1

Government of Pakistan

NATIONAL OCCUPATION SKILL STANDARD

FOR

Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Mechanic

National Training Board FOREWORD The National Training Board was created under the terms of National Training Ordinance of 1980 with an authority to regulate and promote vocational training in Pakistan. It is charged with responsibility to:(i) Collaborate with the sources of labour market information as determined from a survey of establishments with a view to assessing on a continuing basic existing and future training needs, both local and foreign; Systematically study existing training programmes with respect to their relevance, duration and size and recommend such measures to be taken as seen desirable in the light of this study; Establish criteria for evaluating and determining training programmes and facilities; Develop training syllabi and establish and specify national training standards and trade test without prejudice to any existing programme being implemented by Provincial Government under an agreement with a foreign Government; such training programmes as are funded from the Federal budget; Prepare national training plans, programmes and projects in view of local as well as foreign manpower requirements and submit them for the approval by the Federal Government; Recommend to the Federal Government means for financing training programmes; Promote and finance training of establishment-based or institution-based training officials and instructors; Organize and conduct seminars and workshops for various types of personnel associated with training activities; Collect and compile statistics related to training; Co-ordinate the working of Provincial Boards; Review existing and proposed legislation on vocational training and recommend necessary legislative provisions with the concurrence of the Provincial Boards; Issue to establishments or institutions for compliance directives within the framework of the approved plans and projects; and Do all other acts necessary for carrying out the purpose of this Ordinance.

(ii) (iii) (iv)

(v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) (xiii) (xiv)

An occupational skill standard is defined as a written specification setting out the requirements of knowledge and skills with respect to a particular occupation, i.e. welder, automotive mechanic, etc. These standards will be used as basis in the development of training programmes and in the implementation of occupational skill

testing and certification. These standards in brief will ensure that the trainee has acquired the minimum level of skill to perform satisfactorily in a specific occupation. The objectives of the occupational skill standards testing and certification programme are:(a) To improve the level of skill of workers in industry and increase the economic potential of the country; (b) To improve industrial relations and provide industry with workers whose scope and level of job knowledge and skills are identified; (c) To assist in human resources development by providing a precise means of assessing the countrys skilled manpower both quantitatively and qualitatively; (d) To create an incentive and desire for workers to attain a high level of knowledge and skill competency in their respective trade or occupation and award them a skill certificate which is nationally acceptable; (e) To establish a common basis for coordination and cooperation among employers, workers and government relating to human resources development programmes; (f) To provide technical and vocational training institutions basis for developing curricula that will reflect the requirement of industry; (g) To establish a basis for conducting occupational skill testing and certification; (h) To facilitate the mobility of skilled workers.

On attaining the above objective, the following benefits could be derived:For the workers Clearer idea as to the degree of competence to strive for; Skills certificates issued can be used as passport to appropriate jobs. For Industries Reduced recruitment cost; improve job-skills matching; fair compensation scheme. For Educational and Training Institution More relevant training programme; better quality graduates. For the Government Rational income/wage policies; manpower training programmes; consistent manpower information; more realistic national manpower plan.

In order to give detailed consideration to the development of national occupational skill standards, the National Training Board appointed Technical Committee composed of trade experts to advise on the contents of the skill standards and the appropriate skill tests. The members of Technical Committee for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic Trade and the Secretariate who prepared this National Occupation Skill Standard are as follows:1. Mr. A. A. Hashami General Manager (Projects) Pakistan Auto-Mobile Corporation Karachi. Chairman

2. Mr.Hisam-ud-din Senior Manager Planning and Development M/s Awami Auto Ltd.

Member

3. Mr. Nazir Ahmad Forman Mangla Power House Mangla. 4. Syed Sabir Ali Senior Instructor Technical Training Centre North Nazimabad Karachi 5. Mr. Sarwar Zaidi Training Manager Carrier Service Co. Karachi.

Member

Member

Co-opted Member

6. Mr. Bashir Ahmad Lift Engineer Capital Development Authority Islamabad. 7. Mr. Louis. H. Prokop I.L.O./UNDP 8. Mr. M. Khalid Javed Bhatti Technical Officer National Training Bureau Islamabad

Co-opted Member

Advisor

Secretary/Member

The National Training Bureau wishes to express its sincere appreciation and thanks to the Chairman and member of the Technical Committee who so generously contributed their valuable time, expert advice and cooperation in developing said National Occupational Skill Standard.

