THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

(March Forward Dear Mother Ethiopia)

LCPL M. ROKOTAKALA

WHERE ARE WE?

FIJI

ETHIOPIA

AIM
TO PROVIDE YOU WITH A SHORT PRESENTATION AND ALSO TO BROADEN OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

SCOPE
INTRODUCTION HISTORY/GEOGRAPHY GOVERNMENT Economy Religion Sports CONCLUSION QUESTIONS

INTRODUCTION

ETHIOPIA IS A LANDLOCKED COUNTRY LOCATED IN THE HORN OF AFRICA, OFFICIALLY KNOWN AS THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA, IT IS THE SECOND MOST POPULATED NATION IN AFRICA WITH OVER 79.2 MILLION PEOPLEAND THE TENTH LARGEST BY AREA WITH ITS 1,100,000 KM SQUARE. THE CAPITAL IS ADDIS ABABA. ETHIOPIA IS BORDERED BY ERITREA TO THE NORTH, SUDAN TO THE WEST, DJIBOUTI AND SOMALIA TO THE EAST AND KENYA TO THE SOUTH

HISTORY/GEOGRAPHY

MOST AFRICAN NATIONS ARE IN THEIR MODERN FORM LESS CENTURY OLD THAN ETHIOPIA. THAN A ETHIOPIA HAS BEEN AN INDEPENDENT NATION SINCE ANCIENT TIMES, BEING ONE OF THE OLDEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD. TRACES SITES OF A MONARCHY FOR MOST HISTORY ETHIOPIANS DYNASTY ITS ROOTS TO THE 10TH CENTURY BC. ITS ALSO THE OLDEST HUMAN EXIXTENCE KNOWN TO SCIENTISTS TODAY.

WHEN AFRICA WAS DIVIDED UP BY EUROPEAN POWER AT THE BERLIN CONFERENCE, ETHIOPIA WAS ONE OF ONLY TWO COUNTRIES THAT RETAINED ITS INDEPENDENCE. LEAGUE

IT WAS ONE OF THE ONLY FOUR AFRICAN MEMBERS OF THE OF NATION. AFTER A BRIEF PERIOD OF ITALIAN OCCUPATION, ETHIOPIA CHARTER MEMBER OF THE UNITED NATIONS.

BECAME A

MODERN ETHIOPIA AND ITS CURRENT BORDER ARE A RESULT OF SIGNIFICANT TERRITORIAL REDUCTION IN THE NORTH AND EXPANSION IN THE SOUTH TOWARDS ITS PRESENT BORDERS.

HISTORY/GEOGRAPHY
WHEN OTHER AFRICAN NATIONS RECEIVED THEIR INDEPENDENCE FOLLOWING THE WORLD WAR II, MANY OF THEM ADOPTED THE COLOR OF ETHIOPIAN FLAG AND ADDID ABABA BECAME THE LOCATION OF SEVERAL INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS FOCUS ON AFRICA. IN 1974, THE DYNASTY LED BY HAILE SELASSIE WAS OVERTHROWN AS CIVIL WARS INTENSIFIE. SINCE THEN ETHIOPIA HAS SEEN VARIETY OF GOVERNMENT SYSTEM.

TODAY ADDIABABA IS STILL THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE UNION, THE NILE BASIN COMMISSION AND UNECA
THE COUNTRY HAS ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL AFRICA.

AFRICAN

MILITARIES IN

ETHIOPIA IS ONE OD THE FEW AFRICAN COUNTRIES TO OWN ALPHABET.

HAVE ITS

ETHIOPIA ALSO HAS ITS OWN TIME SYSTEM AND UNIQUE CALENDAR, SEVEN TO EIGHT YEARS BEHIND THE GREGORIAN CALENDAR.

HISTORY/GEOGRAPHY

IT HAS THE LAGEST NUMBER OF UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES IN AFRICA. the country is a land of natural contrast, with spectacular waterfalls and volcanic hot spring.

ethiopia has some of africas highest mountain as well as below sea level.

some of the worlds lowest point

the largest cave in africa is located in ethiopia at sof omar and the countrys nothernmost area at dallol is one of the hottest places year-round anywhere on earth ethiopia is the site of the first hijra in islamic history and at negash. until the 1980s, a substantial population of ethiopian jews the oldest muslim settlement in africa

resided in ethiopia. country in africa, and home to the

currently, ethiopia is the top coffee and honey-producing largest livestock population in africa

GOVERNMENT

president girma wolde-girgis prime minister meles zenawi NATIONAL ANTHEM MARCH FORWARD DEAR MOTHER ETHIOPIA. GOVERNMENT FEDERAL PARLIAMENTARY REPUBLIC

GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED 980 BC CURRENT CONSTITUTION 1991 LAST CENSUS TOOK PLACE 2007 ANNUAL BUDGET - $79.035 Billion currency - birr time zone eat (UTC+3) calling code 251

PARLIAMENT HOUSE

GOVERNMENT

ethiopia s first independence 1936 1941 second independence 24 may 1993

in 1994 a constitution was adopted that led to multi party elections.

Ethiopia's

first

in may 1998 a border disputed that led to the EthiopianEritrean war that lasted until June 2000, this hurt the nations economy but strengthened the ruling coalition.

on may 15, 2005, ethiopia held another multiparty

election.

the coalition of opposition party was established in 2009 to oust general election in October 10, 2010 Ethiopian constitution approved that the judiciary is independence in 1994. 1994 the election of Ethiopia's 547 members constituent completely assembly was held in June

the current government of ethiopia was installed in august 1995.

ECONOMY

ETHIOPIA HAS SHOWN A FAST GROWING ANNUAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) AND IT WAS THE FASTEST GROWING NON OIL DEPENDENT AFRICAN NATION IN 2007 AND 2008. SINCE 1991, THERE HAVE BEEN ATTEMPTS TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMY HOWEVER THERE HAS BEEN SOME POLITICAL OPPOSITION TO THE POLICIES AS WELL AS A 2008 DROUGHT WHICH SLOWED PROGRESS. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THESE POLICIES IS REFLECTED IN THE TEN- PERCENT YEARLY ECONOMIC GROWTH FROM 2003 2008. DESPITE THESE ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENTS, URBAN AND RURAL POVERTY REMAINS AN ISSUE IN THE COUNTRY.

RELIGION

RELIGION IN ETHIOPIA - CHRISTIANITY - ISLAM - TRADITIONAL - OTHERS 62.8% 33.9% 2.6% 0.6%

According to the 2007 national census 8% of the countrys population.

Christians make up 62.

SPORTS

THE MAIN SPORTS IN ETHIOPIA ARE FOOTBALL AND TRACK. ETHIOPIAN ATHLETES HAVE WON MANY OLYMPIC GOLD MEDALS IN TRACK AND FIELD BUT THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL TEAM WAS NOT SUCCESSFUL

CONCLUSION

DEFORESTATION IS A MAJOR CONCERN FOR ETHIOPIA AS STUDIES SUGGEST LOSS OF FOREST CONTRIBUTES TO SOIL EROSION LOSS OF NUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL, LOSS OF ANIMAL HABITATS AND REDUCTION IN BIODIVERSITY. ETHIOPIA IS ONE OF THE SEVEN FUNDAMENTAL AND INDEPENDENT CENTERS OF ORIGIN OF CULTIVATED PLANTS OF THE WORLD. LASTLY ETHIOPIA IS ALSO KNOWN IN THE WORLD TO BE ONE OF THE NATION WITH MANY FLAGS SINCE THE ESTABLISHment OF ITS GOVERNMENT; ALL THE FLAGS ARE LISTED BELOW .

ANY QUESTIONS ???