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Generator relay protection setting calculation instruction

Instruction: This setting calculation instruction is only for reference, protection device running setting is confirmed by user.

XJ Electricity Co., Ltd 2010.11

Catalog
1. Generator Differential Protection87G .................................................................................3 2. Overall Differential87ALL ...................................................................................................4 3. Generator Inter-turn Fault95G ............................................................................................6 4.Generator Inadvertent Energize protectionStator Earth Fault Protection of startup condition

99V ...........................................................................................................................................7 5. Generator Over-voltage59G ................................................................................................7 6. Reverse Power Protection32G; Low Forward Power Protection37G .........................8 7. Generator Stator Overload49G ............................................................................................9 8. Generator Negative-Sequence Over-current46G ...............................................................10 9. Generator Pole Slipping78G .............................................................................................. 11 10. Generator loss of excitation protection40G .....................................................................13 11. Generator Under & Over Frequency81G.........................................................................14 12. Generator Over Fluxing24G ............................................................................................15 13. Generator Under-voltage27G ..........................................................................................16 14. Stator Earth Fault 100%64G1 .........................................................................................16 15. Stator Earth Fault 100%64G2 .........................................................................................17 16. Stator Earth Fault 95%64G3 ...........................................................................................17 17. Field Winding Earth Fault(64F ........................................................................................18 18. Generator 95% Voltage Check59GB ................................................................................18 19. Back Up Impedance21G...................................................................................................18 20. TV Fuse-failure160G ........................................................................................................19

1. Generator Differential Protection87G


1.1 Basic parameter CT ratio nTA rated primary current 8000/5

I gn1

7060A

rated secondary current 1.2 Setting calculation 1Min operation current I op.0

I gn 2

I gn1 7060 I gn 2 = = = 4.41A nTA 1600

Setting by the max unbalanced current under the condition of avoid the normal generator rated load.

I op.0 = K rel 2 0.03I gn 2 = 1.5 2 0.03I gn 2 = 0.09 I gn 2 Suggest to select I op.0 = 0.2 I gn 2
2Min brake current I res.0

I res.0 = I gn 2
3Ratio brake coefficient S External three-phase short-circuit the maximum short-circuit current:
) I k( 3max = .

Sb 100000 = = 32.69 X 3 13.8 nTA 0.08 3 13.8 1600


,, d

) I res. max = I k( 3max = 32.69 A .

The max unbalanced current of differential protection when the generator is outer short circuit
) I unb. max = K ap K er K cc I k( 3max = 2 0.1 0.5 32.69 = 3.27 A .

Therein ap is the non-periodic branch coefficient select 1.52.0 cc is the K K same type coefficient of transformer select 0.5 K er is the error coefficient of

transformer ratio select 0.1 Put the condition of the differential protection wont error operate under the max outer short circuit currentthe secondary current value I op .max of correspondent max operation current

I op.max = K rel I unb.max = 1.5 3.27 = 4.9 A Therein K rel is the reliable coefficient, select 1.31.5. The ratio brake coefficient S is S= I op.max I op.0 I
(3) max

I res.0

4.9 1.324 = 0.12 32.69 3.53

Suggest to selectS=0.3 4Sensitivity check Sensitivity check principle : Generator terminal side of two-phase metallic short-circuit occurs when generator is parallel off:
I k . min = 0.866 S b 0.866 100000 = = 28.3 A X 3 13.8 nTA 0.08 3 13.8 1600
,, d

I res =

I k . min = 14.15 A 2

I op = I op.0 + S ( I res I res.0 ) = 1.324 + 0.3 (14.15 3.53) = 4.51A


K sen = I k . min 28.3 = = 6.27 > 2 I op 4.51

5Output model : Trip All CBs

2. Overall Differential87ALL
2. 1 Basic parameter Name Rated VoltagekV Rated CurrentA CT ratio Second side CurrentA 2.2 Setting Calculation 1Min operation current M.T. HV Side 230 452.4 1000/1 0.45 Generator terminal 13.8 7539.6 8000/5 4.71 A.T. HV Side 13.8 7539.6 8000/5 4.71

I op .0

Setting by the max unbalanced current under the condition of avoid the normal main transformer rated load.

I op.0 = K rel (f i ( n ) + U + m)I b = 1.5 (0.06 + 0.05 + 0.05) I b = 0.24 I b


Suggest to select I op .0 = 0.5 I b b Therein

I b is the value of rated current of transformer norm side converted to the TA

secondary side. K rel is the reliable coefficient K rel = 1.3 ~ 1.5 f i( n )


is the transformer ratio error of the current transformer under rated current.