General
The Occupational Skill Standard referred to relates specifically to workers at craft level and is directly related to the skills, equipment, tools and materials in common use in Pakistan at the present time. This Occupational Skill Standard is divided into three Grades or Levels. These are: 1. 2. 3. The Basic Level The Intermediate Level The Advance Level G III G II GI

(Note. The knowledge and skill requirements for the Basic and Intermediate Level of this standard have been given priority considerations setting aside for future development the requirements under the Advance Level). The Basic Level relates to the level of knowledge and skills expected from craftsmen who have undergone training in this trade conducted by a training institution of equivalent standard or from those who already have to their credit at least three (3) years of recognized on-the-job experience. The Advance Level is based on the highest level of knowledge and skill expected from a craftsman in this trade. The Intermediate Level falls approximately midway between the Advance Level and the Basic Level. This Occupational Skill Standard will be subject to a periodic review and modification to be responsive to the changing technology and to the requirements of the country/industry. Persons who are wishing to be certified as competent in any of the three grades should undertake a trade test to be designed to show by oral and/or written examination and by practical demonstration that they are in possession of the knowledge and skill set out in the standard. The emphasis in all certification tests will be on objectivity and the requirements of the industry.

Basic Level (Grade-III), Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Mechanic :

Knowledge Requirements: Safety precautions-personal and equipment. The use, care and maintenance of tools and equipment. The type, sizes and uses of copper tubing. The types, sizes and uses of refrigeration fittings. Basic principles of refrigeration the refrigeration cycle. Basic components operation in the domestic refrigeration system. Basic principles of electricity, electrical circuitry and test equipment. Basic refrigeration and electrical terms, symbols and diagram. The common types of refrigerants, their normal operating pressures, leak testing. The safety requirements applicable to refrigerant handling and transfer. The charging procedures for domestic refrigeration system. Characteristic, application and sizes of electrical wires and fuse rating. Type characteristics of oxy. Acetylene flames, brazing and soldering procedures and safety requirements. Types and application of soldering and welding equipment, solders and fluxes. Basic domestic system electrical circuits (excluding frost free and split unit AC). Procedures and test equipment for measuring electrical units (Volts, amps & ohms). Function, purpose and operation of manifold, pressure gauges and thermometers. Installation procedures and requirements for refrigerators, freezers, drinking water coolers and window air conditioners. Periodic maintenance procedure and requirements for domestic system. Types of cleaning equipment and cleaning agents. The construction of various types of refrigerators, freezers, window air conditioners and split unit room air conditioners. The construction of various types of domestic refrigeration and air conditioning systems. The testing, servicing repairing and adjustment procedure and requirements for various type domestic refrigeration and air conditioning system and system components.

Skill Requirements: Select, use and care tools and equipment commonly used in the domestic refrigeration and air conditioning area. Select and use simple measuring tools Fix simple bracket and simple fitting work to Limits of 0.5mm (0.22 inch). Measure, cut, bend, pinch off, swage, flare and constrict copper tubing of not more than 20 mm (3/4 inch ) outside diameter (repair and make connections). Solder copper tubing (repair and make connection). Splice and solder electrical conductors. Test and measure electrical unit and simple domestic refrigeration electrical circuits. Locate leaks in domestic refrigerators, freezers and window air conditioners. Adjust temperature control thermostat on domestic refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Install domestic refrigerators, freezers and window air conditioners. Perform scheduled periodic maintenance on domestic refrigeration systems and components. Check and adjust doors and replaces door gaskets on domestic refrigerators and freezer. Perform all necessary tasks in installing and servicing domestic refrigeration system. Flush domestic refrigeration systems. Solder, braze copper tubing using blow torch and oxy-acetylene equipment (Repair and make connections). Locate and repair leaks in domestic refrigerators, freezers and window air conditioners. Remove, check, repair or replace condenser and evaporators. Check, clean, remove and replace capillary tubes and driers. Evacuate, dehydrates, purges and charge with refrigeration domestic refrigeration and air conditioning system. Observe good house-keeping, craftsmanship, courtesy and honesty in carrying out servicing activities.

