<WiMax-IEEE 802.

16>

< WiMax - IEEE 802.16>

< >
<3168>
< >
<3286>

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

1. 3
1.1. .3
2. WiMax..8
2.1. ..9
2.2. WiMax,
.12
3. WiMax13
4. WiMax...18
5. WiMax..18
6. WiMax .20
6.1. WiMax
802.11.............22
7. 802.16.23
8. .24

1.

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

,
. ,
, internet.
, /
, /.

. ,
: (
GSM, GPRS),
.
, .

1.1.
(Wireless Local Area Network-WLAN)

(Ethernet)
.

( , ISM band 2400-2484MHz)
.

IEEE
(IEEE802.16, IEEE802.3- Ethernet .).

IEEE80211.b IEEE80211.g
3

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
IEEE802.11.

.
:

,

. ,
,
(QoS).
:
ad-hoc peer-to-peer /,
(interface) . /
' ,
. /
/ bridge
(bridging).

access point base station. '

access point hub,
. access point
/, /
, file servers & Internet.
, (infrastructure mode)

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
(access point).
(
) (clients) (access point).
association
access point
.
, ,
, (access point).
access point
:

infrastructure

access point:
hardware access point (HAP),

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

software access points /

.

. access point
client / access point .
.
, ,
.
45.72m - 91.44m
( ), ,
.
304.8m,
, .

access point.
6

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

. . ,
() (
)
.

(half-duplex).
(common bus)
.

(channel). 2.4GHz
14 . 13 ,
11 14.
802.11b/g Radio Frequency Channels
Channe
Center Frequency Frequency Spread
l
1

2412 MHz

2399.5 MHz - 2424.5 MHz

2417 MHz

2404.5 MHz - 2429.5 MHz

2422 MHz

2409.5 MHz - 2434.5 MHz

2427 MHz

2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz

2432 MHz

2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz

2437 MHz

2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz

2442 MHz

2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz

2447 MHz

2434.5 MHz - 2459.5 MHz

2452 MHz

2439.5 MHz - 2464.5 MHz

10

2457 MHz

2444.5 MHz - 2469.5 MHz

11

2462 MHz

2449.5 MHz - 2474.5 MHz

12

2467 MHz

2454.5 MHz - 2479.5 MHz

13

2472 MHz

2459.5 MHz - 2484.5 MHz

2. WiMax
2003 802.16 WiM,
( )

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
. 802
, 802.16
. WiMax ,
Wi-Fi,
. Wi-Fi
.
:
.
WiMax World Interoperability for
Microwave Access
(Intel)
802.16 .
WiMAX

802.16. WiMAX
802.16
(interoperability) BWA .
, WiMax,
,
.
WiMax
,
.

,
, WiMax ,
. ,
,
.
WiMax

. WiMax

.

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

802.16
:


.
.

.
802.16

.

2.1.

(throughput). To 802.16
,

.
(scalability)
.
(cells)
, 802.16
.
20 MHz,
10 MHz 5 MHz.


throughput. ,

.
WiMax
(coverage). To 802.16
mesh
. mesh

. - ,
throughput

.
H (QoS Quality of service)
,

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
. 802.16a

.
802.16
, .
LOS (Line of sight) NLOS ( Non line of sight).
LOS
. LOS,
Frensel .
. , Frensel
.
. Frensel zone clearance
,
.

NLOS
.
,
, .
, ,
.

.
NLOS .

10

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

, , NLOS
LOS ,
.

. NLOS

.

2.2. WiMax,

, WiMAX
,
. :
.

,
, .

.

11

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
Broadband on Demand.

802.11 .

.

.
WiM : WiM
Point-to-Multipoint
, WiMax
. WiM
Point-to-Multipoint (PTM)
point to point .
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing).
2 GHz
. ,
, ,

.
point to point Point-to-Multipoint
:
Point-to-Point

Point-to-Multipoint

12

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

802.16
2 66 GHz.
72 Mbps Ethernet
50 Mbps. 50 Km
.
.
64 QAM
, 16 QAM QPSK
.

