?
ghi
TL: h s gc k=
2
1
u
u
Hc sinh ghi v
TL: h s gc k=
b) Lin h gi a vect
ch ph ng v i h s gc
c a t:
ng thng
V
c vect
ch phng
1 2
( ; ) u u u
r
th h
s gc ca ng thng l
k=
2
1
u
u
ng thng d c vt ch
phng l ( 1; 3) u
r
c h
s gc l g?
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
54
Nguyen Th Ninh
H i: ng thng d c vt ch
phng l ( 1; 3) u
r
c h s
gc l g?
Gv gii thiu v d
H i: vt
AB
uuur
c phi l vt ch
phng ca d hay khng ?v
sao ?
Yu c u :1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
sa sai
Gv nhn xt cho im
Nh n m nh :1 ng thng
qua 2 im ta s vit c
phng trnh tham s
3
TL:
AB
uuur
l vt ch
phng ca d v gi
ca
AB
uuur
trng vi d
Hc sinh ln thc
hin
Tr li:: h s gc l k=
3
V d :Vit phng trnh
tham s ca ng thng
d i qua 2 im A(-1;2)
,B(3;2).Tnh h s gc ca
d
Gii
ng thng d c vt ch
phng l
(3 1; 2 2) (4; 4) AB +
uuur
Phng trnh tham s ca
d l :

1 4
2 4
x t
y t
+
'

H s gc k=-1
4/ Cung co: Thc hnh trc nghim ghp ct
1/
2 1
x t
y t

'

a/ k= 2
2/
1
3
2
3
x t
y t
'
b/ Qua M(-1;2) c vt ch phng (0; 1) u

r
3/
2
3 7
x
y t

'

c/ c vect ch phng l ( 1; 2) u
r
4/
5 3
2 1
x t
y

'

d/ Qua im A(-2;3)
e/Qua im A(1;2) ;B(6;1)
5/ Dan do: Hc bi v son phn vt php tuyn v phng trnh tng qut

Tiet ppct: 29+30+31+32
V/ Tien trnh cua bai hoc :(tit th 30 )
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: vit phng trnh tham s ca ng thng qua 2 im A(-1;3) ,B(4;-5)
v ch ra h s gc ca chng
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H1:Gii thiu vect php
tuyn ca ng thng:
Yu c u : hc sinh thc hin
4
theo nhm
Gv gi 1 hc sinh i din ln
TH: c VTCP l
(2;3) u
r
. 0 n u n u
r r r r
. 2.3 ( 2).3 nu +
r r
=0
III-Vect php tuy n
c a ng th ng:
N : vect
n
r
c gi l
vect php tuyn ca
ng thng nu
0 n
r r

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
55
Nguyen Th Ninh
trnh by
Gv nhn xt sa sai
Ni : vect
n
r
nh th gi l
VTPT ca
H i: th no l VTPT? mt
ng thng c bao nhiu
vect php tuyn ?
ghi
vy
n u
r r
TR L I:VTPT l
vect vung gc vi
vect ch phng
Hc sinh ghi v
v
n
r
vung gc vi vect
ch phng ca
NX: - Mt ng thng c
v s vect ch phng
- Mt ng thng
c xc nh nu bit 1
im v 1 vect php
tuyn ca n
H 2 : Gii thiu phng trnh
tng qut
Gv nu dng ca phng
trnh tng qut
H i: nu t c VTPT ( ; ) n a b
r
th VTCP c ta bao
nhiu?
Yu c u : hc sinh vit PTTS
ca t c VTCP ( ; ) u b a
r
?
Ni :t PTTS ta c th a v
PTTQ c khng ?a nh
th no?gi 1 hc sinh ln
thc hin
Gv nhn xt sa sai
Nh n m nh :t PTTS ta c
th bin i a v PTTQ
Hc sinh theo di
TR L I: VTCP l
( ; ) u b a
r
0
0
x x bt
y y at

