You are on page 1of 12

.

,
1950,
,

,
, ,
, ,
.
, ,
, ,
,
. ,
,

, , ,
,
.


, , ,
( )
, ,
(

),
. /
.

, ,
, ( ) ,
(
, ).
,
,

2


.
,
, ,
20 -

( , ,
).
(1), 20 ,
:
Sakel, , Cerleti Bini
(1938), E. Moniz,
.

, , ,
.
19
,
,
,
,
( ),

.
, 1 ,
,
,
, , ,

,
,
.
,
.


, ,
, ,
, , ,
,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
.

, ,
,
,
, , ,
,

,
.




(
), ,
, ( ) ,
, .
(, ,
),

( ), ,

.
, ,

.
4

O Franco Basaglia,
, 60
70, , ,
1979, ,

:

,
, ,
.
, ,

,
.
,
. , ,
,
,
. ;
; ,
,
.

.

, .

.
, ,
,
(2).
, , ,
, ,
. ,
, ,

, , ,
, .
,
.
,

. ,
,
(3).
, ,
, / ()
,
-.
,
, 1/3, 1/3,
1/3, : 1/3
, 1/3 1/3
.
/
(, ) (
, ),

.
/

. , ,


.
, ,
, (
), .

,
( , ),
,
.

,
, ,
.
,
,
/ (

), (
) , ,
, .
,
(, ),
,
( , , ,
), ,
(4).
,
,
(
) , ,
, .
, ,

, , ,
( )
( ,
),


(5).

,
, ,

.
, (
)
(, ,
)
(6).

(
)

,
,

, ,
, .
,

(7),
,
( ) (
), , , ,
, (
),

,
(8).
(
) ,
8


, 5mg (9).


,
.

36 .
.
, ,
,

. , ,
.
,
, ,
.


. , ,
, ,
, ,
,
.
, ,
,
, ,
, .
.
,

.
, ,
,
, , ,

, ,
, (10).
,
,
( ,
)
, , ,
.
, ,
( )
- , 70
.
,
, .

, , ,
,
. , ,
. ,
, ,


. , ,
, , /,

,
, ,
( )
.
, ,

.
,
, .
,
10

,
, ,
.


(
),
, ,
.

1.

(
30), ( ), /
(
).

2.

Franco Basaglia : Le Conferenze Brasiliane. Ed


Raffaello Cortina Editore. 2000.

3.

Norman Sartorius : Treatment of Mental Disorders in


the 21st Century, 1992.

4.

Peter Breggin : Brain damage, dementia and persistent


cognitive dysfunction associated with neuroleptic drugs :
evidence, etiology, implications. The Journal of Mind and
Behavior, 1992.

5.

6.

Richard Warner : Recovery from schizophrenia, Ed


Routledge, 1994.
Opp.

11

7.

P.J. Guarnaccia et al.: Si Dios quiere: hispanic families


experience of caring of a seriously mentally ill family
member. In Culture, Medecin and Psychiatry, v 16, 1992.
M. Swerdlow :Chronicity, Nervios andCommunity
Care. A case study of Puerto Rican psychiatric patients, in
New York City, opp.

8.

Delia Castelnuovo Frigessi e Michele Risso : A mezza


parete. Emigrazione, nostalgia, malattia mentale. Einaudi,
Torino, 1992.

9.

R.H, Belmaker and D. Wald : Haloperidol in


Normals. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 131, 1977.

10. Giorgio Bignami : Gli psichofarmaci quarant anni


dopo: lenta agonia di una grande illusione. Venti Anni di
Fogli di Informazione, 1992.

12

You might also like