Anc

National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health
Antenatal care
routine care for the healthy pregnant woman
Clinical Guideline
March 2008
Funded to produce guidelines for the NHS by NICE
Antenatal care
routine care for the healthy pregnant woman
2008 update
National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health Commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
Search strategies
March 2008
RCOG Press
Published by the RCOG Press at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 27 Sussex Place, Regents Park, London NW1 4RG www.rcog.org.uk Registered charity no. 213280 2nd edition 2008 National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health 1st edition published in 2003 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher or, in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK [www.cla.co.uk]. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publisher at the UK address printed on this page. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore for general use. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained within this publication, the publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check current indications and accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature and following the guidelines laid down by the manufacturers of specific products and the relevant authorities in the country in which they are practising. ISBN 978-1-904752-46-2 RCOG Editor: Andrew Welsh Original design of main guideline by FiSH Books, London Typesetting of main guideline by Andrew Welsh
Contents
Sickle cell screening Sickle cell screening economic Thalassaemia screening Thalassaemia screening economic Screening diabetes pregnancy Screening gestational diabetes economic Downs syndrome screening Downs syndrome screening economic Structural abnormalities screening Structural abnormalities screening economic Assessment tool Preterm labour screening Pre-eclampsia screening Gestational age screening Gestational age screening economic Fetal growth screening Fetal growth screening economic Alcohol intake Information Chlamydia screening Fasting tests views Chlamydia treatment Vitamin D 6 9 13 16 20 23 27 31 35 40 45 50 54 57 59 62 65 69 71 76 80 83 85
Antenatal care
Sickle cell screening

Ovid MEDLINE 1966 to October Week 3 2006
ANCu_sickle_cell_screening_medline_011106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Search History PRECONCEPTION CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 exp ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL/ (sickle cell adj3 (anemia$ or anaemia$ or disease$ or trait$)).tw. or/7-8 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ MASS SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. blood film$.tw. SERUM/ sickledex.tw. MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/10-24 and/6,9,25 exp ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL/di [Diagnosis] and/10-11,27 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/9,29 or/26,28,30 limit 31 to humans
Results 589 1501 538634 14170 13706 543082 12748 9748 14131 25169 53948 32624 17358 111670 2806 16483 422 1035 902 13 12986 44810 29457 4415 347136 319 1451 11 744 15 326 322
EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

ANCu_sickle_cell_screening_embase_011106
#
6
Search History
Results
Search strategies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-4 exp SICKLE CELL ANEMIA/ (sickle cell adj3 (anemia$ or anaemia$ or disease$ or trait$)).tw. or/6-7 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. BLOOD FILM/ blood film$.tw. SERUM/ sickledex.tw. ANAMNESIS/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNOLOGY/ ETHNIC GROUP/ or/9-26 and/5,8,27 exp SICKLE CELL ANEMIA/di [Diagnosis] or/10,12 and/9,29-30 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/8,32 or/28,31,33 1299 159607 11881 7417 170057 9329 7194 10056 24242 29074 22538 8640 2742 17966 6198 100244 6001 422 16 713 33993 5 47551 20454 12030 15946 333712 140 1272 37588 14 598 10 153
CINAHL 1982 to October Week 4 2006

ANCu_sickle_cell_screening_cinahl_011106
# 1 2 3
Search History PREPREGNANCY CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/
Results 347 338 42864

7
Antenatal care 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 exp ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL/ (sickle cell adj3 (anemia$ or anaemia$ or disease$ or trait$)).tw. or/7-8 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ HEALTH SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ (isoelectric$ adj3 focus$).tw. CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. blood film$.tw. serum$.tw. sickledex.tw. PATIENT HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/10-24 and/6,9,25 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/9,27 or/26,28 1683 3952 43733 901 666 982 1451 5719 476 12 505 41 412 25 39 7985 1 4203 960 4381 1230 26589 23 161 3 23
Search strategies
Sickle cell screening economic

ANCu_sickle_cell_screening_economic_medline_021106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti.
Results 24449 35714 1797 40068 17286 5709 8785 1202 14806 810 7752 967 5233 5878 24647 6155 9247 1792 14148 6557 2817 1090 279 7920 5516 3703 1699 2695 2323 5623 8646 7030 7221 4941 11916
9
Antenatal care 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 (QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-38 PRECONCEPTION CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/40-44 exp ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL/ (sickle cell adj3 (anemia$ or anaemia$ or disease$ or trait$)).tw. or/46-47 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ MASS SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. blood film$.tw. SERUM/ sickledex.tw. MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/49-63 and/45,48,64 exp ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL/di [Diagnosis] and/49-50,66 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/48,68 or/65,67,69 and/39,70 179 70661 983 256588 589 1502 539106 14197 13725 543561 12757 9756 14141 25186 54029 32632 17360 111789 2808 16492 424 1035 918 13 13010 44859 29495 4435 347509 321 1452 11 746 16 328 15

ANCu_sickle_cell_screening_economic_embase_021106
# 1
10
Search History ECONOMICS/
Results 5014
Search strategies 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-24 (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/26-29 exp SICKLE CELL ANEMIA/ (sickle cell adj3 (anemia$ or anaemia$ or disease$ or trait$)).tw. or/31-32 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. 8792 3356 24702 14499 45792 1046 3437 1763 18639 49482 27796 8342 5350 24596 66035 2704 18981 875 6318 5501 134 45856 1162 256700 1299 159607 11881 7417 170057 9329 7194 10056 24242 29074 22538 8640 2742 17966 6198 100244 6001 422
11
Antenatal care 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 BLOOD FILM/ blood film$.tw. SERUM/ sickledex.tw. ANAMNESIS/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNOLOGY/ ETHNIC GROUP/ or/34-51 and/30,33,52 exp SICKLE CELL ANEMIA/di [Diagnosis] or/35,37 and/34,54-55 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/33,57 or/53,56,58 and/25,59 16 713 33993 5 47551 20454 12030 15946 333712 140 1272 37588 14 598 10 153 7
12
Search strategies
Thalassaemia screening
ANCu_thalassaemia_screening_medline_011106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
Search History PRECONCEPTION CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 exp THALASSEMIA/ (thalassemi$ or thalassaemi$).tw. or/7-8 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ MASS SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. (mean$ adj3 (cell$ or corpuscular$) adj3 (volume$ or hemoglobin$ or haemoglobin$)).tw. blood film$.tw. SERUM/ FERRITIN/ MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/10-25 and/6,9,26 exp THALASSEMIA/di [Diagnosis] and/10-11,28 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/9,30 or/27,29,31 limit 32 to humans
Results 589 1501 538634 14170 13706 543082 14332 11515 15922 25169 53948 32624 17358 111670 2806 16483 422 3282 1035 902 12298 12986 44810 29457 4415 360546 961 2205 34 744 24 970 967
13
Antenatal care EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

ANCu_thalassaemia_screening_embase_011106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
14
Search History (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-4 exp THALASSEMIA/ (thalassemi$ or thalassaemi$).tw. or/6-7 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME/ MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN/ (mean$ adj3 (cell$ or corpuscular$) adj3 (volume$ or hemoglobin$ or haemoglobin$)).tw. BLOOD FILM/ blood film$.tw. SERUM/ FERRITIN/ FERRITIN BLOOD LEVEL/ ANAMNESIS/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNOLOGY/ ETHNIC GROUP/ or/9-30 and/5,8,31 exp THALASSEMIA/di [Diagnosis] or/10,12 and/9,33-34 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/8,36
Results 1299 159607 11881 7417 170057 9174 8480 10222 24242 29074 22538 8640 2742 17966 6198 100244 6001 422 1735 814 2636 16 713 33993 9777 3502 47551 20454 12030 15946 346057 385 1759 37588 29 598 19
Search strategies 38 or/32,35,37 CINAHL 1982 to October Week 4 2006

ANCu_thalassaemia_screening_cinahl_011106
412
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Search History PREPREGNANCY CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 THALASSEMIA/ (thalassemi$ or thalassaemi$).tw. or/7-8 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ HEALTH SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ (isoelectric$ adj3 focus$).tw. CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. (mean$ adj3 (cell$ or corpuscular$) adj3 (volume$ or hemoglobin$ or haemoglobin$)).tw. blood film$.tw. serum$.tw. FERRITIN/ PATIENT HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/10-25 and/6,9,26 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/9,28 or/27,29
Results 347 338 42864 1683 3952 43733 195 199 244 1451 5719 476 12 505 41 412 25 112 39 7985 472 4203 960 4381 1230 26877 30 161 2 30
15
Antenatal care
Thalassaemia screening economic

ANCu_thalassaemia_screening_economic_medline_021106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
16
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti.
Results 24449 35714 1797 40068 17286 5709 8785 1202 14806 810 7752 967 5233 5878 24647 6155 9247 1792 14148 6557 2817 1090 279 7920 5516 3703 1699 2695 2323 5623 8646 7030 7221 4941 11916 179
Search strategies 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-38 PRECONCEPTION CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/40-44 exp THALASSEMIA/ (thalassemi$ or thalassaemi$).tw. or/46-47 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ MASS SCREENING/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID/ ERYTHROCYTE INDICES/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. (mean$ adj3 (cell$ or corpuscular$) adj3 (volume$ or hemoglobin$ or haemoglobin$)).tw. blood film$.tw. SERUM/ FERRITIN/ MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ FAMILY/ ETHNIC GROUPS/ SEXUAL PARTNERS/ or/49-64 and/45,48,65 exp THALASSEMIA/di [Diagnosis] and/49-50,67 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/48,69 or/66,68,70 and/39,71 limit 72 to humans 70661 983 256588 589 1502 539106 14197 13725 543561 14355 11538 15946 25186 54029 32632 17360 111789 2808 16492 424 3284 1035 918 12307 13010 44859 29495 4435 360928 963 2208 34 746 25 972 22 22
17
Antenatal care EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

ANCu_thalassaemia_screening_economic_embase_021106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
18
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-24 (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/26-29 exp THALASSEMIA/ (thalassemi$ or thalassaemi$).tw. or/31-32 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/
Results 5014 8792 3356 24702 14499 45792 1046 3437 1763 18639 49482 27796 8342 5350 24596 66035 2704 18981 875 6318 5501 134 45856 1162 256700 1299 159607 11881 7417 170057 9174 8480 10222 24242 29074 22538 8640 2742
Search strategies 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 ELECTROPHORESIS/ ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING/ HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/ BLOOD CELL COUNT/ (full adj3 blood adj3 count$).tw. MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME/ MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN/ (mean$ adj3 (cell$ or corpuscular$) adj3 (volume$ or hemoglobin$ or haemoglobin$)).tw. BLOOD FILM/ blood film$.tw. SERUM/ FERRITIN/ FERRITIN BLOOD LEVEL/ ANAMNESIS/ FAMILY HISTORY/ ETHNOLOGY/ ETHNIC GROUP/ or/34-55 and/30,33,56 exp THALASSEMIA/di [Diagnosis] or/35,37 and/34,58-59 ((antenatal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/33,61 or/57,60,62 and/25,63 17966 6198 100244 6001 422 1735 814 2636 16 713 33993 9777 3502 47551 20454 12030 15946 346057 385 1759 37588 29 598 19 412 20
19
Antenatal care
Screening diabetes pregnancy