'
+
suy ra
t=
0 0
x x y y
b a

0 0
( ) ( ) 0 a x x b y y +
ax+by+(-ax
0
-
by
0
)=0
IV-Ph ng trnh t ng
qut c a ng th ng:
Nu ng thng i qua
im M(x
0
;y
0
) v c vect
php tuyn ( ; ) n a b
r
th
PTTQ c dng:
ax+by+(-ax
0
-
by
0
)=0
t c= -ax
0
-by
0
th PTTQ
c dng: ax+by+c=0
NX: Nu ng thng
c PTTQ l ax+by+c=0
th vect php tuyn l
( ; ) n a b
r
v VTCP l
( ; ) u b a
r
H 3 : Gii thiu v d
Gv gii thiu v d
H i: t i qua 2 im A,B
nn VTPT ca l g? T
suy ra VTPT?
Gv gi 1 hc sinh ln vit
PTTQ ca t
Gv nhn xt cho im
H i: cho phng trnh ng
thng c dng 3x+4y+5=0
ch ra VTCP ca t ?
TR L I: c VTCP
l (7; 9) AB
uuur
VTPT l (9; 7) n
r
PTTQ ca c dng
:
9x+7y+(-9.(-2)-
7.3)=0
hay 9x+7y-3=0
TR L I: VTCP l
( 4;3) u
r
V d :Vit phng trnh
tng qut ca i qua 2
im
A(-2;3) v B(5;-6)
Gii
t c VTCP l
(7; 9) AB
uuur
Suy ra VTPT l (9; 7) n
r
PTTQ ca c dng :
9x+7y+(-9.(-2)-7.3)=0
hay 9x+7y-3=0
Hy tm ta ca
VTCP ca ng thng c
phng trnh :
3x+4y+5=0
TR L I: VTCP l ( 4;3) u
r
4/ Cung co: Nu dng ca PTTQ ca ng thng
Nu quan h gia vect ch phng v vect php tuyn ca ng
thng

5/ Dan do: Hc bi v lm bi tp 1,2 trang 80
Tiet ppct: 29+30+31+32
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56
Nguyen Th Ninh
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng qua 2 im A(-1;3) ,B(4;-
5)
v ch ra vtcp ca chng
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu cc trng
hp c bit ca pttq:
H i: khi a=0 th pttq c dng
g ? c c im g ?
Gv cho hc sinh quan st
hnh 3.6
H i:khi b=0 th pttq c dng
g ? c c im g ?
hnh 3.7
H i:khi c=0 th pttq c dng
g ? c c im g ?
hnh 3.8
Ni :trong trng hp c
a,b,c 0 th ta bin i pttq
v dng: 1
a b
x y
c c
+

1
x y
c c
a b
+
t a
0
=
c
a
;b=
c
b
0 0
1
x y
a b
+
Phng trnh ny gi l pt
ng thng theo on chn
ct ox ti (a
0
;0) ,ct oy ti
(0;b
0
)
TL: dng y=
c
b
l
ng thng
P
ox ;
oy ti (0;
c
b
)
TL: dng x=
c
a
l
ng thng
P
oy;
ox ti (
c
a
;0)
TL: dng y=
a
b
x l
ng thng qua
gc ta 0
TL: dng
0 0
1
x y
a b
+
l ng thng theo
on chn ct ox ti
(a
0
;0) ,ct oy ti
(0;b
0
)
* Cc tr ng h p c
bi t :
+a=0 suy ra :y=
c
b
l
ng thng song song ox
vung gc vi oy ti (0;
c
b
) (h3.6)
+b=0 suy ra :x=
c
a
l
ng thng song song vi
oy v vung gc vi ox ti (
c
a
;0) (h3.7)
+c=0 suy ra :y=
a
b
x l
ng thnh qua gc ta
0 (h3.8)
+a,b,c 0 ta c th a
v dng nh sau :
0 0
1
x y
a b
+
l
ng thng ct ox ti
(a
0
;0) ,ct oy ti (0;b
0
) gi l
pt ng thng theo on
chn
H 2 :Thc hin bi ton 7
Gv gi hc sinh ln lt ln
v cc ng thng
Gv nhn xt cho im
Hc sinh ln v cc
ng thng
7
Trong mp oxy v :
d
1
:x-2y=0
d
2
:x=2
d
3
:y+1=0
d
4
: 1
8 4
x y
+
Gii

