Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Presented By:
Bilal EL-SAYED ALI Khaled GHANAWI 3481 3274
Supervised By:
Dr. Mohammad AKKAWI
2012/2013
Abstract Humans in every activity requires energy. The most frequently used energy is electric energy. In this case, one tool that can be used as an energy harvester is a speed bump because at each vehicle speed bump across the kinetic and potential energy stored is large enough. Besides speed bump is also used in various places as a sign that we have entered a specific area such as malls / super market or shopping centers. The method used in bump speed as a means of exploiting the energy harvester is to change the translational motion of the speed bump because the load and speed of traffic at a rotational motion. By using electromagnetic principles, rotational motion can be converted to electrical energy generation. In this report we will study a power generating system speed bump on the mechanism of energy harvesters.
P a g e 1 | 11
1. INTRODUCTION:
Harnessing and utilizing energy has always been a key factor in improving the quality of life. Therefore, many professors and inventors passes lot of their times trying to invent and implement new kinds of power plants that uses different kind of alternators such as: Turbo alternators, Hydraulic alternators The first rise of technology in this domain was concerning the kind of power plants known nowadays as The Conventional Power Plants such as power plants that produce energy from: Steam turbines, hydraulic power plants, gas turbine power plants, combined cycle power plants and nuclear power plants. These power plants can have very big capacities but what about the pollution caused by these power plants??!!
The second rise of technology began when people focus their experiences on the renewable energy such as: Wind, Solar and Solid Waste energy production. Therefore, this kind is green and causes no pollution but what about the capacity that can produce when there is no elevated wind flow or when the sky is cloudy and there is no more big number of solar rays to capture ??!!
Today, lots of engineers are focusing to find a green way to produce electricity from wasted energies. The best method is Using Green Bumps.
P a g e 2 | 11
When the roller is rotated, its movement causes the shaft of the generator to rotate by the help of the chained gears with a speed proportional to the
P a g e 3 | 11
gear ratio 1:5 (faster rotation). As the shaft of the generator turns, the alternator will produce electricity between its two terminals. In green speed bumps, the roller will be in the middle of the bump as shown in the figure below and therefore when a car crosses the bump, it makes the roller rotates. But the roller mechanism has some disadvantages: Maintenance will be very difficult Might cause collision.
Speed Bump
Roller
Whenever the vehicle is allowed to pass over the bump it gets pressed downwards then the springs attached to the bump are compressed and the rack which is attached to the bottom of the bump moves downward in linear motion. Since the rack has teeth connected to gears, there exists a conversion of the linear motion into a rotary motion of gears but the two
P a g e 4 | 11
gears rotate in opposite directions. So that the shafts will rotate with certain R.P.M. and these shafts are connected through a belt drive to the generators which convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Speed Bump
Pinions
Springs
Generator
N.B: The two pinions rotate in opposite directions to harvest the energy in the two ways of movement of the rack (Upward and Backward). N.B: We can also improve the speed of rotation in order to improve the generated output using more this complicated rack-pinion mechanism, with small and large sprockets.
The electrical output can be improved by arranging many speed bumps in series. And the generated power can be amplified and stored by using different electrical devices.
P a g e 5 | 11
The Rack-Pinion assembly gives good mounting convenience, its Maximum gear losses is about 3 to 5% and its efficiency is about 95%.
Block diagram:
SPEED BREAKER ARRANGEMENT RACK-PINIONS & CHAINS SPROCKET ARRANGEMENT GEAR DRIVES
GENERATOR
INVERTER
BATTERY
STREET LIGHTS
Whenever the vehicle going on the speed bump, the speed bump goes downwards. So the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Here, we used crank shaft mechanism for the development of the small amount of electricity. The generated electricity is saved in battery storage units and the crack shaft regains its previous position
2.4- Experimental investigations: The experimental investigation is performed by studying the speed breaker arrangement with constant load and constant speed. Vehicles move over the speed breaker arrangement and the voltage generated is measured by a multimeter and the various readings are plotted in a graph. The graphs are drawn for various parameters as shown in the samples below: a. Voltage generated (VS) / speed of vehicle. b. Voltage generated (VS) / Load.
2.4.a- Voltage generated VS / Speed of vehicle:
Whenever the vehicle going on the speed bump, the speed bump goes downwards. So the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Here,
P a g e 6 | 11
we used crank shaft mechanism for the development of the small amount of electricity. The generated electricity is saved in battery storage units and the crack shaft regains its previous position
VS in function of the speed of vehicle For a fixed load 270 Kg
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
P a g e 7 | 11
P a g e 9 | 11
For sure we will note the high traffic (around 800 cars) at the morning and also between 1:00 PM and 3:00 PM so we can produce big power capacity if we install a certain number of speed bumps (Ex: MotionPower Devices) in the city of Beirut. By this way, we can power up all street lights in the area without cost, only the cost applied will be that for installation of those green speed bumps. Cost of KW (USD) Speed Bumps 750 Cost of KWH (USCent) 6 and up, for 4 years Reliability of Supply Reliable source of energy due to continuous flow of traffic
Nowadays, none of the power plants in the world is totally perfect by its efficiency, because the power plant with highest efficiency in the world has 85% and it produces electricity by fuel generators and steam turbines and the exhausted heat will be combined and utilized later. The perfect power plant must also combine wind turbines and solar panels for energy production, and the lighting of the power plant must be given by some green speed bumps installed in all roads of the power plant because heavy vehicles will pass there with slow velocity almost all the time.
P a g e 10 | 11
***
***
***
P a g e 11 | 11