ANCu_screening_diabetes_pregnancy_medline_081106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Search History PREGNANT WOMEN/ PREGNANCY/ PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 exp DIABETES MELLITUS/ DIABETES INSIPIDUS/ (screen$ adj3 diabet$).tw. or/7-9 and/6,10 (glucose$ adj3 challeng$).tw. gct.tw. (glucose adj2 screen$).tw. (random$ adj3 (plasma$ or blood$) adj3 glucose$).tw. (fast$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. plasma glucose determination.tw. GLUCANS/ (polycose adj3 screen$).tw. (glucose$ adj3 polymer$ adj3 load$).tw. jelly bean$.tw. (breakfast$ adj3 test$).tw. FRUCTOSAMINE/ (glycosylat$ adj1 (haemoglobin$ or hemoglobin$) adj3 screen$).ti. ((fetal or foetal) adj3 diamet$).tw. (urine$ adj3 test$).tw. screening test$.ti. or/12-27 and/11,28 limit 29 to humans
Results 4015 539106 8443 14197 13725 543341 196585 4670 1945 201171 9369 1435 1520 340 274 3911 12 4143 1 4 14 152 1102 4 403 3946 3289 20081 528 518
20
Search strategies EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 44

ANCu_screening_diabetes_pregnancy_embase_081106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp DIABETES MELLITUS/ exp DIABETES INSIPIDUS/ (screen$ adj3 diabet$).tw. or/5-7 and/4,8 (glucose$ adj3 challeng$).tw. gct.tw. (glucose adj2 screen$).tw. (random$ adj3 (plasma$ or blood$) adj3 glucose$).tw. (fast$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. plasma glucose determination.tw. GLUCAN/ (polycose adj3 screen$).tw. (glucose$ adj3 polymer$ adj3 load$).tw. jelly bean$.tw. (breakfast$ adj3 test$).tw. FRUCTOSAMINE/ (glycosylat$ adj1 (haemoglobin$ or hemoglobin$) adj3 screen$).ti. ((fetal or foetal) adj3 diamet$).tw. (urine$ adj3 test$).tw. screening test$.ti. or/10-25 and/9,26 limit 27 to human
Results 159789 11896 7427 169555 190927 4117 1622 194690 5786 1270 1229 273 259 3696 10 1541 1 4 9 117 1072 4 330 3309 2115 14798 322 309
CINAHL 1982 to November Week 1 2006

ANCu_screening_diabetes_pregnancy_cinahl_081106
# 1
Search History PREGNANT WOMEN/
Results 778
21
Antenatal care 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 PREGNANCY/ PREGNANCY IN DIABETES/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 exp DIABETES MELLITUS/ DIABETES INSIPIDUS/ (screen$ adj3 diabet$).tw. or/7-9 and/6,10 (glucose$ adj3 challeng$).tw. gct.tw. (glucose adj2 screen$).tw. (random$ adj3 (plasma$ or blood$) adj3 glucose$).tw. (fast$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. plasma glucose determination.tw. GLUCANS/ (polycose adj3 screen$).tw. (glucose$ adj3 polymer$ adj3 load$).tw. jelly bean$.tw. (breakfast$ adj3 test$).tw. fructosamine$.tw. (glycosylat$ adj1 (haemoglobin$ or hemoglobin$) adj3 screen$).ti. ((fetal or foetal) adj3 diamet$).tw. (urine$ adj3 test$).tw. screening test$.ti. or/12-27 and/11,28 42936 460 1686 3956 43722 23287 116 312 23413 1271 72 24 46 31 310 1 123 0 0 4 17 51 1 10 324 314 1277 55
22
Search strategies
Screening gestational diabetes economic

Ovid MEDLINE 1966 to June Week 2 2006
ANCu_screening_gdm_economic_medline_220606
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw.
Results 24274 34971 1773 38609 16946 5570 8176 1148 14043 784 7484 906 5031 5682 23412 5979 9012 1777 13994 6409 2615 1061 243 7835 5404 3674 1649 2538 2248 5464 8439 6895 7090 4744 45431
23
Antenatal care 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 (QALY$ or life?year$).tw. (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. ec.fs. or/1-39 PREGNANCY/ PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. or/41-43 exp DIABETES, GESTATIONAL/ (gestation$ adj3 diabet$).tw. GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST/ (glucose$ adj5 tolera$ adj5 test$).tw. OGTT.tw. GTT.tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (random$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. (random$ adj3 blood$ adj3 glucose$).tw. (fast$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. breakfast test$.tw. (glucose$ adj3 polymer$ adj3 load$).tw. fetal abdominal transverse diameter.tw. (risk factor$ adj5 screen$ adj5 diabet$).tw. GLYCOSURIA/ BLOOD GLUCOSE/an [Analysis] FRUCTOSAMINE/ HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED/an, du [Analysis, Diagnostic Use] or/45-62 and/40,44,63 limit 64 to humans 1447 239634 1656 214786 488233 526877 24587 13684 532863 3207 3423 20736 10148 2697 877 241 87 180 3695 32 4 1 42 3412 36011 1083 7795 67543 204 196

ANCu_screening_gdm_economic_embase_220606
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
24
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/
Results 4906 8472 3114 23529 14042 43520 983
Search strategies 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw. (QALY$ or life?year$).tw. (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. or/1-24 PREGNANCY.hw. PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).tw. or/26-28 PREGNANCY DIABETES MELLITUS/ (gestation$ adj3 diabet$).tw. exp GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST/ (glucose$ adj5 tolera$ adj5 test$).tw. OGTT.tw. GTT.tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (random$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. (random$ adj3 blood$ adj3 glucose$).tw. (fast$ adj3 plasma$ adj3 glucose$).tw. breakfast test$.tw. (glucose$ adj3 polymer$ adj3 load$).tw. fetal abdominal transverse diameter.tw. (risk factor$ adj5 screen$ adj5 diabet$).tw. GLUCOSURIA/ GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL/ FRUCTOSAMINE/ GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN/ or/30-47 and/25,29,48 3175 1636 18327 47241 26693 8154 5125 23182 65159 2482 18140 867 6030 31908 1331 190788 2125 341369 178721 23718 11491 197466 3808 3225 11776 8447 2482 678 242 85 204 3881 37 4 1 93 1127 44176 1044 5043 62253 250
25
Antenatal care 50 limit 49 to human 245
26
Search strategies
Downs syndrome screening

Ovid MEDLINE 1966 to November Week 2 2006
ANCu_down_syndrome_screening_medline_201106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 DOWN SYNDROME/ (down$ adj1 syndrome$).ti. or/5-6 MASS SCREENING/ NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ ((nuchal or neck) adj1 fold$).tw. soft marker$.tw. nuchal pad$.tw. echogenic bowel$.tw. echogenic foci.tw. (short femur$ or femur length).tw. dilated renal pelvis.tw. renal pelviectasis$.tw. choroid plexus cyst$.tw. nasal bone.tw. ((double or triple or quadruple) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((combined or integrated) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((first or second) adj2 trimester$ adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. INHIBINS/ CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING/ PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN-A/ IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION, FLUORESCENCE/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, beta SUBUNIT, HUMAN/ SERUM/ *alpha FETOPROTEIN/ BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ ((biochemical or biological) adj1 marker$).tw. ESTRIOL/ (urine adj2 (sample$ or test$)).tw. MATERNAL AGE/
Results 542654 4819 13836 544353 15828 8521 15902 54550 196 102 30 2 84 168 746 55 2 205 401 2085 2231 502 4217 1803 667 24202 23037 2672 942 6147 69423 10397 5136 18982 12745
27
Antenatal care 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 or/8-35 and/4,7,36 ((antenatal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/7,38 DOWN SYNDROME/ur [Urine] DOWN SYNDROME/bl [Blood] DOWN SYNDROME/us [Ultrasonography] or/40-42 and/4,43 or/37,39,44 limit 45 to humans 228160 2413 758 228 66 1019 588 1599 942 2687 2685

ANCu_down_syndrome_screening_embase_201106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
28
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 DOWN SYNDROME/ (down$ adj1 syndrome$).ti. or/5-6 MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ ((nuchal or neck) adj1 fold$).tw. soft marker$.tw. nuchal pad$.tw. echogenic bowel$.tw. echogenic foci.tw. (short femur$ or femur length).tw. dilated renal pelvis.tw. renal pelviectasis$.tw. choroid plexus cyst$.tw. NASAL BONE/ nasal bone.tw. ((double or triple or quadruple) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((combined or integrated) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((first or second) adj2 trimester$ adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. INHIBIN A/ CHORION VILLUS SAMPLING/
Results 159997 3678 7446 165752 10370 6102 10507 8667 2747 127 93 35 2 82 174 671 45 3 204 46 349 1484 1863 525 752 1993
Search strategies 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN A/ FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN beta SUBUNIT/ SERUM/ MATERNAL SERUM/ *alpha FETOPROTEIN/ BIOCHEMICAL MARKER/ BIOLOGICAL MARKER/ ((biochemical or biological) adj1 marker$).tw. ESTRIOL/ (urine adj2 (sample$ or test$)).tw. MATERNAL AGE/ or/8-39 and/4,7,40 ((antenatal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/7,42 or/41,43 498 18515 19681 3117 34038 1806 5081 8209 20787 9454 3270 16857 5861 153606 1125 600 189 1221
CINAHL 1982 to November Week 2 2006

ANCu_down_syndrome_screening_cinahl_201106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 DOWN SYNDROME/ (down$ adj1 syndrome$).ti. or/5-6 HEALTH SCREENING/ ((nuchal or neck) adj1 (fold$ or transluc$)).tw. soft marker$.tw. nuchal pad$.tw. echogenic bowel$.tw. echogenic foci.tw. (short femur$ or femur length).tw. dilated renal pelvis.tw. renal pelviectasis$.tw. choroid plexus cyst$.tw. nasal bone.tw. ((double or triple or quadruple) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw.
Results 43013 728 3959 43524 1266 724 1273 5739 72 5 0 7 7 28 0 0 9 16 75

29
Antenatal care 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 ((combined or integrated) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((first or second) adj2 trimester$ adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. inhibin a.tw. CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING/ (pregnancy adj2 plasma protein$).tw. I SITU HYBRIDIZATION, FLUORESCENCE/ GONADOTROPINS, CHORIONIC/ serum.ti. *alpha FETOPROTEINS/ BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ ((biochemical or biological) adj1 marker$).tw. ESTRIOL/ (urine adj2 (sample$ or test$)).tw. MATERNAL AGE/ or/8-33 and/4,7,34 ((antenatal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/7,36 DOWN SYNDROME/ur [Urine] DOWN SYNDROME/bl [Blood] DOWN SYNDROME/us [Ultrasonography] or/38-40 and/4,41 or/35,37,42 133 68 11 108 19 92 238 1862 50 2759 388 82 703 665 12282 200 162 49 1 12 50 61 55 233
30
Search strategies
Downs syndrome screening economic