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
57
Nguyen Th Ninh
H 3 :Gii thiu v tr tng i
ca hai ng thng
dng ca hpt bc nht hai n
H i : khi no th h phng
trnh trn c 1 nghim , v
nghim ,v s nghim ?
Ni :1 phng trnh trong h
l 1 phng trnh m ta ang
xt chnh v vy m s
nghim ca h l s giao
im ca hai ng thng
H i :t nhng suy lun trn
ta suy ra hai ng thng ct
nhau khi no? Song song khi
no? Trng nahu khi no?
Vy : ta giao im chnh
l nghim ca h phng
trnh trn
TL:Dng l:
1 1 1
2 2 2
0
0
a x b y c
a x b y c
+ +
'
+ +
D=
1 1
2 2
a b
a b
0 hpt c
1n
0
D=0 m
1 1
2 2
b c
b c
0
v
1 1
2 2
a c
a c
0 hpt v n
0
D=0 v
1 1
2 2
b c
b c
=0;
1 1
2 2
a c
a c
=0 hpt v s
n
0
V y : 1
2
khi
hpt c 1n
0
; 1
P
2

khi hpt v n
0
; 1

2
khi hpt vsn
TH: v d
Ta c :
1 1
2 2
1
1
2
a b
a b

Nn : d
1
V-V tr t ng i c a
hai ng th ng :
Xt hai ng thng ln
lt c phng trnh l :
1
:a
1
x+b
1
y+c
1
=0
2
:a
2
x+b
2
y+c
2
=0
Khi :
+Nu
1 1
2 2
a b
a b
th 1
2
+Nu
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
a b c

th 1
P
2
+Nu
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
a b c

th 1

2
L u y : mun tm ta
giao im hai ng thng
ta gii hpt sau:
a
1
x+b
1
y+c
1
=0
a
2
x+b
2
y+c
2
=0
V d :cho d:x-y+1=0
Xt v tr tng i ca d
vi :
1
:2x+y-4=0
Ta c :
1 1
2 2
1
1
2
a b
a b

Nn : d
1
H 4 : Thc hin bi ton 8
Gi 1 hc sinh ln xt v tr
ca vi d
1
Gv nhn xt sa sai
Ni :vi d
2
ta phi a v
pttq ri mi xt
H i: lm th no a v pttq?
Cho hc sinh thc hin theo
nhm 4
Gi i din nhm thc hin
Gv nhn xt sa sai
Nh n m nh: xt v tr tng
i ta phi a pttq v ptts
ri mi xt
1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
TL:Tm 1 im trn
t v 1 vtpt
TH:
A(-1;3) v
n
r
=(2;-1)
PTTQ:
2x-y-(2.(-1)+(-
1).3)=0
2x-y+5=0
Khi :
1 1
2 2
1 2
2 1
a b
a b

Nn ct d
2
8
Xet v tr tng i ca
:x-2y+1=0 vi
+d
1
:-3x+6y-3=0 Ta c :
1 1 1
2 2 2
1 2 1
3 6 3
a b c
a b c

nn

d
1
+d
2
:
1
3 2
x t
y t

'
+
Ta c d
2
i qua im A(-
1;3) c vtcp
u
r
=(1;2) nn
d
2
c pttq l :
2x-y+5=0
Khi :
1 1
2 2
1 2
2 1
a b
a b

Nn ct d
2
L u y : khi xt v tr tng
i ta a phng trnh
tham s v dng tng qut
ri mi xt
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58
Nguyen Th Ninh
4/ Cung co: Nu cc v tr tng i ca hai ng thng ? khi no chng ct
nhau ,song song ,
trng nhau
5/ Dan do: Hc bi v lm bi tp3,4,5 trang 80
Tiet ppct: 29+30+31+32
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Xt v tr tng i ca hai ng thng sau:
d
1
: -x+3y+5=0
d
2
:
2 4
1 3
x t
y t

'

3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu gc gia 2
thng
nh ngha gc gia hai
ng thng
Ni: cho hai ng thng
1 2
;
nh sau:

