Chemistry Investigatory Project

Chemistry Investigatory Project

AIM : To Make Liquid Soap

Made By- Harshit Pathak

Class- XII-B

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for my Chemistry teachers Mr. Avadesh Sir and Ms. Sandhya Maam for their vital support, guidance and constant encouragement without which this project would not have been possible. I sincerely appreciate this magnanimity for which I shall remain indebted to them. I would also like to express my gratitude to Mr. Rajesh Sir for his support and constructive remarks.

- Harshit Pathak

- 12TH B

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Harshit Pathak of class XII-B has completed his chemistry investigatory project entitled

Liquid Soap
under my guidance. The progress of the project has been continuously reported and has been in my knowledge consistently.

SUBJECT INCHARGES :Mr. Avadesh ____

__________________________________________________________________________________

&

Ms.Sandhya

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

Materials Required :

1. Caustic Soda (NaOH)

2. Slurry

3. Urea

4. Empty Bottle

5. Glass Rod

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

6. pH strip

7. Dropper

8. Beaker

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THEORY : Acidic Slurry and alkaline Caustic Soda (NaOH) are mixed in such a proportion that the pH value of the solution (liquid soap) comes to the pH level of water (i.e. 7 in numerical value) or light green in colour. Urea is added to stabilize the chemical reaction.

Solution should neither be acidic nor alkaline, otherwise it would be harmful for skin.

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PROCEDURE:

1. Take 100 ml of water in a beaker. 2. Pour about 2.5 ml of slurry into the water in the beaker. The solution is mixed properly with the help of a glass rod. 3. Then 2.5 ml (or less than it) caustic soda (NaOH) is poured into it. Again the solution is mixed properly. 4. Now dip a pH strip into the obtained solution. If the pH strip turns bluish in colour, it means that the solution is alkaline.

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

And if the pH strip turns reddish in colour, it means that the solution is acidic. 5. If the solution is acidic, put a few drops of caustic soda (NaOH). OR If the solution is alkaline, then put a few drops of slurry. To neutralize the solution and to be made ready for domestic use. 6. Now, add some amount of urea in the solution. [This stabilizes the chemical reaction]
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Chemistry Investigatory Project

7. The liquid soap is ready to use. Now the prepared solution is kept in a clean bottle.

NOTE: The above procedure is adapted for lab demonstration. But if this liquid soap is to be prepared for industrial use, then the following ratio should be followed :-

Water : Slurry 10 lit. 250 gms

: NaOH : Urea 100 gms 100 gms

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Chemistry Investigatory Project

Application: This liquid soap can be used for cleansing purpose like washing:i) ii) iii) iv) Hands Clothes Floor Utensils

WARNING: This liquid soap should not be used for cleansing face. It must be used for external and rough cleansing ONLY.

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Observation : The liquid soap solution is light green in colour. Hence neutral in nature. Precautions : I) The chemicals must be handled with care. The apparatus must be thoroughly cleaned.

II)

III) This liquid soap must be used for rough cleansing only.
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