ANCu_down_syndrome_screening_economic_medline_231106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti.
Results 24628 35972 1812 40506 17437 5741 8909 1233 15003 816 7843 971 5288 5921 25022 6217 9387 1804 14297 6586 2905 1095 287 8004 5540 3705 1729 2750 2441 5662 8709 7080 7273 4968 12028
31
Antenatal care 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77
32
(QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-38 PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/40-42 DOWN SYNDROME/ (down$ adj1 syndrome$).ti. or/44-45 MASS SCREENING/ NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ ((nuchal or neck) adj1 fold$).tw. soft marker$.tw. nuchal pad$.tw. echogenic bowel$.tw. echogenic foci.tw. (short femur$ or femur length).tw. dilated renal pelvis.tw. renal pelviectasis$.tw. choroid plexus cyst$.tw. nasal bone.tw. ((double or triple or quadruple) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((combined or integrated) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((first or second) adj2 trimester$ adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. INHIBINS/ CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING/ PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN-A/ IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION, FLUORESCENCE/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, beta SUBUNIT, HUMAN/ SERUM/ *alpha FETOPROTEIN/ BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ ((biochemical or biological) adj1 marker$).tw. ESTRIOL/ (urine adj2 (sample$ or test$)).tw. MATERNAL AGE/ or/47-74 and/43,46,75 ((antenatal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti.
186 71434 999 259065 542951 4822 13844 544650 15836 8526 15910 54618 198 102 30 2 84 168 747 55 2 206 401 2085 2232 504 4222 1803 669 24220 23052 2675 951 6151 69573 10410 5136 19001 12750 228462 2415 759
Search strategies 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 and/46,77 DOWN SYNDROME/ur [Urine] DOWN SYNDROME/bl [Blood] DOWN SYNDROME/us [Ultrasonography] or/79-81 and/43,82 or/76,78,83 and/39,84 limit 85 to humans 228 66 1019 589 1600 943 2689 95 95

ANCu_down_syndrome_screening_economic_embase_231106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-24 exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/26-28 DOWN SYNDROME/ (down$ adj1 syndrome$).ti.
Results 5022 8830 3381 24813 14556 46041 1050 3470 1783 18654 49708 27903 8363 5388 24780 66138 2730 19080 876 6347 5516 134 46015 1163 257672 159997 3678 7446 165752 10370 6102
33
Antenatal care 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 or/30-31 MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ ((nuchal or neck) adj1 fold$).tw. soft marker$.tw. nuchal pad$.tw. echogenic bowel$.tw. echogenic foci.tw. (short femur$ or femur length).tw. dilated renal pelvis.tw. renal pelviectasis$.tw. choroid plexus cyst$.tw. NASAL BONE/ nasal bone.tw. ((double or triple or quadruple) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((combined or integrated) adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. ((first or second) adj2 trimester$ adj2 (test$ or screen$)).tw. INHIBIN A/ CHORION VILLUS SAMPLING/ PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN A/ FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN beta SUBUNIT/ SERUM/ MATERNAL SERUM/ *alpha FETOPROTEIN/ BIOCHEMICAL MARKER/ BIOLOGICAL MARKER/ ((biochemical or biological) adj1 marker$).tw. ESTRIOL/ (urine adj2 (sample$ or test$)).tw. MATERNAL AGE/ or/33-64 and/29,32,65 ((antenatal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$) adj1 screen$).ti. and/32,67 or/66,68 and/25,69 10507 8667 2747 127 93 35 2 82 174 671 45 3 204 46 349 1484 1863 525 752 1993 498 18515 19681 3117 34038 1806 5081 8209 20787 9454 3270 16857 5861 153606 1125 600 189 1221 84
34
Search strategies
Structural abnormalities screening

ANCu_structural_abnormalities_screening_medline_201106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS/ (chromosom$ adj2 (abnormal$ or aberration$)).ti. (18 trisomy or trisomy 18).tw. edward$ syndrome$.tw. e-trisomy.tw. (13 trisomy or trisomy 13).tw. d-trisomy.tw. exp NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/ spina bifida.ti. myelomeningocele$.ti. meningomyelocele$.ti. meningocele$.ti. MICROCEPHALY/ microcephal$.ti. LYMPHANGIOMA, CYSTIC/ cystic hygroma.ti. HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/ exp HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS/ ((atrial or ventricular or atrioventricular) adj1 septal defect$).ti. endocardial cushion defect$.ti. exp "TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS"/ (transposition$ adj3 great$ adj3 vessel$).ti. AORTIC COARCTATION/ (coarctation$ adj2 aort$).ti. DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT/ (patent adj2 ductus adj2 arteriosus).ti. tapvd.tw. ((total or partial) adj3 anomalous adj3 pulmonary adj3 venous).ti. PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS/ AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS/ ((pulmonary or valve) adj2 stenosis).ti. psivs.tw.
Results 542654 4819 13836 544353 50523 7345 1421 162 12 831 29 18571 1949 1236 348 526 2676 797 717 376 29881 18255 5774 194 5551 710 5784 1316 5802 1954 55 892 4208 11060 2308 1
35
Antenatal care 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 (single adj3 ventricle$).ti. or/5-37 MASS SCREENING/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((ultrasound$ or ultrasonograph$) adj1 screen$).ti. NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ (nuchal adj1 (fold or thick$)).ti. SERUM/ alpha-FETOPROTEINS/ or/39-47 and/4,38,48 ABNORMALITIES/us [Ultrasonography] CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS/us [Ultrasonography] exp NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/us [Ultrasonography] HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/us [Ultrasonography] or/50-53 and/4,54 or/49,55 limit 56 to humans 430 142237 54550 54808 6594 16351 404 196 33 942 12128 142650 4190 669 185 451 1714 2938 1731 4751 4731

ANCu_structural_abnormalities_screening_embase_201106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
36
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 CHROMOSOME ABERRATION/ (chromosom$ adj2 (abnormal$ or aberration$)).ti. TRISOMY 18/ edward$ syndrome$.tw. e-trisomy.tw. TRISOMY 13/ d-trisomy.tw. NEURAL TUBE DEFECT/ SPINA BIFIDA/ spina bifida.ti. myelomeningocele$.ti. MENINGOMYELOCELE/
Results 159997 3678 7446 165752 22130 4872 1172 102 2 712 3 4837 3196 1152 794 2463
Search strategies 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 meningomyelocele$.ti. MENINGOCELE/ meningocele$.ti. MICROCEPHALY/ microcephal$.ti. CYSTIC LYMPHANGIOMA/ cystic hygroma.ti. CONGENITAL HEART MALFORMATION/ HEART SEPTUM DEFECT/ HEART ATRIUM SEPTUM DEFECT/ HEART VENTRICLE SEPTUM DEFECT/ ((atrial or ventricular or atrioventricular) adj1 septal defect$).ti. ENDOCARDIAL CUSHION DEFECT/ endocardial cushion defect$.ti. GREAT VESSELS TRANSPOSITION/ (transposition$ adj3 great$ adj3 vessel$).ti. AORTA COARCTATION/ (coarctation$ adj2 aort$).ti. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS/ (patent adj2 ductus adj2 arteriosus).ti. LUNG VEIN DRAINAGE ANOMALY/ tapvd.tw. ((total or partial) adj3 anomalous adj3 pulmonary adj3 venous).ti. PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS/ AORTA VALVE STENOSIS/ ((pulmonary or valve) adj2 stenosis).ti. psivs.tw. HEART SINGLE VENTRICLE/ (single adj3 ventricle$).ti. FETUS MALFORMATION/ or/5-46 MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ ECHOGRAPHY/ DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY/ ((ultrasound$ or ultrasonograph$) adj1 screen$).ti. NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ (nuchal adj1 (fold or thick$)).ti. SERUM/ MATERNAL SERUM/ alpha FETOPROTEIN/ 197 930 319 2865 588 1176 304 6284 955 5628 5122 3403 305 46 2574 100 3586 660 3729 1184 708 25 483 1714 2109 1127 1 821 258 3129 67204 8667 2747 22655 86018 13410 371 127 31 34038 1806 10008
37
Antenatal care 59 or/48-58 60 and/4,47,59 CINAHL 1982 to November Week 2 2006

ANCu_structural_abnormalities_screening_cinahl_201106
174054 1553
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
38
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES/ (chromosom$ adj2 (abnormal$ or aberration$)).ti. (18 trisomy or trisomy 18).tw. edward$ syndrome$.tw. e-trisomy.tw. (13 trisomy or trisomy 13).tw. d-trisomy.tw. NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/ SPINA BIFIDA/ spina bifida.ti. myelomeningocele$.ti. meningomyelocele$.ti. meningocele$.ti. microcephal$.ti. cystic hygroma.ti. HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/ exp HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS/ ((atrial or ventricular or atrioventricular) adj1 septal defect$).ti. endocardial cushion defect$.ti. TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS/ (transposition$ adj3 great$ adj3 vessel$).ti. AORTIC COARCTATION/ (coarctation$ adj2 aort$).ti. DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT/ (patent adj2 ductus adj2 arteriosus).ti. tapvd.tw. ((total or partial) adj3 anomalous adj3 pulmonary adj3 venous).ti. AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS/ ((pulmonary or valve) adj2 stenosis).ti. psivs.tw. (single adj3 ventricle$).ti.
Results 43013 728 3959 43524 575 38 24 5 0 18 0 522 555 208 85 16 3 7 12 1297 310 137 1 69 3 96 17 179 65 0 14 155 45 1 7
Search strategies 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 or/5-35 HEALTH SCREENING/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((ultrasound$ or ultrasonograph$) adj1 screen$).ti. nuchal.tw. serum.ti. alpha FETOPROTEINS/ or/37-44 and/4,36,45 ABNORMALITIES/us [Ultrasonography] CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES/us [Ultrasonography] NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/us [Ultrasonography] HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/us [Ultrasonography] or/47-50 and/4,51 or/46,52 3618 5739 2046 691 1205 40 111 1862 150 11481 177 65 18 8 83 172 117 242
39
Antenatal care
Structural abnormalities screening economic