1
n
ur

2

2
n
uur

1
H i: gc no l gc gia hai
TL: gc gia
haing thng ct
nhau l gc nh
nht to bi hai
ng thng
TL: gc
l gc
gia hai ng
VI-Gc gi a hai ng
th ng:
Cho hai ng thng
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
: 0
: 0
a x b y c
a x b y c
+ +
+ +
Gc gia hai ng thng
1
v
2
c tnh theo cng

thc
1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
cos
a a bb
a b a b
+ +
Vi
l gc gia 2 ng
thng
1
v
2
.
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59
Nguyen Th Ninh
ng thng
1 2
;
Ni : gc gia hai ng
1 2
;
l gc gia hai vecto
php tuyn ca chng
Gv gii thiu cng thc tnh
gc gia hai ng thng
1 2
;
thng
1 2
;
Ch :
1
1 2 1 2
0 a a bb +
Hay k
1
k
2
= -1(k
1
, k
2
l h s
gc ca ng thng
1
v
2
)
H 2 :Gii thiu cng thc
tnh khong cch t 1 im
n 1 thng
Gv gii thiu cng thc tnh
khong cch t im M(x
0
,
y
0
) n thng : ax + by +
c = 0
d(M, ) =
0 0
2 2
ax by c
a b
+ +
+
Gv gii thiu v d
Gi 1 hc sinh ln thc hin
Mi 1 hc sinh nhn xt v
sa sai
H i :c nhn xt g v v ca M
vi thng
Hc sinh ghi v
d(M, ) =

1 4 3
0
1 4
+
+
TL: im M nm
trn
VII. Cng th c tnh
kho ng cch t m t i m
n m t ng th ng :
Trong mp Oxy cho ng
thng
: ax + by + c = 0;im
M(x
0
, y
0
).
Khong cch t im M n

c tnh theo cng thc
d(M, ) =
0 0
2 2
ax by c
a b
+ +
+
V d : Tnh khong cch t
im M(-1;2) n thng:x
+ 2y - 3 = 0
Gi i:
Ta c d(M, ) =
1 4 3
0
1 4
+
+
Suy ra im M nm trn t
.
Gv gi hai hc sinh ln tnh
Gv mi hai hc sinh khc
nhn xt sa sai
Hc sinh 1 tnh
d(M, ) =

6 2 1
9 13
13 9 4

+
Hc sinh 2 tnh
d(O, ) =

0 0 3
3 13
13 9 4
+
10
Tnh khong cch t
im M(-2;1) v O(0;0) n
ng thng : 3x 2y 1 =
0
Gii: Ta c
d(M, ) =
6 2 1
9 13
13 9 4

+
d(O, ) =
0 0 3
3 13
13 9 4
+
+
4/ Cung co: Nhc li cng thc tnh gc gia hai ng thng v cng thc tnh
khong cch t
mt im n ng thng

5/ Dan do: Hc sinh hc cng thc v lm bi tp SGK
: BI TP
Tiet ppct: 33, 34
I/ Muc tieu :
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
60
Nguyen Th Ninh
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh nm cch vit phng trnh tham s, phng trnh
tng qut ca mt ng thng, cch xt v tr tng i ca hai ng thng, nm vng
cc cng thc tnh gc gia hai ng thng, khng cch t mt im n mt ng
thng.
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang vit phng trnh tham s, tng qut ca
ng thng;xc nh v tr tng i, tnh gc gia hai ng thng; tnh khong cch t
1 im n ng thng.
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong vic chuyn mt bi ton phc tp v
bi ton n gin bit cch gii.
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Vit phng trnh tham s v phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng
i qua im
M(4;0) v N(0;-1)
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu bi 1
dng ca phng trnh tham
s
Gi 2 hc sinh thc hin bi
a,b
Mi 2 hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
TR L I :phng
trnh tham s c
dng:
0 1
0 2
x x tu
y y tu
+
'
+
2 hc sinh ln thc
hin
Bi 1:Vit PTTS ca t d :
a)Qua M(2;1) VTCP
u
r
=(3;4)
d c dng:
2 3
1 4
x t
y t
+
'
+
b)Qua M(-2:3) VTPT

n
r
=(5:1)
d c vtcp l
u
r
=(-1;5)
d c dng:
2
3 5
x t
y t

'
+
H 2 :Gii thiu bi 2
dng ca phng trnh tng
qut
xt sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
TR L I : phng
trnh tng qut c
dng:
ax+by+c=0
2 hc sinh ln thc
hin
Bi 2:Vit PTTQ ca
a)Qua M(-5;-8) v k=-3
c vtpt
n
r
=(3;1)
pttq :3x+y-(3.(-5)+(-8)=0
3x+y=+23=0
b)Qua hai im A(2;1),B(-
4;5)

