STAIRCASE

Defination
Staircase is the stair which lead mankind to the
upper floor in a building, including the
enclosure walls.

Staircase also a set of stairs in a building, usually

with banisters or handrails.
 Historical facts
Staircase are one of the oldest building elements in
architectural history.
Staircase are an integral part of our daily life.
The associations connected with the stair of the Paris
Opera or those sweeping sets in the Busby Berkeley
movies of 1930s.

RECENT HISTORY
Historic stairs show a great variety of approaches, ideas
and executions.
But, also their dependence on architectural styles and
philosophies.
 Types of staircase
Staircase can design 4 basic shape, it’s follow
as
1. straight stair
2. ‘L’ stair
3. return stair
4. geometry stair
circular stair
spiral stair
elips stair
 ● Straight stair
It’s also recognise like
small house stair.
Easy to build and
economic.
Without platform.
 2. ‘L’ stair

It’s has 90 degree to turn.

It’s can be to reduce of
build space.
But, it’s not leisure, cause
it design sloping, narrow
and not safety.
 3. Return stair

‘U’ shape, 180 to turn

and with a platform.
It’s has platform half
space.
Goodness for this stair that
have a one commencement
point and last point that same
at every stage.
It’s always use for block the
fire.
 4. Geometry stair

Geometry stair a divided to

a) circular stair
b) elips stair
c) spiral stair
This stair has a decorative
quality.
Use a minimum space
It’s not good to move
Furniture or equipment.
 Functional requirement

Stair have many uses. It’s can help human to move from
another floor to different floor.

It’s also can help human to escape from fire.

Size standard for other stair is

 Riser must not be more than 180mm
 Tread also not be less than 255mm
Staircase has a component like baluster or
handrail.

High of the handrail at least 760mm until

860mm. Also can be 900mm until 1000mm.

Concrete cement and iron generally the

materials uses for build the staircase.
 Safety factor
For the safety stair, it must have a structure
strong and stable.

It’s also must have a quality to prohibit fire

at least not be less half one hour.

Handrails also important in a safety factor

staircase, because it’s can easy for human move
and to hold at it. So, it can to evade human from
to decrease.
Design Consideration
It’s design by follow the law’s of building
construction.

Component the stair follow as treads, riser,

platform, and baluster.

Handrails should be oval or around 1 ½ “.

For example :
 Circular stair placed between wall and it supporting at
the inner string.
 Treads should be a minimum 8” at a distance 15”.
 Treads may be steel, cement, wood or others materials.
 Landings and platform supported by beam or cantilever
constructions.
 Case Study
We choose the ‘U’ stair shape.
It’s a 180 degree to turn.
Size of this staircase :
riser = 165mm
treads = 255mm
width = 2300mm x 3200mm
high = 2970mm

Plan view
We have go site, and research
about this stair.
This stair a show room for
proposed the Taman Malakun.
At Penampang, Sabah.
This stair use a finishing timber
or parquet at its floor.
Railing of this stair use a iron,
but it’s a decorative.
Around the staircase also
use a skirting.
Handrail also use a timber.