U is the error caused due to the regulation of transformer tapping (relative to the
percent of the rated voltage). TAA,

m takes 0.05 in general.


I res.0

m is the error caused due to the incomplete matching of transformer ratios of TA and

2Min brake current

Suggest to select I res .0 = I b


3Ratio brake coefficient S The calculation of three-phase main transformer high-voltage busbar metallic short-circuit occurs current when generator is parallel off:
) I k( 3max = .

Sb 1 1 100000 = = 1.674 A X + XT 3 230 nTA 0.08 + 0.07 3 230 1000


,, d

External three-phase short-circuit the maximum short-circuit current:

I unb . max = ( K st K aper f i + U + m ) I (3)max k.

= (1 1 . 5 0 . 1 + 0 . 05 + 0 . 05 ) 1 . 674 = 0 . 4185 A

K st is the same type coefficient of TA K st = 1.0

K aper
or

is non-periodic coefficient of TA TP type TA

K aper = 1.5 ~ 2.0

5P or 10P type TA

K aper = 1.0

Setting of ratio braking coefficient S

S=

K rel I unb.max - I op.0 I res.max - I res.0

1.5 0.4185 0.225 = 0.31 1.674 0.36

Suggest to select: S = 0.4 4Sensitivity check

Sensitivity check principle : Main transformer high-voltage side of two-phase metallic short-circuit occurs when generator is parallel off:
I k . min =
0.866 S b 0.866 100000 = = 1.45 A ( X + X T ) 3 230 nTA (0.08 + 0.07) 3 230 1000
,, d

I res. min = I k . min = 1.45 A I op = I op.0 + S ( I res I res.0 ) = 0.225 + 0.4 (1.45 0.36) = 0.661A
K sen = I k . min 1.45 = = 2.19 > 1.5 0.661 I op

5Setting of second harmonic braking coefficient


Suggest to select: 15%

6Difference current quick brake


Select: I op = 5 I b 7Difference current quick brake sensitivity check

Sensitivity check principle : Main transformer low-voltage side of two-phase metallic short-circuit occurs:
Ik =
0.866 S b 0.866 100000 = = 5.08 A X //( X S + X T ) 3 230 nTA 0.08 //(0.022 + 0.07) 3 230 1000
,, d

K sen =

Ik 5.08 = = 2.26 > 1.2 I op 2.25

8Output model: Trip all CBs

3. Generator Inter-turn Fault95G


3.1 Basic parameter Rated secondary current I gn 2

I gn 2 =

I gn1 nTA

7060 = 4.41A 1600 0.1 0.1 3 3

PT ratio nTV 3.2 Setting Calculation 1Zero-sequence Voltage

13.8 3

Setting by the max unbalanced zero-sequence voltage under the condition of avoid the normal generator rated load. U op = 2V
2) Fault branch negative-sequence direction elements

i = 3% I gn 2 = 3% 4.41 = 0.13 A
u = 1%U gn 2 = 1% 110 / 3 = 0.63V

p =

0.1% Pgn nTV nTA

= 0.1% 3 I gn 2 U gn 2 = 0.1% 3 4.41 100 = 0.76VA

3) Time delay t = 0.1s 4Output model: Trip All CBs

4.Generator Inadvertent Energize protectionStator Earth Fault Protection of startup condition99V


4.1 Basic parameter Rated secondary current I gn 2 Rated secondary voltage U gn 2 4.2 Setting calculation 1Low impedance element setting

4.41A 110V

Z set =

0.8U gn 2 3 0.3I gn 2

0.8 110 3 0.3 4.41

= 38.4( )

Rset = 0.85Z set = 0.85 38.4 = 32.6( )


2Over current element setting

I op = 0.3I gn 2 = 0.3 4.41 = 1.32( A )


3Stator Earth Fault Protection of startup condition operation voltage

U op = 10V
Time delay t = 2 s 4Output model Generator Inadvertent Energize protection: Trip 220kV CB & excitation CB Stator Earth Fault Protection of startup condition: Trip excitation CBs

5. Generator Over-voltage59G
5.1 Basic parameter Rated secondary voltage U gn 2 5.2 Setting Calculation 1Operation voltage I: II: III:

110V

U op = 1.05U gn 2 = 1.05 110 = 115 .5V U op = 1.1U gn 2 = 1.1 110 = 121V U op = 1.2U gn 2 = 1.2 110 = 132V