AB
uuur
=(-6;4)
c vtpt
n
r
=(2;3)
pttq:2x+3y-(2.2+3.1)=0
2x+3y-7=0
H 3 :Gii thiu bi 3
cch vit phng trnh
ng thng i qua 2 im
H i : ng cao trong tam
gic c c im g ?cch
TR L I :Phng
trnh (BC) c vtcp
BC
uuur
suy ra vtpt
phng trnh (BC)

ng cao AH
Bi 3:A(1;4).B(3;-
1),C(6;2)
a)
BC
uuur
=(3;3)
(BC) nhn
n
r
=(-1;1) lm vtpt
c pttq l:-x+y-(-3-1.1)=0
x-y-4=0
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61
Nguyen Th Ninh
vit phng trnh ng
cao?
Gi 2 hc sinh ln bng thc
hin
xt sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
vung gc vi BC
nhn
BC
uuur
lm vtpt
ptrnh AH
2 hc sinh ln thc
hin
b)ng cao AH nhn
BC
uuur
=(3;3)
lm vtpt c pttq l :x+y-
5=0
Ta trung im M ca BC
l M(
9 1
;
2 2
)
AM
uuuur
=(
7 7
;
2 2
)
ng trung tuyn AM c
vtpt l
n
r
=(1;1) pttq
l:x+y-5=0
H 4 :Gii thiu bi 5
cc v tr tng i gia 2
ng thng
Mi 1 hc sinh nhn xt sa
sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
TR L I :
+ct nhau
1 1
2 2
a b
a b
+Ssong
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
a b c

+trng
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
a b c

Bi 5:Xt v tr tng i
ca :
a) d
1
:4x-10y+1=0
d
2
:x+y+2=0
Ta c :
1 1
2 2
a b
a b
nn d
1
ct d
2
b)d
1
:12x-6y+10=0
d
2:
5
3 2
x t
y t
+
'
+
d
2
c pttq l:2x-y-7=0
Ta c:
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
a b c

nn d
1
P
d
2
4/ Cung co: Nhc li dng phng trnh tham s ,phng trnh tng qut
cc v tr tng i gia hai ng thng,gc gia hai ng thng
5/ Dan do: Lm bi tp 6,7,8,9 tip theo
Ti t th hai
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Nu cng thc tnh gc gia hai ng thng
Nu cng thc tnh khong cch t 1 im n 1 ng thng
Tnh khong cch t M(-1;3) n ng thng d:x+2y-4=0
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu bi 6
H i: M
d th ta ca M l
g?
Nu cng thc khong cch
gia 2 im?
Ni: t 2 kin trn gii tm
t
Gv nhn xt v cho im
Tr
l i:M=(2+2t;3+t)
AM=
2 2
( ) ( )
M A M A
x x y y +
Bi 6:M
d nn
M=(2+2t;3+t)
AM=5 nn AM
2
=25
(2+2t-0)
2
+(3+t-1)=25
5t
2
+12t-17=0
t=1 suy ra M(4;4)

t=
17
5
suy ra M(
24 2
;
5 5

)
H 2 :Gii thiu bi 7
sai
Hc sinh ln thc
hin
Hc sinh nhn xt
Bi 7:Tm gc gia
d
1
vd
2:
d
1:
4x-2y+6=0
d
2
:x-3y+1=0
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62
Nguyen Th Ninh
Gv nhn xt v cho im
sa sai
cos
1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
.
a a b b
a b a b
+ +
=
4 6
2
2 20. 10
+
suy ra
=45
0
H 3: Gii thiu bi 8
a,b,c
Mi hc sinh khc nhn xt
sa sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
3 hc sinh ln thc
hin
hc sinh khc nhn
xt sa sai
Bi 8:Tnh khong cch
a)T A(3;5) n
:4x+3y+1=0
d(A; )=
2 2
4.3 3.5 1
4 3
+ +
+
=
28
5
b)B(1;-2) n d:3x-4y-26=0
d(B;d)=
2 2
3.1 4.( 2) 26
15
5
4 3

