Presentation Paper:

Course Code: UGE-121 Course Title: Bangladesh Studies Topic Title: The role of NGOs on the socio-economic development of Bangladesh: a study at Kamalgonj.

Submitted To:
Musa. Halima Begum, Lecturer, Dept. of Business Administration, Leading University, Sylhet.

Submitted By
Name Md. Ahadujjaman Adnan Islam Anik Khan Abid Rahat Sarwat Md. Sal Sabil Sharmin Aktar Popy Faglul Karim Raihan Md. Lahinur Rahman Sourav Paul Asif Adnan Ananda Gourav Mitra Marjana Yasmin Chy. Ruksana Begum Amadul Ambia Md. Nurul Amin Muhit Md. Abdul Hashem 1001010131 1001010144 1001010104 1001010143 1001010102 1001010142 1001010129 1001010148 1001010140 1001010103 1001010109 1001010116 1001010135 100202000(CSE) 1002020007(CSE) ID No

Batch No: 24th Section: C

Group: A
Date of Submission: August 19, 2010

Acknowledgement:
By the grace of Almighty Allah we have been successful to complete our presentation topic in due time properly. We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to Prof. Dr. Tufayel Ahmed, Head of the Department of Business Administration,Leading University-Sylhet. We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to Musa. Halima Begum, respective lecturer of Leading University guiding to complete the presentation topic. We would like to express our thanks to our study tour organizing committee who performed their job successfully. We would also like to express our heartiest love to the people of kamalgonj Upozilla who help us to collect our valuable information related to our presentation topic. Our thanks also goes to our family members who are co-operated with us at any of the steps of the presentation topic and continuously support us without any hesitation and make themselves an important part of this job.

Summary:
This research was taken to learn about NGO and their activities which are taken to develop rural peoples condition socially and economically. The research method was mainly action research, a face to face interview with the subject, member of an NGO. The place chosen for the research was Kamalgonj Upazilla of Moulvibazr Zilla. From the interviews of the subject, we got to know about the discomfort of the villagers on NGO activities. Nor they know well about their activities in all or they are sure of what can be done here. Some took loan to build their houses or to help grow their business. Their main complain was the amount of loan and the interest rate. They ought to get larger loans with low interest rate.

Table of contents
Serial 1 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 3 Content Introduction Statement of the Problem Objective of the Study General Objective Specific Objective Literature Review Operational Definition Conceptual Model Importance of the Study Methodology Research Method Research Design Research Area Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Source Data Collection Method Limitations of Data Collection Limitations of Research Conclusion Page No

Appendix

1. Introduction:

1.1

Statement of the problem:

Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as an integral part of the institutional structure for addressing poverty as well as rural development, gender equality, environmental conservation, disaster management, human rights and other social issues. The NGOs, in order to support social and economic empowerment of the poor, have vastly widened their activities to include group formation, microcredit, formal and non-formal education, training, health and nutrition, family planning and welfare, agriculture and related activities, water supply and sanitation, human rights and advocacy, legal aid and other areas. These organizations mostly follow the target-group strategy under which the poor with similar socioeconomic interests are organized into groups to achieve their objectives.

1.2 Objectives of the Study:

1.2.1 General Objective: Evaluate NGO activities on the socio and economic development in Kamalgonj. 1.2.2 Specific Objective: The assignment has two specific objectives. They are_

To know the progress of the NGO members in economic terms. To list complains and negative impacts of NGO activities.

1.3 Literature Review:

A journal of BRAC University, ROLE OF NGOS IN RURAL POVERTY ERADICATION: A BANGLADESH OBSERVATION has information about NGOs work on rural people. This

article explores the role of NGOs (Non-Government Organizations) in poverty eradication especially in the rural area of Bangladesh and how they are performing. Hence theoretical background of NGOs, a detail understanding of the term rural poverty, poverty scenario of Bangladesh was discussed. It was found with supportive references how the NGOs of this country are playing a positive and essential role for the betterment of the poor and the needy. The mission and activities of NGOs revealed the fact that the NGOs are omnipresent with their multifaceted and multidimensional projects aimed at providing informal and non-formal education, health, nutrition, and empowerment of women etc. NGOs have organized the rural poor and taught them the benefits of forming groups/cooperatives, supplied them with inexpensive agricultural technology, leadership development, social forestation through usage of government owned khas land etc all of which helps in poverty eradication. Hence NGOs in Bangladesh can continue playing the role of catalyst in the attainment of sustainable economic growth and development provided, an endurable, warm and dependable relationship is there between the Government and NGOs where both are working for the benefit of the people.