3. WiMax
802.16 OSI
(
MAC ), point-to-multipoint ( )
. ,


.
802.16
10-66 GHz.

(line of sight LOS),
(multipath) .
. M
120 Mbit/s
point-to-multipoint SOHO
.
802.16
. SAP (service access point)
port TCP/IP.

13

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

Medium Access Control

. Service Specific
Convergence Sublayer (CS)
.
.
MAC Common Part Sublayer (MAC CPS)
MAC.
. ..
(
),
( ).
MAC Privacy Sublayer
. (authentication),
.
(PHY) .

.
MAC PHY.
MAC
,

. 802.16
MAC CPS.

14

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
(BS base station)
point to multipoint . 802.16

.
,
.
( )

. ,
, .
.
,

. uplink
( ) .

802.16

.
MAC CPS .
. SS
(Subscriber station) ,
, .
SS
.
.
MAC
. ,
QoS PDUs .
,
primitives

. primitives
. primitives MAC
:
MAC_
MAC_CREATE_
CREATE_CONNECTION.
CONNECTION.request
MAC_
MAC_CREATE_
CREATE_CONNECTION.
CONNECTION.indication
MAC_
MAC_CREATE_
CREATE_CONNECTION.
CONNECTION.response
MAC_
MAC_CREATE_
CREATE_CONNECTION.
CONNECTION.confirmation
MAC_
MAC_CHANGE_
CHANGE_CONNECTION.
CONNECTION.request
MAC_CHANGE_CONNECTION
.indication
MAC_CHANGE_CONNECTION.indication
MAC_CHANGE_CONNECTION.response
MAC_CHANGE_CONNECTION.confirmation
MAC_TERMINATE_CONNECTION.request
MAC_TERMINATE_CONNECTION.indication
MAC_TERMINATE_CONNECTION.response
MAC_TERMINATE_CONNECTION.confirmation
15

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
MAC_DATA.request
MAC_
MAC_DATA.
DATA.indication
CS MAC
primitives .

, request primitive.
MAC ,
indicate primitive CS
. CS response
primitive.T MAC
, confirm primitive
. ,
,
confirm primitive MAC
.
MAC .
SS 48-bit
802.16.
SS .

BS SS.
BS SS CID 16 bit,
. SS
SS BS ( uplink
SS BS, downlink BS SS). H BS
MAC SS MAC , , MAC

.
BS MAC SS MAC .
.
PHY
,

.
MAC PHY
SAP (service access point). PHY

16

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
MAC CPS primitives.
:
1) Primitives

MAC. PHY_MACPDU primitives.
2) Primitives
.
PHY_TXSTART primitives.
3) Primitives .
PHY_DCD primitives.
: OFDM
OFDMA , .
OFDM .
To OFDM OFDM . OFDM

,
. OFDM
SS .
Modem .To
OFDM uplink
SS . Uplink
16 . OFDM
Time Division Duplexing (TDD) Frequency Division
Duplexing (FDD) , FDD (HalfDuplex) FDD subscriber stations (SS).
TDD

. .
FDD
.
To OFDM downlink ,
SS.
Space Time Coding (STC) Adaptive Antenna
Systems (AAS) Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA). , SDMA
,

.
OFDM
OFDMA
OFDM, 4
. OFDMA PHY
802.16 802.11.

17

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
OFDMA OFDM.
(subchannelization) uplink
downlink .
-.

4. WiMax
WiMAX
DES (Data Encryption Standard,
) Triple DES. DES
1970 .

( ) . DES

56 bit. "" DES ,
.
, DES,
. Triple - DES, ,
,
DES,
.

5. WiMax
WiMax:
,
WiMax
.
, , 802.16
,
:
(backhaul): (backbone)
internet
(ISPs)
internet .
20%
. ,
. 802.16a


internet .

18

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
:
DSL
. DSL

DSL
. .

.