2Time delay Select

t = 30 s I: II: t = 10 s III: t = 0.5s 3Output model: Trip all CBs

6. Reverse Power Protection32G; Low Forward Power Protection37G


6.1 Basic parameter Generator rated power Pn Generator rated secondary power Pn 2 6.2 Setting Calculation 1Min operation power

135WM 672.6W

Pop = K rel P1 + P2 ) = 0.5 (3% + 1 98 .6%) 672 .6 = 14 .8W


Suggest to select Pop = 10W Therein K rel is the reliable coefficientselect 0.5~0.8

P1 is the min loss when steam turbine is in reverse power operationgenerally

select 2~4 of the rated power


P2 is the min loss when steam turbine is in reverse power operationgenerally select

(1 - )P gn Pgn is the rated capacity of generator.


2Time delay Reverse Power Protection32G t1 = 5s (32G )

t 2 = 60s(32G )
Low Forward Power Protection37G

t = 1s (37G )
3Output model Reverse Power Protection32G: Time delay t1 : Alarm Time delay t 2 : Trip All CBs Low Forward Power Protection37G: Trip All CBs

7. Generator Stator Overload49G


7.1 Basic parameter Rated secondary current I gn 2

4.41A

allowed heat time constant of stator winding K


7.2 Setting calculation 1Time specified overload

37.5

Stator winding time specified over-load can be set by the condition of the long term allowed loading current can reliable return.

I op =

K rel 1.05 I gn 2 = 4.41 = 5.14 A Kr 0.9


K rel is the reliable coefficient select 1.05

Therein

Kr is the return coefficient select 0.9 Time specified overload time delay: t = 9 s
2Reverse time specified overload

Reverse time specified over-current can be set by the over-load ability allowed by stator windingit should be determined by the over-load ability allowed by the stator winding of the motor manufacturer. The relation of allowed duration time is :
t= K I (1+ )
2 *

it ThereinK is the allowed heat time constant of stator winding should be based on the parameter provided by the motor manufacturer

I * is the per-unit value based on stator rated current is the heat radiation constant and related to the stator winding temperature
rising and temperature margingenerally select 0.01~0.02.
3Reverse time specified startup current

Reverse time specified startup current I op . min should be set by the condition of matched with time specified over-load protection

I op . min = K C 0I op = 1.05 5.14 = 5.4 A


Therein

I op

is the set value of time specified startup current K C 0 is the matching

coefficientselect 1.05
Reverse time specified delay lower limit: t min = 120 s Reverse time specified delay upper limit current

I op . max

can be set by the condition of

three phase metal short circuit at generator side

I op. max =
t max =

Ign 2 4.41 = = 32.7 A " X d 0.135


2 op . max*

K 37.5 = 0.7 s = 2 (1 + ) 55.1 (1 + 0.01) 4.41

4Output model Time specified overload: Alarm Reverse time specified overload: Programming Trip

8. Generator Negative-Sequence Over-current46G


8.1 Basic parameter Rated secondary current I gn 2

4.41A

The per-unit value of generator long term allowed negative-sequence current I 2 time constant of withstanding negative-sequence current ability of rotor surfaceA
8.2 Setting calculation 1Time specified overload

0.08 P.U .

10

The negative-sequence time specified over-load should be set on the condition of under the generator long term allowed negative-sequence current I 2 can reliable return

I op = K rel
Therein

I 2 Ign 2
Kr

= 1.05

0.08 4.41 = 0.39 A 0.95

K rel is the reliable coefficient select 1.05 K r is the return coefficient

select 0.850.95

I 2 is the per-unit value of generator long term allowed negative-sequence current


Time specified overload time delay: t = 5s 2Reverse time specified overload

The reverse time specified negative-sequence over-load was confirmed by the allowed negative-sequence over-current ability of the generator rotor surface. The relation mode between the generator short time withstanding negative-sequence over-current multiple and allowed duration time is

t=

2 I 2*

A 2 I 2

Thereinis the per-unit


I 2

value of generator negative-sequence current

is the per-unit value of generator long term allowed negative-sequence

current A is the time constant of withstanding negative-sequence current ability of rotor surface
Reverse time specified startup current

The reverse time specified startup current I op . min generally be set by the operation current in correspondent with specified delay lower limit delay1000s set value of reverse time