ANCu_structural_abnormalities_screening_economic_medline_231106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
40
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti.
Results 24628 35972 1812 40506 17437 5741 8909 1233 15003 816 7843 971 5288 5921 25022 6217 9387 1804 14297 6586 2905 1095 287 8004 5540 3705 1729 2750 2441 5662 8709 7080 7273 4968 12028 186
Search strategies 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-38 PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/40-42 CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS/ (chromosom$ adj2 (abnormal$ or aberration$)).ti. (18 trisomy or trisomy 18).tw. edward$ syndrome$.tw. e-trisomy.tw. (13 trisomy or trisomy 13).tw. d-trisomy.tw. exp NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/ spina bifida.ti. myelomeningocele$.ti. meningomyelocele$.ti. meningocele$.ti. MICROCEPHALY/ microcephal$.ti. LYMPHANGIOMA, CYSTIC/ cystic hygroma.ti. HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/ exp HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS/ ((atrial or ventricular or atrioventricular) adj1 septal defect$).ti. endocardial cushion defect$.ti. exp "TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS"/ (transposition$ adj3 great$ adj3 vessel$).ti. AORTIC COARCTATION/ (coarctation$ adj2 aort$).ti. DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT/ (patent adj2 ductus adj2 arteriosus).ti. tapvd.tw. ((total or partial) adj3 anomalous adj3 pulmonary adj3 venous).ti. PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS/ AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS/ ((pulmonary or valve) adj2 stenosis).ti. psivs.tw. (single adj3 ventricle$).ti. or/44-76 MASS SCREENING/ 71434 999 259065 542951 4822 13844 544650 50536 7346 1421 162 12 831 29 18578 1950 1237 348 526 2677 797 718 376 29912 18263 5776 194 5552 710 5789 1317 5803 1954 55 893 4209 11066 2310 1 432 142311 54618
41
Antenatal care 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((ultrasound$ or ultrasonograph$) adj1 screen$).ti. NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ (nuchal adj1 (fold or thick$)).ti. SERUM/ alpha-FETOPROTEINS/ or/78-86 and/43,77,87 ABNORMALITIES/us [Ultrasonography] CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS/us [Ultrasonography] exp NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS/us [Ultrasonography] HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL/us [Ultrasonography] or/89-92 and/43,93 or/88,94 and/39,95 limit 96 to humans 54816 6609 16372 404 198 33 951 12137 142780 4192 669 185 452 1716 2941 1732 4753 77 77

ANCu_structural_abnormalities_screening_economic_embase_231106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
42
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/
Results 5022 8830 3381 24813 14556 46041 1050 3470 1783 18654 49708 27903 8363 5388 24780 66138 2730 19080
Search strategies 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).ti. (QALY$ or life?year$).ti. (econom$ or cost$).ti. pharmacoeconomic$.ti. or/1-24 exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/26-28 CHROMOSOME ABERRATION/ (chromosom$ adj2 (abnormal$ or aberration$)).ti. TRISOMY 18/ edward$ syndrome$.tw. e-trisomy.tw. TRISOMY 13/ d-trisomy.tw. NEURAL TUBE DEFECT/ SPINA BIFIDA/ spina bifida.ti. myelomeningocele$.ti. MENINGOMYELOCELE/ meningomyelocele$.ti. MENINGOCELE/ meningocele$.ti. MICROCEPHALY/ microcephal$.ti. CYSTIC LYMPHANGIOMA/ cystic hygroma.ti. CONGENITAL HEART MALFORMATION/ HEART SEPTUM DEFECT/ HEART ATRIUM SEPTUM DEFECT/ HEART VENTRICLE SEPTUM DEFECT/ ((atrial or ventricular or atrioventricular) adj1 septal defect$).ti. ENDOCARDIAL CUSHION DEFECT/ endocardial cushion defect$.ti. GREAT VESSELS TRANSPOSITION/ (transposition$ adj3 great$ adj3 vessel$).ti. AORTA COARCTATION/ (coarctation$ adj2 aort$).ti. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS/ 876 6347 5516 134 46015 1163 257672 159997 3678 7446 165752 22130 4872 1172 102 2 712 3 4837 3196 1152 794 2463 197 930 319 2865 588 1176 304 6284 955 5628 5122 3403 305 46 2574 100 3586 660 3729
43
Antenatal care 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 (patent adj2 ductus adj2 arteriosus).ti. LUNG VEIN DRAINAGE ANOMALY/ tapvd.tw. ((total or partial) adj3 anomalous adj3 pulmonary adj3 venous).ti. PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS/ AORTA VALVE STENOSIS/ ((pulmonary or valve) adj2 stenosis).ti. psivs.tw. HEART SINGLE VENTRICLE/ (single adj3 ventricle$).ti. FETUS MALFORMATION/ or/30-71 MASS SCREENING/ PRENATAL SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ ECHOGRAPHY/ DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY/ ((ultrasound$ or ultrasonograph$) adj1 screen$).ti. NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY MEASUREMENT/ (nuchal adj1 (fold or thick$)).ti. SERUM/ MATERNAL SERUM/ alpha FETOPROTEIN/ or/73-83 and/29,72,84 and/25,85 1184 708 25 483 1714 2109 1127 1 821 258 3129 67204 8667 2747 22655 86018 13410 371 127 31 34038 1806 10008 174054 1553 57
44
Search strategies
Assessment tool
ANCu_assessment_tool_medline_291106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS/ ABORTION, INDUCED/ STILLBIRTH/ OBSTETRIC LABOR, PREMATURE/ PRE-ECLAMPSIA/ HYPERTENSION, PREGNANCY-INDUCED/ DIABETES, GESTATIONAL/ FETAL DEVELOPMENT/ PLACENTA PREVIA/ (antepartum adj2 (haemorrhag$ or hemorrhag$)).tw. POLYHYDRAMNIOS/ OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS/ MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES/ CESAREAN SECTION/ obstetric cholestasis.tw. VENOUS THROMBOSIS/ PULMONARY EMBOLISM/ ((third or fourth) adj2 degree adj2 tear$).tw. BLOOD PRESSURE/ ANEMIA/ SICKLE CELL TRAIT/ THALASSEMIA/ CHLAMYDIA/ CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/ SYPHILIS/ STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE/ BACTERIURIA/ INFANT, NEWBORN/gd [Growth & Development] PREGNANCY, MULTIPLE/ FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE/ atypical antibod$.tw. HEPATITIS B/
Results 542951 4822 13844 544650 11867 17548 168 10317 15665 268 2565 1079 1482 356 1502 769 4354 23922 45 9690 23069 122 190528 21877 1484 8960 1872 14254 8760 5273 6623 493 6812 3142 27 30108
45
Antenatal care 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78
46
HEPATITIS C/ HYPERTENSION/ DIABETES INSIPIDUS/ DIABETES MELLITUS/ HEART DISEASES/ KIDNEY DISEASES/ EPILEPSY/ AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES/ HIV/ ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME/ ANXIETY/ DEPRESSION/ mental disabilit$.tw. DEAFNESS/ BODY MASS INDEX/ OBESITY/ BODY WEIGHT/ THINNESS/ ANESTHESIA, OBSTETRICAL/ RESPIRATION DISORDERS/ INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES/ CIRCUMCISION, FEMALE/ NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/ ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DISEASES/ HERNIA/ VARICOSE VEINS/ SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS/ ALCOHOLISM/ SMOKING/ SOCIAL ISOLATION/ ADOLESCENT/ HOMELESS PERSONS/ POVERTY/ DOMESTIC VIOLENCE/ CHILD ABUSE/ MATERNAL AGE/ or/5-72 RISK FACTORS/ RISK ASSESSMENT/ (risk$ adj2 assessment$).tw. NEEDS ASSESSMENT/ (need$ adj2 assessment$).tw.
21686 142528 4685 59790 40331 49195 41319 33087 11900 67555 32101 42307 366 17915 31906 66522 128849 1186 9214 4674 6578 437 26699 6312 4776 8225 57552 52534 82751 8260 1189871 3795 16230 2779 12451 12750 2335801 316711 77194 16875 13091 3178
Search strategies 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 (assessment$ adj3 tool$).tw. or/74-79 and/4,73,80 (comment or editorial or letter or news).pt. 81 not 82 limit 83 to (humans and english language) limit 84 to yr="2001 - 2007" 5461 406310 16032 934703 15015 12316 5346

ANCu_assessment_tool_embase_291106
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 SPONTANEOUS ABORTION/ PREGNANCY TERMINATION/ STILLBIRTH/ NEWBORN DEATH/ PREMATURE LABOUR/ PREECLAMPSIA/ MATERNAL HYPERTENSION/ PREGNANCY DIABETES MELLITUS/ FETUS GROWTH/ PLACENTA PREVIA/ ANTEPARTUM HEMORRHAGE/ HYDRAMNIOS/ OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS/ MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE/ CESAREAN SECTION/ GYNECOLOGIC SURGERY/ obstetric cholestasis.tw. DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS/ LUNG EMBOLISM/ ((third or fourth) adj2 degree adj2 tear$).tw. BLOOD PRESSURE/ ANEMIA/ SICKLE CELL TRAIT/ THALASSEMIA/ CHLAMYDIA/ CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/
Results 160352 3684 7476 166123 8334 4210 3321 1902 9874 10873 3879 4067 4669 1077 162 1717 1601 7090 20477 4459 42 15995 19777 118 71834 37165 575 2822 1155 13552
47
Antenatal care 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
48
SYPHILIS/ STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE/ ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA/ MULTIPLE PREGNANCY/ PREMATURE FETUS MEMBRANE RUPTURE/ atypical antibod$.tw. HEPATITIS B/ HEPATITIS C/ HYPERTENSION/ DIABETES INSIPIDUS/ DIABETES MELLITUS/ HEART DISEASE/ KIDNEY DISEASE/ EPILEPSY/ AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE/ HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS/ ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME/ ANXIETY/ DEPRESSION/ MENTAL DEFICIENCY/ HEARING IMPAIRMENT/ BODY MASS/ OBESITY/ BODY WEIGHT/ OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA/ BREATHING DISORDER/ ENTERITIS/ FEMALE CIRCUMCISION/ NEUROLOGIC DISEASE/ ENDOCRINE DISEASE/ HERNIA/ VARICOSIS/ DRUG MISUSE/ ALCOHOL ABUSE/ CIGARETTE SMOKING/ SOCIAL ISOLATION/ ADOLESCENT/ HOMELESSNESS/ POVERTY/ DOMESTIC VIOLENCE/ CHILD ABUSE/ MATERNAL AGE/
6454 4532 370 4495 2884 16 22741 25516 143390 3309 106480 23337 25760 35731 23231 26696 61489 38845 105280 21552 15456 43391 64774 52125 2930 2388 15313 248 33841 6000 2719 5331 2351 10484 27226 4414 372949 2783 5828 956 9195 5896
Search strategies 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 or/5-72 RISK FACTOR/ RISK ASSESSMENT/ (risk$ adj2 assessment$).tw. NEEDS ASSESSMENT/ (need$ adj2 assessment$).tw. (assessment$ adj3 tool$).tw. or/74-79 and/4,73,80 (editorial or letter or note).pt. 81 not 82 limit 83 to (human and english language) limit 84 to yr="2001 - 2007" 1316809 185398 135534 15732 112 2347 4373 302711 7230 706434 6537 5660 3857
49
Antenatal care
Preterm labour screening