+
=
3
c)C(1;2) n m:3x+4y-11=0
d(C;m)=
2 2
3.1 4.2 11
0
4 3
+
+
H 4 :Gii thiu bi 9
H i:ng trn tip xc vi
ng thng th bn knh l
g?
Gv nhn xt cho im
Tr l i: R=d(C; )
Hc sinh ln thc
hin
Bi 9:Tnh R trn tm
C(-2;-2) tip xc vi
:5x+12y-10=0
R=d(C; )=
2 2
5.( 2) 12.( 2) 10
5 12
+
+
=
44
13

4/ Cung co: Nhc li cng thc tnh gc gia hai ng thng
cng thc tnh khong cch t 1 im n 1 ng thng
5/ Dan do: Xem tip bi ng trn
Bi 2: PHNG TRNH NG TRN(2t)
Tiet ppct: 36(LT),37(BT)
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh nm hai dng phng trnh ng trn,cch xc
nh tm v bn knh, cch vit phng trnh ng trn da vo iu kin cho trc
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang vit phng trnh ng trn,xc nh tm
v bn knh
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong vic chn dng ca phng trnh ng
trn lm ton
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63
Nguyen Th Ninh
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Cho hai ng thng d
1
:x-2y+3=0 v d
2
: 3x+2y-1=0
Tnh gc gia hai ng thng trn
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu phng trnh
trn
Ni: trong mp 0xy cho im
I(a;b) c nh.Tp hp cc
im M(x;y) cch I mt
khong R l mt trn c
vit di dng : IM=R
H i: IM=?

2 2
( ) ( ) x a y b + =R

(x-a)
2
+(y-b)
2
=R
2
Yu c u :hc sinh vit
phng trnh trn tm I(1;-
2) bn knh R=2
H i:phng trnh ng trn
tm 0 c dng g?
Hc sinh theo di
Tr l i:
IM=
2 2
( ) ( ) x a y b +
Tr l i:
(x-1)
2
+(y+2)
2
=4
Tr l i: x
2
+y
2
=R
2
I-Ph ng trnh ng
trn c tm v bn
knh cho tr c:
ng trn tm I(a,b) v
bn knh R c dng:
(x-a)
2
+(y-b)
2
=R
2
V d :ng trn c tm
I(1;-2) bn knh R=2 c
dng :
(x-1)
2
+(y+2)
2
=4
c bi t :ng trn tm
O(0;0) bknh R c
dng:x
2
+y
2
=R
2
H 2 :Gii thiu phn nhn
xt
Yu c u: hc sinh khai trin
phng trnh ng trn
trn
Ni :vy phng trnh trn
cn vit c di dng:
x
2
+y
2
-2ax-2by+c=0
(c=a
2
+b
2
-R
2
)
Nh n m nh :pt trn tha 2
k:h s ca x
2
;y
2
bng nhau
v a
2
+b
2
-c>0
Yu c u : hc sinh tho lun
nhm tm xem phng trnh
no l phng trnh trn ?
Gv nhn xt kt qu
Tr l i: (x-a)
2
+(y-
b)
2
=R
2
x
2
+y
2
-2ax-
2by+a
2
+b
2
=R
2
x
2
+y
2
-2ax-2by+