1.4 Operational Definition:

NGO: Literally NGO is Non-Governmental aid providing organization. According to social science dictionary, Non-Government Organization is a non-profit agency that serves some public interest. Non-Government Organization is established to fulfill some social purposes other than monetary rewards to financial backers. Technically the term includes Government or Tax supported agencies, but it is usually reserved for private, voluntary social agencies and excludes for profit proprietary social agencies. In other words it is stated NGOs are usually defined as an association of persons organized on voluntary basis through the initiative of one or more dedicated persons committed to the planning and implementation of development projects at the grass root level. NGOs although work outside the government structure but they are within the legal framework of the country.

Social Development: Social Development refers to the development of interaction with the human world around, including relationships with others and also the social skills we need to fit into our culture or society

Economic Development: Economic development refers to social and technological progress. It implies a change in the way goods and services are produced, not merely an increase in production achieved using the old methods of production on a wider scale. Economic growth implies only an increase in quantitative output; it may or may not involve development. Economic growth is often measured by rate of change of gross domestic product (e.g., percent GDP increase per year.) Gross domestic product is the aggregate value-added by the economic activity within a country's borders. Economic development typically involves improvements in a variety of indicators such as literacy rates, life expectancy, and poverty rates. GDP does not take into account other aspects such as leisure time, environmental quality, freedom, or social justice; alternative measures of economic wellbeing have been proposed (more). A country's economic development is related to its human development, which encompasses, among other things, health and education

1.5 Conceptual Model:

Causes NGO gives loan NGO gives education loan NGO arranges primary school program NGO arranges cultural programs NGO grants loan for Business NGO makes earning persons NGO gives loan to women

Consequences Members can buy raw material or property Members children can take higher education Members children can study in that school Members get entertainment Members can start business It reduces poverty Women empowerment begins in families

1.6 Importance of the Study:

This study helped us know about NGO activities. It helped us evaluate their activities. This study let us know about the NGO members and their concepts about NGOs. It helped us find out the problems faced by NGOs and its members. Members complain and what more they want from NGOs came to sight.

Members explained what activities they want to get from NGOs in the future.

2. Methodology:
2.1 Research Method: Field Study method is used. 2.2 Research Design: Descriptive research design is used. 2.3 Research Area: Kamalgonj Upazilla. 2.4 Sources of Data: Two sources of data are used here. 2.4.1 Primary Source: NGO members of Kamalgonj Upazilla. 2.4.2 Secondary Source: Internet, books and journals. 2.5 Data Collection Method: Case study method.

2.6 Limitations of Data Collection:

* Many members thought we came from NGO and refused to give detailed answer of questions. * Members were mostly illiterate and did not understand most of the questions and they are also ignorant about many activities of NGO. * Journals were aged and data in it may differ to what is real. * Limitations of time made us take answers quickly and with wrong understanding.

2.7 Limitations of Research:

* Group members were not giving attention to it * Technical problems were using internet and persons to work on data collection.

* A common problem is mismanagement among the research group members. * There was not much information about the topic on any of the source

3. Conclusion:
Now-a-days NGOs play a significant role for socio-economic development of our country.They usually sanction micro-credit for rural development of our country.In our country`s villages, many people are now able to maintain their families by taking loan from different NGOs and starting their own business.Also NGOs contribute to the social welfare of our country.By participating country`s overall development, NGOs become an important part of our country.

3.1. Findings:
To gather knowledge about NGOs and their contribution to the country`s socio-economic development, we are finding. Some problems are followed: 1. High rates of interest. 2. Low amount of loan. 3. Usually give loan in short-term basis. 4. Physically handicapped are usually deprived from NGOs loan.

5. NGOs need more people to supervise their work properly.

3.2. Recommendation:
We have some specific recommendation to the NGOs to increase their acceptability in our society like below: 1. To motivate our rural people to take loan from NGOs they must be need to reduce their interest rate of loan. 2. The amount of loan that is give to the people must be raise. 3. They must give loan in long-term as well as short-term. 4. They must have some responsibilities for the development of physically disabled people. 5. They must increase their activities in order to reduce unemployment problem from our country.

