Rajwant Singh Grewal

Definition :
A sentence is a well arranged group of words which makes complete sense SbdW dw auh ivvsiQq smUh ijs dw swrQk ArQ spSt hovy jW inkly aus nUM vwk (Sentence) ikhw jWdw hY[ Examples : Ram is a good boy Please sit quietly in the class What is your name ? What is the name of the Prime Minister of India ? etc.
Rajwant Singh Grewal

1. Assertive Sentences (swDwrn vwk)

ieh auh swDwrn vwk huMdy hn ijHnW iv`c iksy g`l dw vrxn huMdw hY[Aijhy vwkW dy AMq iv`c Full Stop(.) ligAw huMdw hY Examples

Dr. Manmohan Singh is our Prime Minister. India is my country. My country is not rich (Negative sentence)
Rajwant Singh Grewal

ieh auh vwk hn ijHnW qoN iksy vI iksm dy pRSn dw boD huMdw hY[Aijhy vwkW dy AMq iv`c Sign of Interrogation(?) lgdw hY, Examples

What is your name ? How old are you ? Do you know the way to city ? etc.
Rajwant Singh Grewal

ieh auh vwk hn ijHnW iv``co iksy vI kMm leI AwigAw mMgx, lYx, dyx jW aupdyS jW bynqI dw boD huMdw hovy[Aijhy vwkW iv`c inmrqw Aqy hukm dw boD vI huMdw hY Examples Please remove your shoes May I sit here ? Spread love not hatred. Etc not: ieHnW vwkW dw Subject Awm qOr qy CuipAw jW SpSt hUdw hY ijvyN Come in (You is hidden) Thank you ( I is hidden) Sit down (You is hidden) Rajwant Singh Grewal

ieh auh vwk hn ijHnW dy iv`c ivsmX jW Bwv jW iksy iksm dI ie`Cw dw boD krvwauNdy hn[ iehnW vwkW dy AMq jW ivsmX dy nwl Sign of Excalmation (!) ligAw hUMdw hY

Examples What a beautiful day ! Hurrah ! We have won the match. O GOD Please forgive me !
Rajwant Singh Grewal

ieh auh vwk hn ijHnW iv`c iksy vI iksm dI ie`Cw pRgtwauNx dw boD huMdw hovy[ iehnW vwkW dy vI AMq jW ie`Cw pRgtwaux dy Sbd nwl Sign of Excalmation (!) ligAw huMdw hY Examples May God bless you ! May you live long ! Oh ! I want to be there. Etc

Rajwant Singh Grewal

vwk dy do Bwg huMdy hn : Subject(ivSw jW audyS):

vwk iv`c ijs vI Noun (ivAkqI, jwnvr, vsqU Aqy sQwn) bwry ku`C d`isAw jWdw hY qW auh vwk dw Subject khwauNdw hY
Object or Predicate(ivSw vsqU)

vwk iv`c Subject dy kIqy kMm bwry jo ku`C vI d`isAw jWdw hY aus nUM vwk dw Object jW Predicate ikhMdy hn [ Rajwant Singh Grewal

Rajwant Singh (vwk)

Sentence

Subject (ivSw)
Amarjit
A bird. You. Mr. Surinder

Predicate/Object (ivSw-vsqU)
Lives in Jalandhar
How does fly May live long is my teacher

1. Amarjit lives in Jalandhar.

2. How does a bird fly ? 3. May you live long ! 4. Mr. Surinder is my teacher

Rajwant Singh Grewal

ijhVy vwk iv`c kyvl ie`k Finite verb ( ijs ikRAw dw Awpxw ivSw hovy) hovy aus nUM Simple sentence ikhw jWdw hY[ swDwrn vwk iv`c ie`k Subjecct Aqy ie`k Predicate huMdw hY : Ravi loves his country Raju plays cricket Dog barks ( Loves Finite verb hY[) (Plays Finite verb hY[) (Barks Finite verb hY[)

auprokq vwkW iv`c ie`k subject ( Ravi, Raju and Dog) Aqy ie`k predicate(loves his country, plays cricket and barks) hY [ Rajwant Singh Grewal

Complex sentences nUM jwnx qoN pihlW Clauses (aup vwk) dI jwxkwrI bhuq zrUrI hY ikauNik Clauses dy myl dy nwl hI Complex sentence bxdw hY

Awm qOr qy aup vwk do ih`isAW iv`c hUMdw hY[

1. Principle Clause :

krdw hY[

ieh vwk dw m`uK ih`sw hUMdw hY Aqy ArQ nUM spSt

2. Subordinate Clause : ieh vwk mu`K vwk qy inrBr huMdw hY Aqy ie`klw ArQ

spSt nhIN kr skdw[

Rajwant Singh Grewal

Kinds of Clauses :- Clauses dIAW iksmW nUM smJx leI hyT ilKy vwk nUM vyKoI like him because he is brave.

ies vwk dy do Bwg hn I like him Aqy dUjw Bwg he is brave .

Because rwhIN ies nUM joiVAw igAw hY[ pihly Bwg iv`c vwk dw pUrn ArQ inkldw
hY, ies nUM smJx leI dUsry vwk dI loV nhIN hY[ Aijhw Clause nUM Principal clause (mu`K/pRDwn au`p vwk) ikhw jWdw hY[ dusry Bwg iv`c aus vwk dw pUrn ArQ nhIN inkldw ikauNik auh vwk iksy qy inrBr pRqIq hUMdw hY, Bwv ies vwk nUM pUrn ArQ pRdwn krn vwlw koeI hor vwk hY ijs nwl dUjy Bwg iv`c id`qy vwk dw ArQ spSt huMdw hY[ies iksm dy vwk nUM Subordinate Clause (inrBr jW ADIn au`p vwk) ikhw jWdw hY[ Rajwant Singh Grewal

ijs vwk iv`c ie`k Principal clause (mu`K/pRDwn au`p vwk) Aqy ie`k jW ie`k qoN v`D Subordinate Clause (inrBr jW ADIn au`p vwk) hox, auhnW vwkW nUM Complex Sentence ikhw jWdw hY [ Examples : I know that today is Sunday. I want to know where you live in the city. auprokq vwkW iv`c vwkW dy do Bwg hn iesleI ieh vwk Complex sentence
Rajwant Singh Grewal

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Prepared by: Rajwant Singh Grewal S.S Master ssrajgrewal@gmail.com

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