a
2
+b
2
-R
2
=0
Hc sinh ghi v
Hc sinh tho lun
nhm tm phng
trnh trn l
x
2
+y
2
+2x-4y-4=0
II-Nh n xt :
-Phng trnh ng trn
cn vit c di dng:
x
2
+y
2
-2ax-2by+c=0
vi c=a
2
+b
2
-R
2
-Phng trnh gi l
phng trnh trn nu :h
s ca x
2
;y
2
bng nhau v
a
2
+b
2
-c>0
Khi R=
2 2
a b c +
cho bit phng trnh
no l phng trnh ng
trn:
2x
2
+y
2
-8x+2y-1=0
khng phi pt ng trn
x
2
+y
2
+2x-4y-4=0
l pt ng trn
H 3 :Gii thiu phng trnh
tip tuyn ca ng trn
Gv gii thiu phng trnh
tip tuyn ca ng trn ti
M(x
0
;y
0
)
Gv ghi v d ln bng
Yu c u :1 hc sinh ln
thc hin
sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
Hc sinh theo di ghi
v
1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
1 hc sinh nhn xt
sa sai
III-Ph ng trnh ti p
tuy n c a ng trn:
Cho M(x
0
;y
0
) thuc ng
trn (C) tm I(a;b) .Pt tip
tuyn ca (C) ti M c
dng:
(x
0
-a)(x-x
0
)+(y
0
-b)(y-
y
0
)=0
V d :Vit phng trnh
tip tuyn ca ng trn
(C) :
(x-1)
2
+(y-2)
2
=4 ti M(-
1;2)
Gi i
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
64
Nguyen Th Ninh
Phng trnh tip tuyn c
dng:(-1-1)(x+1)+(2-2)(y-
2)=0

-2x-2=0 hay x+1=0

4/ Cung co: Nhc li dng phng trnh ng trn
phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng trn ti 1 im
5/ Dan do: Hc bi v lm bi tp
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi: Vit dng ca phng trnh ng trn
Vit phng trnh ng trn c ng knh AB vi A(1;-1) ,B(1;3)
3/ Bai mi:
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1 :Gii thiu bi 1
Gi 3 hs ln thc hin a,b,c
Mi hs khc nhn xt sa
sai
Gv nhn xt v cho im
3 hc sinh ln thc
hin
Hs khc nhn xt
sa sai
Bi 1:Tm tm v bn
knh t:
a) x
2
+y
2
-2x-2y-2=0
Tm I=(1;1)
Bn knh: R=
2 2
a b c +
=2
b) 16x
2
+16y
2
+16x-8y-11=0
x
2
+y
2
+x-
1 11
2 16
y =0
Tm I=(
1 1
;
2 4
)
Bn knh R=
1 1 11 20 5
2 16 16 16 2
+ +
c)x
2
+y
2
-4x+6y-3=0
Tm I=(2;-3)
Bn knh R= 4 9 3 + + =6
H 2 :Gii thiu bi 2
Gv hng dn bi a,b
Gi 3 hs ln thc hin
Mi hs khc nhn xt sa
sai
Gv nhn xt sa sai
3 hs ln thc hin
Bi 2:Lp pt trn (C)
a) I(-2;3) v i qua M(2;-3)
(C): x
2
+y
2
-2ax-2by+c=0
4+9-2(-2).2-2.3(-3)+c=0

c=-39
vy (C): x
2
+y
2
+4x-6y-39=0
b) I(-1;2) t.xc vi (d):x-
2y+7=0
R=d(I;d)=
1 2.2 7
1 4
+
+
=
2
5
Vy (C): (x+1)
2
+(y-2)
2
=
4
5
c).knh AB vi
A(1;1),B(7;5)
R=
36 16
13
2 2
AB +

WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
65
Nguyen Th Ninh
Tm I(4;3)
Vy (C): (x-4)
2
+(y-3)
2
=13
H 3 :Gii thiu bi 4
H i: trn tip xc vi 0x,0y
cho ta bit diu g?
Gv hng dn hc sinh thc
hin
sai
Gv nhn xt cho im
Tr l i: R=
a b
1 hc sinh ln thc
hin
1 hc sinh nhn xt
sa sai
Bi 4:Lp pt trn tip
xc vi 0x;0y v i qua
M(2;1)
R=
a b
Do trn i qua M(2;1) nn
trn tip xc 0x,0y trong
gc phn t th nht suy ra
a=b
Pt (C):(x-a)
2
+(y-a)
2
=a
2
(2-a)
2
+(1-a)
2
=a
2
4-4a+a
2
+1-2a+a
2
=a
2
a
2
-6a+5=0
1
5
a
a