3.3. Personal evaluation:

As a part of our society NGOs play a vital role for the overall development of our country.NGOs provide loan for our villagers to develop their economic condition.NGOs also provide many social activities for the welfare of our country like protesting under age marriage,providing childmother health support,establishing primary school for the education of their member`s children,family planning programme,emergency loan support after natural disasters etc.But they need to reduce their interest rate of loan and also need to provide high amount of loan in order to develop our people`s economic condition and contribute to our country`s overall development.

4. Appendix: Case: 1
Name: (Pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Types of Family: Extended Dominator of Family: Male Total No of Family Members: 6 Male: 2 Female: 4 Education: To class 8 Occupation: Wood Business Monthly Income: 5000 Tk. Source of Income: Business Kamal`s wife is a member of a NGO. They take service from Grameen Bank. According to them there are 5 to 6 NGO in their village Area. They are associated with this bank for 11 years. They are member of this NGO because of easily available loan. NGO plays a vital role in social development by increasing authority or ability of female. By giving loan NGO plays

important role in reducing unemployment. In the field of education NGO gives primary school education. They take different program to increase public awareness. They give different health
services program with free of cost. By giving loan it helps to reduce poverty. Kamal said in the village area NGO don`t take any step in prevention of calamity. Kamal said NGO take different program to increase ability of Members. NGO don`t give extra facility to handicapped people. NGO arrange different game and cultural program. They gives loan for short term. Kamal`s wife took short term loan and she paid instalment weekly. The amount of loan was 10000TK.Kamal said its interest rate is high. In their village when only women get loan from NGO, women get extra facility. According to Kamal they don`t find any problem to take loan. NGO dont observed whether the loan use in proper way or not.

Case: 2
Name: Fatema Begum (Pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Types of Family: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Fatema Begum lives at Gajir Mukam a village of Kamagonj Upozilla. Her family consists of 4 members. There are 2 male and 2 female members. Fatema Begum read up to class 10 and now she is a housewife. They have a wood shop and their monthly income is 3000TK. Fatema Begum is associated with 2 NGOs, these are Grameen Bank and BRAC. In their village, the number of NGO that work is 5. Fatema Begum is associated with these NGOs for 2 years. In her family no other member is associated with NGO. They get loan from these NGOs. this loan is easily available for them. By taking loan they can start business. So it reduced unemployment. By giving loan NGO reduces poverty. NGO give them short term loan. They pay their installment weekly. They took loan 5000TK to 10000TK.Fatema Begum said the interest rate is high for them and only women get the facility of NGOs. But they don`t face any problem to take loan. By taking loan from NGO they can buy row-material of their shop and this make them

earnings. On the other hand, NGO plays important role in social development program as Fatema said. They give the authority of female person in their family by giving financial facility. They arrange primary school program for their member`s children, family planning, hygiene, child-mother health, urgent loan after calamity etc. are NGO`s important services for their members. Sometimes NGO arranges different games and cultural program for entertainment. Fatema Begum said she didn`t see any extra facility for handicapped. Fatema Begum is satisfied in NGOs program, although she think NGO`s interest rate were low and installment were long term, then it will be better for them.

Case: 3
Name: Rahima Begum(Pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Types of Family: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Rahima Begum is a dweller of Nosotpur village of Kamalgonj Upozilla. Her total family members are 7, where 2 members are male and 5 members are female. She is a illiterate person and she is a housewife. Her family`s monthly income is 3000TK and their vegetable shop is their source of income. There are 5 NGO working in their village and she is associated with 2 NGOs. These are Brac and Grameen Bank. She is associated with these NGOs for 10 years. In their family she is only 1 person who is a member of NGO. According to Rahima Begum NGO plays a vital role in social development for example early marriage prevention, reducing unemployment by granting loan, primary school programs etc. Moreover in public awareness programs for example family planning, hygiene, child and mother health, urgent loan giving after any disaster the NGO plays a significant role but they don`t arrange any extra privileges for physically handicapped people. Rahima Begum said that interest rate of NGOs is too much high and loans facility enjoy both

male and female. They don`t face any problem in taking loan. To NGOs, her advice is to reduce their interest rate. As a result of taking loan from NGOs her family`s economic condition have developed.

