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The Sentence

An easy bilingual approach




vwk
lU H=| JU





by
Rajwant Singh Grewal
S.S. Master



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The Sentence (vwk)
Definition : A sentence is a well arranged group of words which makes complete sense
H8U U UJ l==Hl3 H J lHH U HJ rJ HH J= H l" U H = (Sentence)
lJ HU J!
Examples :
1. Ram is a good boy
2. Please sit quietly in the class
3. What is your name ?
4. What is the name of the Prime Minister of India ? etc.
Kinds of Sentences :
1. Assertive Sentences (HJ =)
lUJ UJ HJ = JU J lH l=U lH I" U =J JU J!rlHJ = U r3 l=U
Full Stop(.) "lIr JU J Examples
a) Dr. Manmohan Singh is our Prime Minister.
b) India is my country.
c) My country is not rich (Negative sentence) etc

2. Interrogative Sentence (H =U =)
lUJ UJ = J lH 3 lH =| lH U H U 8 JU J!rlHJ = U r3 l=U
Sign of Interrogation(!) "IU J, Examples
a) What is your name ?
b) How old are you ?
c) Do you know the way to city ? etc.


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3. Imperative Sentences (rlIr HU = )
lUJ UJ = J lH l=U lH =| "U| rlIr I, ", U H UUH H 83| U
8 JU J=!rlHJ = l=U lJ3 r3 J U 8 =| J U J Examples
a) Please remove your shoes
b) May I sit here ?
c) Spread love not hatred. Etc
: lU = U Subject r 3J 3 lr H HH JU J lH=
Come in (You is hidden)
Thank you ( I is hidden)
Sit down (You is hidden)
4. Exclamatory Sentences (l=Hl HU =)
lUJ UJ = J lH U l=U l=H H J= H lH lH U| lU U 8 J=UU J!
lUJ = U r3 H l=H U " Sign of Excalmation (!) "lIr JU J, Examples
a) What a beautiful day !
b) Hurrah ! We have won the match.
c) O GOD Please forgive me !
5. Optative Sentences (lU HU =)
lUJ UJ = J lH l=U lH =| lH U| lU IU U 8 JU J=! lUJ =
U =| r3 H lU IU U H8U " Sign of Excalmation (!) "lIr JU J Examples
a) May God bless you !
b) May you live long !
c) Oh ! I want to be there. etc



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Kinds of Sentences :
= U U JI J U J :
1. Subject (l=HU H UUH):
= l=U lHH =| Noun (l=r3|, H=J, =H3 r3 H) 8J UlHr HU J 3
UJ = U Subject JUU J
2. Object or Predicate (l=H =H3)
= l=U Subject U |3 8J H =| UlHr HU J UH = U Object H
Predicate lJU J !
Sentence Subject Predicate/Object
1. Amarjit lives in Jalandhar.

3. How does a bird fly ?

4. May you live long !


5. Mr. Surinder is my teacher.
Amarjit

A bird.

You.

Mr. Surinder
Lives in Jalandhar

How does fly

May live long

is my teacher


SIMPLE SENTENCE

lHJ5 = l=U =" lU Finite verb ( lHH lr U r l=H J=) J= UH Simple
sentence lJ HU J! HJ = l=U lU Subjecct r3 lU Predicate JU J :
1. Ravi loves his country ( Loves Finite verb J!)
2. Raju plays cricket (Plays Finite verb J!)
3. Dog barks (Barks Finite verb J!)
UJ3 = l=U lU subject ( Ravi, Raju and Dog) r3 lU predicate(loves his
country, plays cricket and barks) J !

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COMPLEX SENTENCE

Complex sentences H 3 lJ" Clauses (U =) U| HJ| 8J3 HJ J| J
lUl Clauses U " " J| Complex Sentence 8U J
Clause (U-=) :- H8U U rlHJ HJ clause lJU J lHJU r Subject
r3 r Predicate J= r3 " J| lH = U U JI J=!

Kinds of Clauses :- Clauses U|r lH H "U| J l" = =-
I like him because he is brave.
lUH = U U JI J I like him r3 UH JI he is brave . Because JJ| lUH
H l5r lIr J! lJ" JI l=U = U J rJ l"U J, lUH H "U| UHJ
= U| "5 J| J! rlHJ Clause Principal clause (/ U =) lJ HU J!
UHJ JI l=U UH = U J rJ J| l"U lUl UJ = lH 3 lJJJ 3|3
JU J, J= lUH = J rJ U J =" U| JJ = J lHH " UH JI
l=U lU3 = U rJ HH JU J!lUH lH U = Subordinate Clause (lJJJ
H r| U =) lJ HU J!

J Complex Sentence U| lJJH lUH J J
lHH = l=U lU Principal clause (/ U =) r3 lU H lU 3 =
Subordinate Clause (lJJJ H r| U =) J, UJ = Complex Sentence
lJ HU J !
Examples :
1. I know that today is Sunday.
2. I want to know where you live in the city.
UJ3 = l=U = U U JI J lUH"U| lUJ = Complex sentence J!