(C):(x-1)
2
+(y-1)
2
=1
(C):(x-5)
2
+(y-5)
2
=25

4/ Cung co: Nhc li dng phng trnh trn,phng trnh tip tuyn ca trn
ti 1 im

5/ Dan do: Xem trc bi phng trnh ng elip
Bi 2: PHNG TRNH NG ELIP(2t)
Tiet ppct: 38+40
I/ Muc tieu :
Ve kien thc : Gip hc sinh nm dng phng trnh chnh tc ca elip v cc
thnh phn ca elip t nm cch lp phng trnh chnh tc xc nh cc thnh phn
ca elp
Ve ky nang : Ren luyen k nang vit phng trnh ng elip,xc nh cc
thnh phn ca elip
Ve t duy : Hoc sinh t duy linh hoat trong vic a mt phng trnh v dng ca
elip
2/ Kiem tra bai cu:
Cau hoi:

3/ Bai mi:
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
66
Nguyen Th Ninh
TG HGV HHS LU BANG
H 1: Gii thiu ng elip
Gv v ng elip ln bng
gii thiu cc i lng trn
ng elip
Hs theo di ghi v
1 nh ngh a ng
elip:
Cho hai im c nh F
1
v
F
2
v mt di khng i
2a ln hn F
1
F
2
.Elip l tp
hp cc im M trong mt
phng sao
cho :F
1
M+F
2
M=2a
Cc im F
1
,F
2
gi l tiu
im ca elip. di
F
1
F
2
=2c gi l tiu c ca
elip M
*F
1
*F
2

H 2 :Gii thiu pt chnh tc
elip
Gv gii thiu pt chnh tc ca
elip
V hnh ln bng gii thiu
trc ln trc nh ,tiu
c ,nh ca elip
Hs theo di ghi v
2 Ph ng trnh chnh
t c elip :
Cho elip (E) c tiu im
F
1
(-c;0) v F
2
(c;0); M(x;y)
(E) sao cho

F
1
M+F
2
M=2a
Phng trnh chnh tc ca
(E) c dng:
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
+
Vi b
2
=a
2
-c
2

B
2
M
1

M(x;y)
F
1
F
2
A
1
0

A
2
M
3
B
1
M
2
A
1
;A
2
;B
1
;B
2
gi l nh ca
(E)
A
1
A
2
gi l trc ln
B
1
B
2
gi l trc nh
H 3 :Gii thiu v d
Cho hs tho lun nhm tm
cc yu cu bi ton
Gv sa sai
H i: khi no elip tr thnh
ng trn?
Gv nhn mnh li
Hs tho lun nhm
tr li
Tl: khi cc trc bng
nhau
V d : tm ta tiu
im,ta nh, di
trc ca (E)
2 2
1
25 9
x y
+
Gi i Ta c :a=5;b=3;c=4
F
1
(-
4;0),F
2
(4;0),A
1
(5;0),A
2
(5;0
),
B
1
(0;-3),B
2
(0;3)
Trc ln 10;trc nh 6
3 Lin h gia trn v elip:
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
67
Nguyen Th Ninh
ng elip c trc ln v nh
bng nhau th tr thnh ng
trn lc ny tiu c ca elip
cng nh
WWW.ToanCapBa.Net
68

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Giao an hnh hoc 10-C Bn WWW.ToanCapBa.

Hoc sinh nhac

Hai hoc sinh len

4/ Cung co: Nam cac cong thc toa o

Hoi: sin 120

TL: sin 120

VD: sin 120

H3: Gii thieu bai 5.

Hoi: sin 120

uur uur uuur uur uuur uur uuur

Gv gii thieu bai toan

H3: Nhac lai cac kien

Cho ( 1; 2 2); (3; 2) a b

TL:hc sinh nhc li

b/Vit phng trnh tham

H2: Gii thiu h s gc ca

b/ Qua M(-1;2) c vt ch phng (0; 1) u

c tnh theo cng

b)Qua M(-2:3) VTPT

phng trnh (BC)

t=1 suy ra M(4;4)

-2x-2=0 hay x+1=0

(E) sao cho

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