ANCu_pre-term_labour_screening_medline_111206
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
50
Search History OBSTETRIC LABOR, PREMATURE/ ((pre term or preterm) adj2 labo?r$).tw. or/1-2 MASS SCREENING/ MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ PALPATION/ ((vagina$ or digital$) adj3 examin$).tw. ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((transvaginal$ or vaginal$) adj2 (sonograph$ or ultrasonograph$ or ultrasound$)).tw. CERVIX UTERI/us [Ultrasonography] (cervi$ adj2 length$).tw. ORAL HEALTH/ PERIODONTITIS/ (dental$ or periodontal$).tw. VAGINOSIS, BACTERIAL/ (asymptomatic$ adj2 bacteriuria$).tw. FIBRONECTINS/ PROLACTIN/ exp CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ INTERLEUKIN-6/ INTERLEUKIN-8/ FERRITIN/ GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR/ exp INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEINS/ alpha-FETOPROTEINS/ RELAXIN/ ESTRIOL/ CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE/ C-REACTIVE PROTEIN/ MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES/ BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ (uterine activit$ adj2 monitor$).tw. rheobase.tw. ((mammary or breast$) adj2 stimulat$).tw.
Results 10370 3905 11792 55368 13272 5908 4099 55136 16394 4260 485 465 6295 12358 135785 1473 1005 17000 34903 25193 27116 10430 12455 10097 7163 12166 1441 5145 8708 13359 4256 69844 155 337 654
Search strategies 36 or/4-35 37 and/3,36 38 limit 37 to humans EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 49
ANCu_pre-term_labour_screening_embase_111206
532699 2093 2057
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
Search History PREMATURE LABOR/ ((pre term or preterm) adj2 labo?r$).tw. or/1-2 SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ ANAMNESIS/ PALPATION/ ((vagina$ or digital$) adj3 examin$).tw. ECHOGRAPHY/ ((transvaginal$ or vaginal$) adj2 (sonograph$ or ultrasonograph$ or ultrasound$)).tw. (cervi$ adj2 length$).tw. DENTAL HEALTH/ PERIODONTITIS/ (dental$ or periodontal$).tw. VAGINITIS/ (asymptomatic$ adj2 bacteriuria$).tw. FIBRONECTIN/ PROLACTIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ INTERLEUKIN 6/ INTERLEUKIN 8/ FERRITIN/ GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR/ SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN/ alpha FETOPROTEIN/ RELAXIN/ ESTRIOL/ CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR/ C REACTIVE PROTEIN/ MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE/ BIOLOGICAL MARKER/ (uterine activit$ adj2 monitor$).tw. rheobase.tw.
Results 9904 3698 10786 29429 22828 8704 49588 2523 3485 86622 4223 451 864 3263 25850 4685 688 17616 25904 19744 40742 15864 9877 15038 3397 10050 1411 3286 9169 19766 6721 21199 128 280
51
Antenatal care 35 ((mammary or breast$) adj2 stimulat$).tw. 36 or/4-35 37 and/3,36 CINAHL 1982 to December Week 1 2006
ANCu_pre-term_labour_screening_cinahl_111206
508 425689 2286
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
52
Search History LABOR, PREMATURE/ ((pre term or preterm) adj2 labo?r$).tw. or/1-2 HEALTH SCREENING/ PATIENT HISTORY TAKING/ PALPATION/ ((vagina$ or digital$) adj3 examin$).tw. ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((transvaginal$ or vaginal$) adj2 (sonograph$ or ultrasonograph$ or ultrasound$)).tw. CERVIX/us [Ultrasonography] (cervi$ adj2 length$).tw. ORAL HEALTH/ PERIODONTITIS/ (dental$ or periodontal$).tw. VAGINOSIS, BACTERIAL/ (asymptomatic$ adj2 bacteriuria$).tw. FIBRONECTINS/ PROLACTIN/ GONADOTROPINS, CHORIONIC/ INTERLEUKINS/ FERRITIN/ GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR/ SOMATOMEDINS/ alpha FETOPROTEINS/ relaxin.tw. ESTRIOL/ CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE/ C-REACTIVE PROTEIN/ metalloproteinase$.tw. BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ (uterine activit$ adj2 monitor$).tw. rheobase.tw. ((mammary or breast$) adj2 stimulat$).tw.
Results 1081 501 1226 5799 4233 598 192 2082 1217 169 53 51 1030 463 7650 372 99 102 174 239 1185 483 175 297 152 15 82 41 1262 226 2806 30 1 34
Search strategies 35 or/4-34 36 and/3,35 28854 246
53
Antenatal care
Pre-eclampsia screening
ANCu_pre-eclampsia_screening_medline_121206
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Search History PRE-ECLAMPSIA/ (pre eclampsia$ or preeclampsia$).ti. or/1-2 MASS SCREENING/ MEDICAL HISTORY TAKING/ BODY MASS INDEX/ *BLOOD PRESSURE/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ (uterine adj5 arter$ adj5 doppler$).tw. URINALYSIS/ exp PROTEINURIA/ CREATININE/ur [Urine] (urin$ adj3 calcium adj3 excret$).tw. (calcium adj3 creatinine adj3 ratio$).tw. REAGENT STRIPS/ dipstick$.ti. KALLIKREINS/ur [Urine] URIC ACID/bl [Blood] FIBRONECTINS/ exp CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/bl [Blood] alpha-FETOPROTEINS/ DNA/bl [Blood] ESTRIOL/bl [Blood] *BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ or/4-26 and/3,27 limit 28 to humans
Results 15735 4990 15782 55368 13272 32071 44879 55136 6641 16394 521 2335 21930 9642 2324 439 2329 472 1202 8473 17000 5804 12166 3449 1442 7184 306465 2177 2118

ANCu_pre-eclampsia_screening_embase_121206
# 1 2
54
Search History PREECLAMPSIA/ (pre eclampsia$ or preeclampsia$).ti.
Results 10917 4435
Search strategies 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 or/1-2 SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ ANAMNESIS/ BODY MASS/ *BLOOD PRESSURE/ ECHOGRAPHY/ DOPPLER FLOWMETRY/ (uterine adj5 arter$ adj5 doppler$).tw. URINALYSIS/ exp PROTEINURIA/ CREATININE/ CREATININE URINE LEVEL/ (urin$ adj3 calcium adj3 excret$).tw. (calcium adj3 creatinine adj3 ratio$).tw. TEST STRIP/ dipstick$.ti. KALLIKREIN/ URIC ACID/ FIBRONECTIN/ CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN/ alpha FETOPROTEIN/ DNA/ ESTRIOL/ ESTRIOL BLOOD LEVEL/ BIOLOGICAL MARKER/ or/4-29 and/3,30 10998 29429 22828 8704 49588 43691 38810 86622 13881 554 26729 22988 28742 2357 1855 402 580 386 4268 6983 17616 19744 10050 94478 3286 189 21199 516425 2579
CINAHL 1982 to December Week 1 2006

ANCu_pre-eclampsia_screening_cinahl_121206
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Search History PRE-ECLAMPSIA/ (pre eclampsia$ or preeclampsia$).ti. or/1-2 HEALTH SCREENING/ PATIENT HISTORY TAKING/ BODY MASS INDEX/ BLOOD PRESSURE/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY/
Results 787 444 807 5799 4233 8913 3798 2082

55
Antenatal care 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ (uterine adj5 arter$ adj5 doppler$).tw. URINALYSIS/ PROTEINURIA/ CREATININE/ (urin$ adj3 calcium adj3 excret$).tw. (calcium adj3 creatinine adj3 ratio$).tw. REAGENT STRIPS/ dipstick$.ti. kallikrein$.tw. URIC ACID/ FIBRONECTINS/ GONADOTROPINS, CHORIONIC/ alpha FETOPROTEINS/ DNA/ ESTRIOL/ BIOLOGICAL MARKERS/ or/4-26 and/3,27 696 1217 20 1806 619 792 58 9 98 46 23 196 102 239 152 2118 82 2806 33384 147
56
Search strategies
Gestational age screening

MEDLINE 1950 to January Week 2 2007
ANCu_gestational_age_screening_medline_220107
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Search History GESTATIONAL AGE/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).tw. or/1-2 (last adj2 menstrual period$).tw. (date adj1 conception).tw. CROWN-RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. PARIETAL BONE/ (biparietal$ adj1 diamet$).tw. ((transcerebellar$ or cerebellar$) adj1 diamet$).tw. or/4-10 (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ or/12-13 FETUS/ and/14-15 or/11,16 and/3,17 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).ti. and/19-20 or/18,21 limit 22 to human
Results 50678 29187 67296 707 22 287 100 1392 1091 77 3426 2941 17453 19687 58269 550 3793 1383 16182 3132 224 1540 1469

ANCu_gestational_age_screening_embase_220107
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Search History GESTATIONAL AGE/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).tw. or/1-2 (last adj2 menstrual period$).tw. (date adj1 conception).tw. CROWN RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. BIPARIETAL DISTANCE/
Results 26547 26042 39969 641 13 539 76 564

57
Antenatal care 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 (biparietal$ adj1 diamet$).tw. ((transcerebellar$ or cerebellar$) adj1 diamet$).tw. or/4-10 HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).ti. CEPHALOMETRY/ or/12-14 FETUS/ and/15-16 or/11,17 and/3,18 FETUS ECHOGRAPHY/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).ti. and/20-21 or/19,22 902 70 2158 2089 209 1999 4043 95322 420 2428 1118 6789 2418 80 1172

ANCu_gestational_age_screening_cinahl_220107
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
58
Search History GESTATIONAL AGE/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).tw. or/1-2 (last adj2 menstrual period$).tw. (date adj1 conception).tw. (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).tw. PARIETAL BONE/ (biparietal$ adj1 diamet$).tw. ((transcerebellar$ or cerebellar$) adj1 diamet$).tw. or/4-9 HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ or/11-13 FETUS/ and/14-15 or/10,16 and/3,17 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).ti. and/19-20 or/18,21
Results 1931 2127 3399 38 0 20 14 18 0 89 107 218 564 830 7570 47 132 59 1219 234 12 68
Search strategies
Gestational age screening economic

Ovid MEDLINE 1950 to January Week 5 2007
ANCu_gestational_age_screening_economic_medline_080207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw. (QALY$ or life?year$).tw.
Results 24670 34890 1783 39044 17111 5599 8730 1227 14690 791 7652 948 5125 5760 24935 6111 9203 1788 14029 6573 2779 1094 294 8156 6681 3727 1711 2665 2343 5535 8486 7004 7259 4795 47485 1566
59
Antenatal care 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. ec.fs. or/1-39 GESTATIONAL AGE/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).tw. or/41-42 (last adj2 menstrual period$).tw. (date adj1 conception).tw. CROWN-RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. PARIETAL BONE/ (biparietal$ adj1 diamet$).tw. ((transcerebellar$ or cerebellar$) adj1 diamet$).tw. or/44-50 (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ or/52-53 FETUS/ and/54-55 or/51,56 and/43,57 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).ti. and/59-60 or/58,61 and/40,62 246415 1695 220409 503698 50809 29302 67500 709 22 287 100 1399 1091 77 3435 2955 17506 19753 58363 550 3802 1384 16221 3142 224 1541 25

ANCu_gestational_age_screening_economic_embase_080207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
60
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/ COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/
Results 5080 8989 3485 25354 14819 47080 1081 3610 1844 18831
Search strategies 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw. (QALY$ or life?year$).tw. (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. or/1-24 GESTATIONAL AGE/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).tw. or/26-27 (last adj2 menstrual period$).tw. (date adj1 conception).tw. CROWN RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. BIPARIETAL DISTANCE/ (biparietal$ adj1 diamet$).tw. ((transcerebellar$ or cerebellar$) adj1 diamet$).tw. or/29-35 HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).ti. CEPHALOMETRY/ or/37-39 FETUS/ and/40-41 or/36,42 and/28,43 FETUS ECHOGRAPHY/ ((gestation$ or fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 age$).ti. and/45-46 or/44,47 and/25,48 50875 28517 8472 5532 25488 66628 2823 19600 877 6479 33877 1502 202416 2266 362217 26705 26143 40146 645 13 540 76 568 906 70 2168 2101 210 2008 4064 95501 422 2438 1121 6831 2430 81 1175 20
61
Antenatal care
Fetal growth screening

