AFLP

AFLP c nh ngha l s a hnh cc on ct khuch i, l k thut kt hp gia RFLP v PCR. AFLP s dng enzyme ct gii hn ct DNA b gen, s dng nhng phn on DNA lm khun cho phn ng khuch i PCR. AFLP c th dng phn bit cc c th rt gn nhau, thm ch ngay c nhng dng ng gen. S khc nhau trong chiu di cc on khuch i c th do nhng thay i ca cc base trong vng trnh t mi, hoc thm, mt on gia hai v tr ct. Thng thng, RE s dng trong AFLP l mt cp enzyme, mt enzyme ct thng xuyn (to ra nhng trnh t nh) v mt enzyme ct khng thng xuyn (nhm hn ch s lng cc on ct). Cp enzyme thng c dng nht l EcoRI MseI. Sau khi ct bng cp enzyme ny, mt trnh t ni mch i (adaptor) s c gn vo hai u on DNA ct bng enzyme ligase. on adaptor gm 2 phn: phn trnh t li v phn trnh t c hiu cho v tr ct enzyme. Mi ca phn ng PCR c thit k da trn trnh t adaptor v cha mt trnh t chn lc khong vi nucleotide. Ch nhng phn on DNA no cha c trnh t adaptor v trnh t nucleotide chn lc mi c khuch i, chnh trnh t chn lc s lm gim s xut hin sn phm PCR v lm n gin qu trnh phn tch.

AFLP nhanh, n gin khng phc tp nh RFLP nhng vn kho st c ton b gen. K thut ny i hi t lng DNA ban u, khng cn bit trc trnh t ch v lp li phn ng cao, cc mi s dng khng cn c hiu loi (cc mi thng mi c th dng cho hu ht cc loi). Tuy nhin AFLP l mt marker tri, iu ny lm hn ch phn bit c th ng hp v d hp.