Case: 4
Name: Abdul Karim(Pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Types of Family: Extended Dominator of Family: Male

Abdul Karim is a villager of Khamargao of Kamalgonj Upozilla.There are 9 family members in karim`s family.Number of male members are 4 and number of female members are 5.Abdul Karim read upto S.S.C.Monthly income of his family is 5000TK.His family`s earning source is their grocery shop. In his village there are 5 to 6 NGOs working in their village and Karim associated with a NGO and its name is Brac. He is associated with it for 7 years. In Karim`s family, he is only 1 person who is a member of a NGO.NGO plays a vital role in socio-economic development like under age marriage prevention, primary school program, giving loan to reduce unemployment, offering various training programmed in many sector etc. according to Karim said. Also NGOs offer family planning program, child and mother health support, hygiene, giving loan after natural calamities in order to raise public awareness but they don`t offer any extra benefits for

physically disabled person. According to Karim said, the interest rate of NGO`s is little bit high and loans facility enjoy by female than male in most cases. When they take loan from any NGO they don`t face any problem. Karim said if NGOs increase their amount of loan and reduce interest rate then it will be much better for them. By taking loan from NGO Karim`s economic condition have developed gradually.

Case: 5
Name: Fazlur Rahman(Pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Types of Family: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Fazlur Rahman lives in Khamargao a village of Kamalgonj Upozilla. His family consist of 4 members. There are 2 male and 2 female members. He completed B.A.(Honors) and now he is a teacher. He teaches in primary school and his monthly income is 5000 TK. Fazlur Rahman is associated with 1 NGO and its name is BRAC. He is associated with this NGO for 4 years. His family`s no other member is associated with NGO. They get loan from Brac and this loan is easily available for them. By taking loan they start a business. So it is help to reduce unemployment. Also by giving loan NGO reduces poverty.NGO gives them short term loan and they pay their installment weekly and they took 10000Tk as loan. Fazlur Rahman said that the interest rate of this loan is too high and men can get extra facility from NGOs than women. Also they don`t face any problem to take loan. On the other hand, NGO plays a important role in social development as Fazlur Rahman said. They arrange primary

school program, family planning, child-mother health, emergency loan after calamities etc. are NGO`s significant services for their members. Sometimes NGOs arrange different games and cultural event for entertainment. But he said that he didn`t see any extra facility for disable. He is satisfied by NGOs program, although he is thinking about that if NGO`s interest rate were low and installment were long term so that it is better for them.

Case: 6
Name: Dr. Gouromoni Sinha (pen name) Religion: Hindu Nationality: Monipuri Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Gouromoni Sinha is an MBBS Doctor. There are four members in his family; his wife, one son, one daughter. His wife is a primary school teacher. Their monthly income is 26000Tk come from his salary. His wife is a member of a NGO, the name of this NGO is Vard. She is associated with this NGO for 4 year. As Gouromoni Sinha said there are 7 NGO in their village. They get various facilities from these NGO. The most important is loan. They get loan easily from these NGO. BY giving loan Ngo reduces poverty. NGO also works for social development. They work for stopping early marriage arranging primary school giving health tips, giving relief after various calamities etc. They also giving training for member arrange program on national function. Gouromoni Sinha said they get short term loan usually. His wife also took loan from NGO. According to his opinion interest rate is high but they dont face any problem for getting loan by taking loan the economic condition of his family have developed. According to his opinion NGO should be brought under govt. he is satisfied to NGOs work.

Case: 7
Name: Emdadur Rahman (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family Male Emdadur Rahman is an educated person. He is a business man. His family member is five where 4 persons are male and one female. His monthly income is 25000 Tk and source shop. His wife is a member of a NGO and this is Grameen Bank. Emdadur Rahman said there are seven NGO in their village. His wife is associated with Grameen Bank for 3 year. They get loan from this NGO. This loan is available for them. This NGO plays a vital role in reducing unemployment by granting loan. NGO also gives education loan. NGO take health program for awareing members. They give help after calamity. They also establish school for children but they dont take any program for increasing skill of the member. E R said NGO take various program on various national day. Ngo gives short term loan. Emdadur Rahman also took loan and paid their installment monthly. According to his opinion its interest rate is high. Often they delay to give loan. By taking loan his familys condition has become well.