ANCu_fetal_growth_screening_medline_220107
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Search History FETAL DEVELOPMENT/ "EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT"/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).tw. or/1-3 PALPATION/ (clinical adj1 judg$).tw. (growth adj (chart$ or curve$)).tw. size chart$.tw. symphysi$.tw. ((fundal$ or fundus$) adj height$).tw. CROWN-RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. ABDOMEN/ (abdom$ adj2 (circumference$ or diamet$)).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. ((femur or femoral) adj2 length$).tw. AMNIOTIC FLUID/ (amniotic fluid$ adj2 (volume$ or index$)).tw. ULTRASONICS/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ (doppler$ adj2 (arter$ or venous$)).tw. or/5-22 and/4,23 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).ti. and/25-26 or/24,27 limit 28 to human
Results 1063 22690 6348 28270 5767 3139 4642 16 2102 159 287 100 22906 1195 17453 2941 1208 15142 1122 15478 6472 2040 97886 2174 16182 1950 195 2258 2026

ANCu_fetal_growth_screening_embase_220107
# 1 2
62
Search History Results FETUS GROWTH/ 4695 ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).tw. 5591
Search strategies 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 or/1-2 PALPATION/ (clinical adj1 judg$).tw. GROWTH CURVE/ GROWTH RATE/ (growth adj (chart$ or curve$)).tw. size chart$.tw. PUBIS SYMPHYSIS/ symphysi$.tw. UTERUS FUNDUS HEIGHT/ ((fundal$ or fundus$) adj height$).tw. CROWN RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. ABDOMEN/ (abdom$ adj2 (circumference$ or diamet$)).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. ((femur or femoral) adj2 length$).tw. AMNION FLUID/ (amniotic fluid$ adj2 (volume$ or index$)).tw. DOPPLER FLOWMETRY/ DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY/ (doppler$ adj2 (arter$ or venous$)).tw. or/4-26 and/3,27 FETUS ECHOGRAPHY/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).ti. and/29-30 or/28,31 7722 2544 2459 3226 10858 3627 13 676 1363 22 127 539 76 5485 1125 1999 2089 2597 1069 6401 1020 13938 13624 1999 69264 1569 6789 1530 78 1594

ANCu_fetal_growth_screening_cinahl_220107
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Search History FETAL DEVELOPMENT/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).tw. or/1-2 PALPATION/ (clinical adj1 judg$).tw. (growth adj (chart$ or curve$)).tw. size chart$.tw.
Results 919 331 1172 598 646 198 0

63
Antenatal care 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 PUBIC SYMPHYSIS/ symphysi$.tw. FUNDAL HEIGHT/ ((fundal$ or fundus$) adj height$).tw. (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).tw. ABDOMEN/ (abdom$ adj2 (circumference$ or diamet$)).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. ((femur or femoral) adj2 length$).tw. AMNIOTIC FLUID/ (amniotic fluid$ adj2 (volume$ or index$)).tw. ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ (doppler$ adj2 (arter$ or venous$)).tw. or/4-22 and/3,23 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).ti. and/25-26 or/24,27 70 104 24 24 20 1074 56 564 107 218 35 261 66 697 77 4530 107 1219 131 16 117
64
Search strategies
Fetal growth screening economic

ANCu_fetal_growth_screening_economic_medline_080207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Search History ECONOMICS/ "COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS"/ COST ALLOCATION/ COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST SAVINGS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST SHARING/ HEALTH CARE COSTS/ DIRECT SERVICE COSTS/ DRUG COSTS/ EMPLOYER HEALTH COSTS/ HOSPITAL COSTS/ HEALTH RESOURCES/ "HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND"/ HEALTH PRIORITIES/ HEALTH EXPENDITURES/ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOSPITAL/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ "DEDUCTIBLES AND COINSURANCE"/ MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/ ECONOMICS, HOSPITAL/ ECONOMICS, MEDICAL/ ECONOMICS, NURSING/ ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL/ MODELS, ECONOMIC/ MODELS, ECONOMETRIC/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ HEALTH CARE RATIONING/ "FEES AND CHARGES"/ BUDGETS/ VALUE OF LIFE/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw. (QALY$ or life?year$).tw.
Results 24670 34890 1783 39044 17111 5599 8730 1227 14690 791 7652 948 5125 5760 24935 6111 9203 1788 14029 6573 2779 1094 294 8156 6681 3727 1711 2665 2343 5535 8486 7004 7259 4795 47485 1566
65
Antenatal care 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. ec.fs. or/1-39 FETAL DEVELOPMENT/ "EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT"/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).tw. or/41-43 PALPATION/ (clinical adj1 judg$).tw. (growth adj (chart$ or curve$)).tw. size chart$.tw. symphysi$.tw. ((fundal$ or fundus$) adj height$).tw. CROWN-RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. ABDOMEN/ (abdom$ adj2 (circumference$ or diamet$)).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. ((femur or femoral) adj2 length$).tw. AMNIOTIC FLUID/ (amniotic fluid$ adj2 (volume$ or index$)).tw. ULTRASONICS/ ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER/ (doppler$ adj2 (arter$ or venous$)).tw. or/45-62 and/44,63 ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).ti. and/65-66 or/64,67 and/40,68 limit 69 to humans 246415 1695 220409 503698 1090 22718 6373 28344 5780 3156 4673 16 2109 159 287 100 22953 1201 17506 2955 1211 15159 1125 15546 6515 2047 98209 2178 16221 1954 197 2263 24 22

ANCu_fetal_growth_screening_economic_embase_080207
# 1 2 3
66
Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/
Results 5080 8989 3485
Search strategies 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS/ COST CONTROL/ COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS/ COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS/ COST OF ILLNESS/ COST UTILITY ANALYSIS/ COST/ HEALTH CARE COST/ DRUG COST/ HEALTH CARE FINANCING/ HOSPITAL COST/ SOCIOECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC ASPECT/ QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS/ FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/ PHARMACOECONOMICS/ RESOURCE ALLOCATION/ (financ$ or fiscal$ or funding).tw. (QALY$ or life?year$).tw. (econom$ or cost$).tw. pharmacoeconomic$.tw. or/1-24 FETUS GROWTH/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).tw. or/26-27 PALPATION/ (clinical adj1 judg$).tw. GROWTH CURVE/ GROWTH RATE/ (growth adj (chart$ or curve$)).tw. size chart$.tw. PUBIS SYMPHYSIS/ symphysi$.tw. UTERUS FUNDUS HEIGHT/ ((fundal$ or fundus$) adj height$).tw. CROWN RUMP LENGTH/ (crown$ adj2 rump$ adj2 length$).ti. ABDOMEN/ (abdom$ adj2 (circumference$ or diamet$)).tw. CEPHALOMETRY/ HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE/ (head$ adj2 circumference$).tw. 25354 14819 47080 1081 3610 1844 18831 50875 28517 8472 5532 25488 66628 2823 19600 877 6479 33877 1502 202416 2266 362217 4719 5618 7758 2584 2470 3252 10923 3645 13 681 1370 22 127 540 76 5512 1131 2008 2101 2609
67
Antenatal care 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 ((femur or femoral) adj2 length$).tw. AMNION FLUID/ (amniotic fluid$ adj2 (volume$ or index$)).tw. DOPPLER FLOWMETRY/ DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY/ (doppler$ adj2 (arter$ or venous$)).tw. or/29-51 and/28,52 FETUS ECHOGRAPHY/ ((fetal or foetal or fetus or foetus) adj1 growth$).ti. and/54-55 or/53,56 and/25,57 1074 6421 1024 14000 13724 2005 69663 1577 6831 1533 78 1602 33
68
Search strategies
Alcohol intake
Ovid MEDLINE 1950 to February Week 1 2007
ANCu_alcohol_intake_medline_210207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 (alcohol$ adj3 (intak$ or consum$ or abstain$ or usage or unit$ or guid$ or recommend$ or threshold$ or advi?e$)).tw. ("alcohol use" adj10 pregnan$).ti. (bing$ adj2 (drink$ or alcohol$)).tw. or/5-7 and/4,8 FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME/pc [Prevention & Control] or/9-10 limit 11 to humans limit 12 to (comparative study or controlled clinical trial or evaluation studies or guideline or journal article or meta analysis or multicenter study or practice guideline or randomized controlled trial or "review")
Results 547112 26355 14269 551926 24738 70 970 25423 1376 358 1640 1386 1318

ANCu_alcohol_intake_embase_210207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION/ (alcohol$ adj3 (intak$ or consum$ or abstain$ or usage or unit$ or guid$ or recommend$ or threshold$ or advi?e$)).tw. ("alcohol use" adj10 pregnan$).ti. BINGE DRINKING/ (bing$ adj2 (drink$ or alcohol$)).tw. or/5-9 and/4,10 FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME/pc [Prevention] or/11-12 limit 13 to human
Results 162012 19869 7637 177908 32371 22993 60 38 874 42126 1704 92 1761 1534
69
Antenatal care limit 14 to (article or conference paper or journal or proceeding or report or "review" or short survey)
15
1534
CINAHL 1982 to February Week 3 2007