3. Intermediate Level (Grade-II), Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Mechanic: Knowledge Requirements: Types of controls and components used in the operation of domestic defrost and heat pump systems. The manufactures replacement, service and maintenance requirement of the domestic mechanical and electrical systems and systems components. Domestic system diagrams, chart and instrument reading and interpretations. Domestic system check out and malfunction isolation procedures of common faults in simple systems (to replace units). Factors to be considered when selecting and estimating the size and location of window air conditioners and split unit room air conditioning units. The Pakistan Electrical and Mechanical Codes, which are applicable for domestic refrigeration and air conditioning system, installation and servicing. Domestic refrigeration systems check out and malfunction (fault) isolation procedures (using diagrams, chart and test equipment). Domestic refrigeration systems operation and malfunction analysis (diagnose) all types of domestic systems. Write work orders and prepare work charges. Prepare supply materials and parts list inventory control. Basic commercial refrigeration and AC systems and system components operations. Interpret blue prints, drawings and diagrams to install and fabricate basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems and components. Skill Requirements Interpret and read mechanical and electrical blue prints, drawing and diagrams to determine the location of commercial refrigeration and air conditioning units and components. Indentifies size, types of refrigeration fittings, tubing, piping and common hardware. Test, adjust, remove and replace temperature controls and defrost timers on domestic systems. Test, check, remove and replace domestic electrical system and systems electrical components. Replace thermetic units and system check out.

Diagnose (trouble shoot) and repair domestic refrigeration system faults (malfunction) excluding frostfree and split unit room air conditioner. Order and price domestic refrigeration system replacement components and spare parts. Assemble complete basic commercial systems by fabricating and installing tubing, piping and system components. Connect, remove a replace basic commercial electrical systems and system electrical components. Pump down evacuate, flush, dehydrate, charge with refrigerant and purge basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Adjust refrigerant and temperature controls of basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Remove and replace system components on basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Recondition valves, valves plates, seals and make gasket. Maintenance of electrical motors, starters and other electrical components. Perform scheduled periodic maintenance of basic commercial refrigeration, air conditioning and auxiliary equipment and system components.

Clean condensers and evaporators by mechanical and chemical means, straighten fins. Remove, refill and replace refrigerant driers and filters. Interpret charts, gauge and thermometer readings to determine operating conditions of basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Perform all necessary tasks in installing and servicing basic commercial refrigeration and air conditioning system. Trouble shoot (diagnose and repair) domestic refrigeration system electrical and mechanical faults (malfunctions) using schematic diagrams, chart and test equipment. Trouble shoot (diagnose) electric motors, starters, relays, timers and heaters by repairing or replacing defective parts excluding motor rewinding. Perform operational test (bench test) and repair reciprocating and rotary hermetic compressors (excluding e.g. all motors). Perform cooling performance test on room air conditioning systems by using sling psychrometer (hydrometer and psychrometric charts).

Observe good housekeeping, high workmanship courtesy and honesty in carrying out installation and servicing activities. PLUS Skill of basic level mechanic.

REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Tube Cutter Flaring tools Swaging tools Pinch-Off tools Tube benders Reamers Hacksaw Files Hammers Chisels Punches Screwdrivers Pliers Spanners Socket set Ratchet spanners Pipe spanners Allen key set Snippers Scissors Dividers Calipers Wire brushes Drills bits Measuring tapes Measuring rules Fin comb Leak detectors Soldering equipment Welding equipment Electric hand drill Thermometers Pressure gauges Multimeters Ampere meter (Clampon) Test cord Absolute vacuum pump Micron Gauge Refrigerant charts Wheel Pullers Feeler gauges Level Tapes dies and reamer Pipe cutters Pipe theaders Screw extractors Packing gland wrench Gasket punch Nitrogen regulator guages Hermetic tester Capacitor analyser with relay tester Sling psychrometer Psychrometeric Charts 1000v Megger (Insulation) Watt meter Revolution counter Tecometer Recording Voltmeter Differntial Pressure gauge Micro pressure gauge Air velocity meter 0-3000 , 0-2000, 0-5000 , 0-1000 (Cubic feet per minute)

Published by:

The National Training Bureau (Manpower Division) Government of Pakistan Plot No.39 Sector H-9 near Shalimar Recording Co Islamabad Fax No. 051-9258802 info@ntb.gov.pk http://www.ntb.gov.pk