Case: 8 Name: Rumana Begun (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Rumana Begun lives in Kamar gaun, Kamalgonj. Her family members are six, two male and four female. She read up to class seven. Now she is a housewife. Her husband work in a temporary shop and his monthly income is 3000 Tk. Rumana said that there is about five NGO in their village. Rumana Begun associated with one NGO the name of the NGO is ASA. She associated with this NGO have been 2 years. In her family she is the only person associated with NGO. She got loan from this NGO. By taking loan she brought a Rickshaw. After taking this loan it help them to remove poverty. NGO give short term loan. They pay their installment weekly. Rumana Begum said that the interest rate is high for them and sometime they face many problems. She also said only women can take facility from NGO and the NGO workers sometime look after them.

NGO play an important role in social development program. Rumana said that sometime they arrange social program such as family planning, primary education, and mother and child health etc. She is satisfied to NGO program.

Case: 9 Name: Karim Uddin (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Karim Uddin is a people of kamalgaw in kamalgonj. His family consists of four members. There are two male and two female. Karim dont have any good educational qualification he just read up to class three and now he is a taxi driver and his monthly income is 4000Tk. Karim Uddin associated with a NGO named Brac. In their village the member of NGO that work is fire. Karim associated with this NGO for 3 years. In his family no other member is associated with NGO. He get loan from this NGO. By taking loan he started his business. It reduces unemployment and poverty. NGO give them short term loan. He pay his installment weekly. Karim said that the interest rate is high for them. But they dont face any problem to take loan. On the other hand NGO plays an important role in social development. They arrange many other program and

NGO arrange different game and cultural program for entertainment. Although he thinks that NGO should take low interest rate. It will be better for them.

Case: 10 Name: Mustak Ahmed (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Mustak Ahmed lives in Nosotpur a village of Kamalgonj. Her family is small her family consists of 5 member; there are 3 male and 2 female. Mustak Ahmed read up to HSC now he is a business man. They have a small business and their monthly income 4500 Tk. Mustak is associated with one NGO named Brac. In their village the number of NGO is 5-6. Mustak is associated with their NGOs for 2 years. In her family no another member is associated with NGO. This loan is easy to get for any one. By giving loan NGO reduces poverty. Mustak take loan by 15000 Tk. But they dont face any problem to take loan. On the other hand NGO plays important role in social development as Mustak said. They arrange primary school program for their member children family planning hygiene, child mother health,

urgent loan after calamity etc. NGO some time arrange different game and cultural function. These NGO is serious for education sides Mustak Ahmed is satisfied in NGOs program.

Case: 11 Name: Shamsur Rahman (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Extended Dominator of Family: Male

Shamsur Rahman lives in Nosotpur a village of kamalgonj. Her family is a extended. Her family consist of 10 member, There are 6 male, 4 family. Shamsur Rahman read up to S.S.C now he is a businessman. They have a small business and their monthly income 5000 Tk. Shamsur Rahman is associated with two NGOs there are Asa and Brac. In their village the number of NGO that work is 5-6. Shamsur Rahman is associated with these NGOs for 5 years. In her family no another member is associated with NGO. This loan is easily for them. By giving loan NGO reduces poverty. Shamsur Rahman takes loan by 20000 Tk. But they sometime face problem. On the other hand program NGO plays important role in social development as Shamsur said. They

arrange elder education program for their member and Family planning, hygiene, child mother health. Urgent loan after calamity etc are NGOs important services for their member These NGO is serious for education sides. Shamsur Rahman is satisfied in NGOs programmers.

Case: 12 Name: Ayesha Begum (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Extended Dominator of Family: Male Ayesha Begum lives in Kumar Gaon in the sub-district of Komolgonj. Her family consist of ten members. There are six male and four female members. He read up to class nine. She has a poultry farm and her monthly income is 7000 taka. Ayesha Begum included with one NGO. The name of the NGO is the ASA. In their village, the member of NGO is six. Ayesha is associated with this NGO for one year. In her family she is only associated with. They get loan from the NGO. This loan easily available for them. By taking loan they can make poultry farm, by rickshaw. So it helps them to remove poverty. NGO gives them short-term loan. They pay their instalment weekly. Ayesha Begum raid the interest rate is high for them and only

women get the high for them and only women get the facility of NGOs. She also raid that they dont face any problem to take loan. On the other hand, NGO plays important role in social development programmes as Ayesha raid. They arrange primary school programme for their members children, family planning and mother- child health etc. Are NGOs important revives for their member. Ayesha Begum is satisfied in NGO programme.