ANCu_alcohol_intake_cinahl_210207
# 1 2 3 4
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 (alcohol$ adj3 (intak$ or consum$ or abstain$ or usage or unit$ or guid$ or 5 recommend$ or threshold$ or advi?e$)).tw. 6 ("alcohol use" adj10 pregnan$).ti. 7 (bing$ adj2 (drink$ or alcohol$)).tw. 8 or/5-7 9 and/4,8 10 FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME/pc [Prevention & Control] 11 or/9-10 limit 11 to (clinical trial or journal article or practice guidelines or "review" or 12 "systematic review")
Results 44449 2609 4068 45186 2494 24 326 2745 192 95 262 251
70
Search strategies
Information
ANCu_information_medline_230207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 PATIENT EDUCATION/ ACCESS TO INFORMATION/ (information$ or education$ or communication$).ti. or/5-7 PAMPHLETS/ exp VIDEO RECORDING/ (booklet$ or leaflet$ or pamphlet$ or brochure$ or hand?out$ or multi?media$ or touch?screen$ or touch screen$ or videotape$).tw. face to face.tw. one to one.tw. COUNSELING/ parent?craft$.tw. ((ante?natal$ or ante natal$) adj2 (class$ or group$)).tw. INTERNET/ NURSE MIDWIVES/ MIDWIFERY/ PHYSICIANS, FAMILY/ general practitioner$.tw. obstetrician$.tw. TIME FACTORS/ PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, FIRST/ PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, SECOND/ PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, THIRD/ booking.tw. contact$.ti. or/9-28 and/4,8,29 (decision$ adj2 aid$).tw. (informed adj3 decision making).tw. patient education handout.pt. or/31-33 and/4,34
Results 547374 26370 14280 552191 46838 1046 140141 178499 2209 18321 21488 4196 1771 19952 34 220 21967 5135 10145 10669 23515 5946 724441 9118 9181 9359 653 29323 903076 1239 1151 477 2051 3651 158
71
Antenatal care 36 or/30,35 1384 37 limit 36 to humans 1359 limit 37 to (comparative study or controlled clinical trial or evaluation studies 38 or guideline or journal article or meta analysis or multicenter study or practice 1243 guideline or randomized controlled trial or "review") EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 08
ANCu_information_embase_230207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
72
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 INFORMATION/ PATIENT INFORMATION/ CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATION/ ACCESS TO INFORMATION/ INFORMATION DISSEMINATION/ PATIENT EDUCATION/ (information$ or education$ or communication$).ti. or/5-11 VIDEORECORDING/ (booklet$ or leaflet$ or pamphlet$ or brochure$ or hand?out$ or multi?media$ or touch?screen$ or touch screen$ or videotape$).tw. VISUAL INFORMATION/ face to face.tw. one to one.tw. COUNSELING/ PATIENT COUNSELING/ parent?craft$.tw. ((ante?natal$ or ante natal$) adj2 (class$ or group$)).tw. INTERNET/ exp MIDWIFE/ GENERAL PRACTITIONER/ obstetrician$.tw. TIME/ FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY/ SECOND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY/ THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANCY/ booking.tw. contact$.ti. or/13-31
Results 162265 18929 7661 177461 6937 10986 106 4129 1985 22711 59905 98354 10420 16767 2495 3627 1437 7823 17117 10 156 22129 1844 25507 7510 47997 7751 5004 5061 572 22124 194211
Search strategies 33 34 35 36 37 38 and/4,12,32 (decision$ adj2 aid$).tw. (informed adj3 decision making).tw. or/34-35 and/4,36 or/33,37 limit 38 to (article or conference paper or journal or proceeding or report or 39 "review" or short survey) CINAHL 1982 to February Week 3 2007
ANCu_information_cinahl_230207
497 1091 414 1478 50 542 542
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 INFORMATION RESOURCES/ HEALTH INFORMATION/ CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATION/ ACCESS TO INFORMATION/ PATIENT EDUCATION/ (information$ or education$ or communication$).ti. or/5-10 PAMPHLETS/ VIDEORECORDING/ (booklet$ or leaflet$ or pamphlet$ or brochure$ or hand?out$ or multi?media$ or touch?screen$ or touch screen$ or videotape$).tw. face to face.tw. one to one.tw. INFORMATION NEEDS/ COUNSELING/ parent?craft$.tw. CHILDBIRTH EDUCATION/ ((ante?natal$ or ante natal$) adj2 (class$ or group$)).tw. INTERNET/ WORLD WIDE WEB/ MIDWIVES/ PHYSICIANS, FAMILY/ general practitioner$.tw. obstetrician$.tw. TIME FACTORS/ PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, FIRST/
Results 44449 2609 4068 45186 24406 2859 4644 3820 22225 51562 97624 1111 6683 4512 1609 402 4885 5670 34 1412 102 7080 20261 2052 3066 2793 780 21641 498
73
Antenatal care 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, SECOND/ PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, THIRD/ booking.tw. contact$.ti. or/12-33 and/4,11,34 (decision$ adj2 aid$).tw. (informed adj3 decision making).tw. or/36-37 and/4,38 or/35,39 limit 40 to (abstract or "advice and referral website" or audiovisual or clinical trial or consumer patient teaching materials or information website or journal 41 article or pamphlet or pamphlet chapter or practice guidelines or "review" or "systematic review" or teaching materials or website) PsycINFO 1967 to February Week 3 2007
ANCu_information_psycinfo_230207
450 442 117 1493 79944 968 235 187 414 33 995 980
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
74
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 INFORMATION/ CLIENT EDUCATION/ HEALTH KNOWLEDGE/ INFORMATION SEEKING/ (information$ or education$ or communication$).ti. or/5-9 WRITTEN COMMUNICATION/ VIDEOTAPES/ (booklet$ or leaflet$ or pamphlet$ or brochure$ or hand?out$ or multi?media$ or touch?screen$ or touch screen$ or videotape$).tw. face to face.tw. one to one.tw. COUNSELING/ parent?craft$.tw. ((ante?natal$ or ante natal$) adj2 (class$ or group$)).tw. INTERNET/ midwi?e$.tw. GENERAL PRACTITIONERS/ OBSTETRICIANS/
Results 9436 3286 622 12270 6447 2130 2581 1869 80075 87112 5066 1894 18013 4842 1049 12435 10 39 6496 596 2410 106
Search strategies 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 TIME/ booking.tw. contact$.ti. or/11-25 and/4,10,26 DECISION MAKING/ (decision$ adj2 aid$).tw. (informed adj3 decision making).tw. or/28-30 and/4,31 or/27,32 limit 33 to human limit 34 to ("0100 journal" or "0110 peer-reviewed journal" or "0120 non35 peer-reviewed journal" or "0130 peer-reviewed status unknown" or "0500 electronic collection") 7152 66 2924 59970 47 21727 601 213 22078 216 258 255 194
75
Antenatal care
Chlamydia screening
ANCu_chlamydia_screening_medline_280207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
76
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 MASS SCREENING/ screening$.ti. URINALYSIS/ (urin$ adj3 test$).tw. ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY/ ELISA.tw. (enzyme$ adj5 immuno$).tw. FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT/ (direct$ adj3 immunofluorescen$).tw. (direct$ adj5 fluorescen$ adj5 antibod$).tw. positive immunofluorescen$.tw. exp NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TECHNIQUES/ naat.tw. (nucleic$ adj3 amplif$).tw. (polymerase$ adj3 chain$).tw. pcr.tw. (ligase$ adj3 chain$).tw. lcr.tw. DNA amplif$.tw. exp NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION/ (nucleic$ adj3 hybridi$).tw. exp DNA PROBES/ (DNA adj3 probe$).tw. "STAINING AND LABELING"/ (gram$ adj3 stain$).tw. VAGINAL SMEARS/ ((cerv$ or endocerv$ or vagina$) adj3 (swab$ or smear$)).tw. or/9-35
Results 547374 26370 14280 552191 9589 9842 15823 18132 53675 59710 2259 6072 81503 63707 65712 1791 3753 808 348 210984 42 1109 98529 154744 496 1118 2949 123158 1250 138017 12502 51544 3208 15328 6344 747871
Search strategies 37 and/4,8,36 38 limit 37 to humans EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 08

ANCu_chlamydia_screening_embase_280207
575 504
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ exp CHLAMYDIASIS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 SCREENING/ SCREENING TEST/ MASS SCREENING/ screening$.ti. URINALYSIS/ (urin$ adj3 test$).tw. ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY/ ELISA.tw. (enzyme$ adj5 immuno$).tw. FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE/ (direct$ adj3 immunofluorescen$).tw. (direct$ adj5 fluorescen$ adj5 antibod$).tw. positive immunofluorescen$.tw. NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION/ naat.tw. (nucleic$ adj3 amplif$).tw. POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION/ (polymerase$ adj3 chain$).tw. pcr.tw. LIGASE CHAIN REACTION/ (ligase$ adj3 chain$).tw. lcr.tw. DNA amplif$.tw. NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION/ (nucleic$ adj3 hybridi$).tw. DNA PROBE/ (DNA adj3 probe$).tw.
Results 162265 19886 7661 178188 9907 6814 13736 17416 29943 23416 8791 46221 27276 4965 81130 53884 56796 1563 3066 603 241 737 37 1062 124067 88040 137989 444 446 1062 2517 1981 929 13360 10153
77
Antenatal care 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 GRAM STAINING/ (gram$ adj3 stain$).tw. UTERINE CERVIX CYTOLOGY/ VAGINA SMEAR/ ((cerv$ or endocerv$ or vagina$) adj3 (swab$ or smear$)).tw. or/9-40 and/4,8,41 2472 2693 5391 905 4687 463950 310

ANCu_chlamydia_screening_cinahl_280207
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
78
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).ti. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 HEALTH SCREENING/ screening$.ti. URINALYSIS/ (urin$ adj3 test$).tw. ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY/ ELISA.tw. (enzyme$ adj5 immuno$).tw. FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE/ (direct$ adj3 immunofluorescen$).tw. (direct$ adj5 fluorescen$ adj5 antibod$).tw. positive immunofluorescen$.tw. exp NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TECHNIQUES/ naat.tw. (nucleic$ adj3 amplif$).tw. (polymerase$ adj3 chain$).tw. pcr.tw. (ligase$ adj3 chain$).tw. lcr.tw. DNA amplif$.tw. exp NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION/ (nucleic$ adj3 hybridi$).tw. DNA PROBES/
Results 44449 2609 4068 45186 274 928 922 1275 5985 9029 1843 436 1528 522 921 114 22 17 0 3035 6 55 1380 1000 27 17 22 201 5 36
Search strategies 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 (DNA adj3 probe$).tw. "STAINING AND LABELING"/ (gram$ adj3 stain$).tw. exp CERVICAL SMEARS/ ((cerv$ or endocerv$ or vagina$) adj3 (swab$ or smear$)).tw. or/9-35 and/4,8,36 52 401 144 1871 232 21743 36
79
Antenatal care
Fasting tests views

ANCu_fasting_tests_views_medline_020307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Search History PREGNANT WOMEN/ PREGNANCY/ PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST/ (gtt or oggt).tw. (glucose$ adj5 toleran$ adj5 test$).tw. (gct or ogct).tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (fast$ adj5 (plasma$ or blood$) adj5 glucose$).tw. or/7-12 exp "PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE"/ satisf$.tw. (wom?n$ adj5 (view$ or experience$)).tw. uptake$.tw. or/14-17 and/6,13,18 limit 19 to humans
Results 4009 547856 8576 58106 14306 564454 21837 884 10674 1404 257 8149 32952 93158 117932 9510 169013 372245 60 49

ANCu_fasting_tests_views_embase_020307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
80
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ exp PREGNANCY DIABETES MELLITUS/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-4 exp GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST/ (gtt or oggt).tw. (glucose$ adj5 toleran$ adj5 test$).tw. (gct or ogct).tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (fast$ adj5 (plasma$ or blood$) adj5 glucose$).tw.
Results 162265 5436 47847 7661 198943 12699 723 8820 1279 230 7901
Search strategies 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 or/6-11 exp PATIENT ATTITUDE/ satisf$.tw. EXPERIENCE/ (wom?n$ adj5 (view$ or experience$)).tw. uptake$.tw. or/13-17 and/5,12,18 23190 78407 100648 21041 7214 148842 333496 52