.
802.16
. bandwidth,
.
: 802.16
802.11 .
LAN 802.11
802.16 WAN
. internet
. , 802.16

.

.
: internet 802.16
.
WISP.
2.500 WISPs
(exempt-licensed spectrum)
6.000 .

.
.

6. WiMax

19

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

Internet
Standard

Family

Primary Use

Radio Tech

802.16e

WiMAX

Mobile Internet SOFDMA

Downlink Uplink
Notes
(Mbps) (Mbps)
70
70
Quoted
speeds only
20

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
achievable at
very short
ranges, more
practically
10Mbps at
10Km.
HIPERMAN

HIPERMAN Mobile Internet OFDM

56.9

56.9

WiBro

WiBro

50

50

iBurst

iBurst 802.20 Mobile Internet HC-SDMA

Mobile Internet OFDM

64

UMTS WCDMA
UMTS/3GSM Mobile phone CDMA/FDD
HSDPA+HSUPA

.384
3.6

UMTS-TDD

UMTS/3GSM Mobile Internet CDMA/TDD

16

LTE UMTS

UMTS/4GSM General 4G

1xRTT

CDMA2000 Mobile phone CDMA

OFDM/MIMO/SC>100
FDMA (HSOPA)

EV-DO 1x Rev. 0
EV-DO 1x Rev.A CDMA2000 Mobile Internet CDMA/FDD
EV-DO Rev.B

0.144

2.45
3.1
4.9xN

Short range
(<500m)
64
3-12 km
HSDPA
downlink
widely
deployed.
Roadmap
shows
HSDPA up
to 28.8Mbps
downstream
in the future.
.384
Currently,
5.76
users can
expect
typical
download
speeds of 12Mbps but
around
200Kbps
uplink
speeds.
Reported
speeds
16
according to
IPWireless
Still in
>50
development
Obsoleted by
0.144
EV-DO
Rev B note:
N is the
number of
0.15
1.25 MHz
1.8
chunks of
1.8xN
spectrum
used. Not yet
deployed.

21

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

, ,
.
.
IEEE 802.20
MBWA. true wireless
broadband 4G
.

6.1. WiMax 802.11

.
.
802.16 802.11

50 Mbps.
802.16 .
MAC
, ,
best effort base station
802.11 . ,
base station,

IP best effort 802.11 .
Access Point
.
WiFi

LAN WiMAX BWA .
BWA internet DSL
. WiFi
, WiMAX
30 .
WiMAX
WiFi, WiFi WiMAX
.
WiMax
(3DES or
AES) .
802.11 WEP WPA
.

22

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>
802.11 backhauled ADSL,
WiFi
upload .
,
.
WiMax

WiFi 4
2.4 5 GHz .
, WiFi
, WiMAX
, .
WiFi WiMAX
. WiFi
25MHz 802.11b 20MHz 802.11a 802.11g.
WiMAX,
1.25MHz 20MHz .

7. 802.16
802.16 a

802.16 a.
2003 2-11 GHz

- .
802.16 a. WiMAX

.
802.16 b
802.16b .
(licensed)
5-6GHz.To 802.16b QoS


.
802.11 c
, 802.16
10-66 GHz.

.
802.11 c.
802.16 d.
23

<WiMax-IEEE 802.16>

,
.
, video
. ,

802.16 d.
802.16 e
802.16 e
base station .

120 Km / h .
- ,
802.16 e
.
802.16-2004
802.11 a, c, d 802.16-2004

2-66 GHz.
802.26-2004
base station .
base station
.

8.
. 2004
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX
www.wimaxforum.org/
www.wimax.com/
www.intel.com/netcomms/technologies/wimax/index.htm
http://ru6.cti.gr/broadband/el/wimax.php
http://www.eng.ucy.ac.cy/toumpis/courses/ECE453/papers/wimax.ppt
www.intracom.gr/intracom_holdings/gr/news/press/press2005
http://wireless.eng.auth.gr/wireless.htm

24