Case: 13 Name: Karim Ali (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Family type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Karim Ali lives in Komar Gaon, Kamolganj. His family consist of five members. There are two female and 3 male members. Karim read up to class seven and now he is driver. He has a CNG vehicle and his monthly income is 3500 taka. Karim Alis wife is Asma Begum who included with Grameen Bank NGO. In their village the number of NGO are five. Asma is associated with this NGO for one years. In her family she is alone associated with NGO. They get loan from these NGO. This loan is easily available for them. By taking loan they can buy CNG vehicles, Rickshaw etc. So it helps them to remove poverty. NGO gives them shortterm loan. They pay their instalment weekly. Karim said the interest rate is high for them and

only women get the facility of NGOs. He also said that they dont face any problem to take loan. On the others hand, NGO plays important role in social development programme as Karim said. They arrange primary school programme for their members children, family planning and mother- child health etc. are NGOs important services for their member. Karim Ali is satisfied in NGO programme.

Case: 14 Name: Hena Begum (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Extended Dominator of Family: Male Hena Begum lives in nosrotpur a village of Komolanj subdisrict. Her family is extended family. Her family consist of eleven members. There are six female and five male. Hena read up to class five and she is housewife. They have a small business and their monthly income is 5000 taka. Hena Begum associated with two NGOs. These are ASA and BRAC. In their village number of NGO that work is 5-6. Hena is associated with those NGOs for two years. In her family she is the only member who joins with NGO. These NGO gives him small loan. This loan is easily available. She thought that by giving this loan NGO removes poverty. Hena take loan about 10000 taka. But they didnt face any problem.

On the other hand NGO plays important role in social development programmes like making awareness about dowry, family planning etc. For creating working sector NGO plays an important by giving loan, or providing rickshaw. NGO creates lots of qualified people by giving training in various things. But this doesnt take role in education. Hena thought that the amount of interest rate is not so much high. He thought that NGO removes the poverty. Hena Begum is very happy to be a member of NGO.

Case: 15 Name: Sufia Khatun (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bangladeshi Family Type: Nuclear Dominator of Family: Male Sufia Begum lives in Gajir Mukam a village of Kamalganj sub-district in Moulovibazar. Her family is nuclear family. Her family consist of five members. There are 3 male and 2 female. Sufia read up to class eight and he is housewife. His husband is a driver of rickshaw van. Their monthly income is 3500 taka. Sufia is included with BRAC NGO. In their village there are five NGO. Sufia is associated with this NGO for 3 years. In her he is the only member of NGO.

They get loan from the NGO. They thought that these loans are easily available for them. These loans are weekly and these are short- term loan. Sufia thought that the interest rate is not so high. He didnt face any problem in taking loan. They think NGO removes poverty. NGO plays important role by creating awareness in feminization, dowry. But these NGO doesnt take role in education sector. It gives special facility for the women. Sufia feel proud to be a part of BRAC.

Case: 16 Name: Rahima Begum (pen-name) Religion: Islam Nationality: Bengali Family Type: Extended Dominator O Family: Male Rahima Begum lives in nosrotpur, Kamolganj. Her family consist of nine members. There are five male and four female members. He read up to class six. She has a poultry farm and her monthly income is 6500 taka. Rahima Begum included with one NGO. The name of the NGO is the ASA. In their village, the member of NGO is six. Ayesha is associated with this NGO for three years. In her family she is only associated with.

They get loan from this NGO. This loan is easily available for them. By taking loan they can buy CNG vehicles, Rickshaw etc. So it helps them to remove poverty. NGO gives them short-term loan. They pay their instalment weekly. Rahima said the interest rate is high for them and only women get the facility of NGOs. On the other hand NGO plays important role in social development programmes like making awareness about dowry, family planning etc. For creating working sector NGO plays an important by giving loan, or providing rickshaw. NGO creates lots of qualified people by giving training in various things. But this NGO doesnt take any role in education. Rahima thought that the amount of interest rate is not so much high. He thought that NGO removes the poverty. Rahima Begum is very happy to be a member of NGO.

Bibliography:
Journal Article: BRAC University Journal, vol. I, no. 1, 2004, pp. 13-22 ROLE OF NGOS IN RURAL POVERTY ERADICATION: A BANGLADESH OBSERVATION Internet: www.wikipedia.com, www.answers.com