ANCu_fasting_tests_views_cinahl_020307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Search History PREGNANT WOMEN/ PREGNANCY/ PREGNANCY IN DIABETES/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-5 GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST/ (gtt or oggt).tw. (glucose$ adj5 toleran$ adj5 test$).tw. (gct or ogct).tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (fast$ adj5 (plasma$ or blood$) adj5 glucose$).tw. or/7-12 PATIENT ATTITUDES/ PATIENT SATISFACTION/ exp PATIENT COMPLIANCE/ TREATMENT REFUSAL/ satisf$.tw. (wom?n$ adj5 (view$ or experience$)).tw. uptake$.tw. or/14-20 and/6,13,21
Results 805 44502 488 5642 4070 46048 843 26 561 28 34 628 1547 7375 10465 9271 1651 19268 4690 2531 47912 6
PsycINFO 1967 to February Week 4 2007

ANCu_fasting_tests_views_psycinfo_020307
# 1 2 3
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/
Results 9444 8664 623

81
Antenatal care 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 or/1-3 (gtt or oggt).tw. (glucose$ adj5 toleran$ adj5 test$).tw. (gct or ogct).tw. (glucose$ adj5 challeng$ adj5 test$).tw. (fast$ adj5 (plasma$ or blood$) adj5 glucose$).tw. or/5-9 exp CLIENT ATTITUDES/ TREATMENT COMPLIANCE/ TREATMENT REFUSAL/ satisf$.tw. (wom?n$ adj5 (view$ or experience$)).tw. uptake$.tw. or/11-16 and/4,10,17 16418 20 152 19 1 137 304 10626 6342 426 59528 9631 4262 86109 1
82
Search strategies
Chlamydia treatment
ANCu_chlamydia_treatment_medline_070307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 exp ERYTHROMYCIN/ erythromycin$.tw. azithromycin$.tw. TETRACYCLINE/ tetracycline$.tw. DOXYCYCLINE/ doxycycline$.tw. or/9-15 and/4,8,16 limit 17 to humans
Results 547856 58106 14306 564039 9596 9853 15839 18149 16533 12720 2819 15476 19654 4825 5265 50609 183 178

ANCu_chlamydia_treatment_embase_070307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Search History exp PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ exp CHLAMYDIASIS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 ERYTHROMYCIN/ erythromycin$.tw. AZITHROMYCIN/ azithromycin$.tw. TETRACYCLINE/
Results 162501 47931 7669 196140 9921 6829 13751 17443 38718 11101 10840 3242 34478
83
Antenatal care 14 15 16 17 18 tetracycline$.tw. DOXYCYCLINE/ doxycycline$.tw. or/9-16 and/4,8,17 13194 18303 4479 81485 252
CINAHL 1982 to March Week 1 2007

ANCu_chlamydia_treatment_cinahl_070307
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Search History PREGNANCY/ (ante?natal$ or ante natal$ or prenatal$).tw. PRENATAL CARE/ or/1-3 exp CHLAMYDIA/ CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS/ chlamydia$.tw. or/5-7 exp ERYTHROMYCIN/ erythromycin$.tw. azithromycin$.tw. TETRACYCLINE/ tetracycline$.tw. DOXYCYCLINE/ doxycycline$.tw. or/9-15 and/4,8,16
Results 44633 5658 4086 46123 274 930 923 1277 652 302 199 117 184 262 191 1368 18
84
Search strategies
Vitamin D
Searches for NICE Rapid Review The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions to promote an optimal intake of Vitamin D to improve the nutrition of preconceptional, pregnant and post-partum women and children The searches were initially carried out across the Medline, Embase, Cinahl, CCTR, CDSR, DARE and Amed bibliographic databases. A sensitive strategy that combined relevant terms relating to preconceptional, pregnant and post-partum women, and children up to five years of age with appropriate vitamin d terms was used, and focused on interventions rather than being restricted to outcomes. The search was not limited by study type; however, it was restricted to the English language and the years 1990-present.
Medline 1990-2006 1. exp PREGNANCY/ 2. pregnan$.tw. 3. PRECONCEPTION CARE/ 4. PRENATAL CARE/ 5. POSTPARTUM PERIOD/ 6. (pre?conception or pre?pregnan$ or pre?natal or ante?natal or post?partum or post?natal or puerperium or childbear$).tw. 7. or/1-6 8. INFANT, PREMATURE/ 9. INFANT, POSTMATURE/ 10. INFANT, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT/ 11. (low adj birth adj weight).tw. 12. lbw.tw. 13. INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT/ 14. vlbw.tw. 15. INFANT, NEWBORN/ 16. neonat$.tw. 17. newborn$.tw. 18. exp INFANT/ 19. infan$.tw. 20. CHILD, PRESCHOOL/ 21. (baby or babies).tw. 22. (child$ adj5 pre?school).tw. 23. toddler$.tw. 24. or/8-23 25. or/7,24 26. exp VITAMIN D/ 27. vitamin d.tw. 28. alfacalcidol$.tw. 29. hydroxycholecalciferol$.tw. 30. dihydroxycholecalciferol$.tw. 31. calcifediol$.tw. 32. calcitriol$.tw. 33. (dihydroxyvitamin d or hydroxyvitamin d).tw. 34. dihydrotachysterol$.tw. 35. doxercalciferol$.tw.
85
Antenatal care 36. ergocalciferol$.tw. 37. paricalcitol$.tw. 38. cholecalciferol$.tw. 39. or/26-38 40. and/25,39 41. limit 40 to yr="1990 - 2006" 42. limit 41 to english language 43. animal/ not (human/ or (human/ and animal/)) 44. 42 not 43
The MeSH terms were amended as appropriate when the search was run in the other databases. These searches returned the following results:
Table 1: Search results 1990-2006 Database Medline Embase CCTR CDSR & DARE Cinahl Amed Total Total after de-duplication Results 1488 1596 95 29 196 8 3412 2376
Of these 2376 references, 60 were selected for review, however, due to the quality and relevance of the literature, the search was re-run from 1980-1989, using the same combination of text words and MeSH terms. The following results were returned:
Table 2: Search results 1980-1989 Database Medline Embase CCTR CDSR & DARE Cinahl Amed Total Total after de-duplication Results 747 770 48 0 2 3 1570 1246
57 papers were retrieved as a result of this search, but for the same reasons as before, the search was again extended. The search was re-run on Medline from 1966-79 and on Psycinfo from 1966-2006 (it had not been previously searched). The same search terms as before were used, however the MeSH terms VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY/, OSTEOMALACIA/ and RICKETS/ were also included, as there were reputedly higher incidences of these diseases. This search returned 883 unique results, 30 of which were retrieved.
86
Search strategies
Searches were also conducted to find grey literature relevant to the guidance. The following databases were searched: DH-Data and the Kings Fund. The text word vitamin d was used as the search term in both cases. From these databases, 81 unique records were returned, and nine retrieved. In addition to these systematic searches, the websites of the NHS Health Technology Assessment Programmes, SIGN, National Guideline Clearing House, NICE, and TRIP were searched using vitamin d AND pregnancy and vitamin d AND children as keywords, however there were no relevant results. A search was also carried on the incidence of osteomalacia and rickets in children, restricted to the year between 1990 to 2006. There were 61 papers identified and seven were retrieved. We also retrieved 44 papers from references list of included studies and background papers. The total number of papers retrieved for examination was 207, of which 21 papers reporting on 16 studies were eligible for review.
Table 3: Summary of search results Source/Search Vitamin D 1990-2006 Vitamin D 1980-1989 Vitamin D 1966-1979 Vitamin D Grey Literature Incidence of osteomalacia & Rickets 1990-2006 Reference Lists & Background Papers Total Unique Results 2376 1246 883 81 61 4647 Papers Retrieved 60 57 30 9 7 44 207
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Other NICE guidelines produced by the National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health include: Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems Caesarean section Type 1 diabetes: diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes in children and young people Long-acting reversible contraception: the effective and appropriate use of long-acting reversible contraception Urinary incontinence: the management of urinary incontinence in women Heavy menstrual bleeding Feverish illness in children: assessment and initial management in children younger than 5 years Urinary tract infection in children: diagnosis, treatment and long-term management Intrapartum care: care of healthy women and their babies during childbirth Atopic eczema in children: management of atopic eczema in children from birth up to the age of 12 years Surgical management of otitis media with effusion in children Diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconception to the postnatal period Guidelines in production include: Induction of labour (update) Surgical site infection Diarrhoea and vomiting in children under 5 When to suspect child maltreatment Meningitis and meningococcal disease in children Neonatal jaundice Idiopathic constipation in children Hypertension in pregnancy Socially complex pregnancies Autism in children and adolescents Enquiries regarding the above guidelines can be addressed to: National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health Kings Court Fourth Floor 216 Goodge Street London W1T 2QA enquiries@ncc-wch.org.uk
A version of this guideline for pregnant women, their partners and the public is available from the NICE website (www.nice.org.uk/CG062) or from NICE publications on 0845 003 7783; quote reference number N1483.
Published by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. To purchase further copies and for a complete list of RCOG Press titles, visit: www.rcogbookshop.com
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National Collaborating Centre for Womens and Childrens Health

Sickle cell screening

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

CINAHL 1982 to October Week 4 2006

Search History PREPREGNANCY CARE/ (preconcept$ or pre concept$).tw. PREGNANCY/

Results 347 338 42864

Sickle cell screening economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

Search History ECONOMICS/

Antenatal care EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

Search strategies 38 or/32,35,37 CINAHL 1982 to October Week 4 2006

Thalassaemia screening economic

Antenatal care EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 43

Screening diabetes pregnancy

Search strategies EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 44

CINAHL 1982 to November Week 1 2006

Search History PREGNANT WOMEN/

Screening gestational diabetes economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 24

Results 4906 8472 3114 23529 14042 43520 983

Antenatal care 50 limit 49 to human 245

Downs syndrome screening

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 46

CINAHL 1982 to November Week 2 2006

Results 43013 728 3959 43524 1266 724 1273 5739 72 5 0 7 7 28 0 0 9 16 75

Downs syndrome screening economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 46

Structural abnormalities screening

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 46

Antenatal care 59 or/48-58 60 and/4,47,59 CINAHL 1982 to November Week 2 2006

Structural abnormalities screening economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 46

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 47

Preterm labour screening

532699 2093 2057

508 425689 2286

Search strategies 35 or/4-34 36 and/3,35 28854 246

EMBASE 1980 to 2006 Week 49

Search History PREECLAMPSIA/ (pre eclampsia$ or preeclampsia$).ti.

Results 10917 4435

CINAHL 1982 to December Week 1 2006

Results 787 444 807 5799 4233 8913 3798 2082

Gestational age screening

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 02

Results 26547 26042 39969 641 13 539 76 564

CINAHL 1982 to December Week 2 2006

Gestational age screening economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 05

Fetal growth screening

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 02

CINAHL 1982 to December Week 2 2006

Results 919 331 1172 598 646 198 0

Fetal growth screening economic

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 05

Search History ECONOMICS/ HEALTH ECONOMICS/ ECONOMIC EVALUATION/

Results 5080 8989 3485

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 07

CINAHL 1982 to February Week 3 2007

497 1091 414 1478 50 542 542

Search strategies 37 and/4,8,36 38 limit 37 to humans EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 08

CINAHL 1982 to February Week 3 2007

Fasting tests views

EMBASE 1980 to 2007 Week 08