I op . min = I gn 2

A 10 2 + I 2 = 4.41 + 0.08 2 = 0.56 A 1000 1000

Reverse time specified delay upper limit current I op . max should be set by the condition of main transformer HV side two phase metal short circuit

I op. max =
t min =
2 2*

Ign 2 4.41 = = 8.38 A X + X G 2 + 2 X t 0.135 + 0.141 + 2 0.125


" d

A 10 = = 2.76s 2 I I 2 8.38 2 2 0.08 4.41

3Output model Time specified overload: Alarm Reverse time specified overload: Programming Trip

9. Generator Pole Slipping78G


9.1 Basic parameter Generator neutral CT ratio 8000/5=1600 Generator terminal CT ratio 13.8/0.11=125.4 9.2 Setting calculation 1 Reduced generator transformer system reactance etc. to the named unit (ohm)value with the generator side voltage is 13.8kV. Generator X d = 0.237
'

13800 = 0.267( ) 3 7060


U gn Sn
2

Main transformer X t = X k

13.8 2 = 0.125 = 0.132( ) 180

System X s =

(220 13.8)2

7.8

= 0.031( )

X st setting of system relation impedance X st = X t + X s = 0.132 + 0.031 = 0.163( )


2Reduce X d X t & X st to the secondary side value of generator side TVTA.
'

Xd

'

= Xd

'

nTA 1600 = 0.267 = 3 .4 ( ) 125.4 nTV

Xt2 = Xt

nTA 1600 = 0.132 = 1.68() 125.4 nTV nTA 1600 = 0.163 = 2.08() 125.4 nTV
0

X st 2 = X st

3Setting lens principal axis obliquity Select system impedance angle : z = 85 4Setting of operation power angle set

R1. min =

0.9U n 0.9 13800 COS = 0.8 = 0.71() 3 1.15I n 3 1.15 7060

1.54 RL. min 1.54 0.71 = 180 2arctg = 180 0 2arctg = 180 0 2 68.50 = 430 set X st + X d 0.163 + 0.267 Suggest to select set = 120 0
5Tripping blocking current setting This protection use generator neutral CT, CT ratio is 8000/5Main transformer high side circuit breaker rated breaking current is 40kA

I set = 0.5

40000 230 = 208A 1600 13.8

Suggest to select I set = 180 A


6Slipper times setting Outer zoneSlipper times setting:N =4 Inner zone, Slipper times setting:N =1#1Generator 2#2 Generator 3#3 Generator 4#4 Generator 7Reactance line position Z C

Z C = 0.9 X t 2 = 0.9 1.53 = 1.377()


8Startup current

I st = 1.2 I n 2 = 1.2 4.41 = 5.3( A)


9Time delay Outer zone :0.5s Inner zone :0.1s 10Output model Outer zone :Alarm Inner zone :Trip all CBs

10. Generator loss of excitation protection40G


10.1 Basic parameter Generator neutral CT ratio 8000/5=1600 Generator terminal CT ratio 13.8/0.11=125.4 10.2 Setting calculation Reduced generator transformer system reactance etc. to the named unit (ohm)value with the generator side voltage is 13.8kV. Generator X d = 2.065

13800 = 2.33( ) 3 7060

X d = 0.237

'

13800 = 0.267( ) 3 7060


U gn Sn
2

Main transformer X t = X k

= 0.125

13.8 2 = 0.132( ) 180

System X s =

7.8 = 0.031( ) (220 13.8)2

X st setting of system relation impedance X st = X t + X s = 0.132 + 0.031 = 0.163( )


As X d = X q Salient pole power equal 0W 1Set of static and stable boundary impedance

Z 1B = X d

nTA 1600 = 2.33 = 29.7( ) 125 .4 nTV nTA 1600 = 0.163 = 2.1( ) 125 .4 nTV

Z 1 A = X st

2Set of stable asynchronous impedance

Z 2B = X d

nTA 1600 = 2.33 = 29.7() 125.4 nTV

Z 2 A = 0.5 X ' d

nTA 1600 = 0.5 0.267 = 1.7 ( ) 125.4 nTV

3Set of generator terminal low voltage

U st = 0.8U n 2 = 0.8 110 = 88(V )


4Time delay Select t1=1.5S t2=1.5S t3=3S 5Output model loss of excitation zone 1: Alarm loss of excitation zone 2: Trip all CBs loss of excitation zone 3: exit

11. Generator Under & Over Frequency81G


11.1 Basic parameter

Generator under & over frequency capability tables provided by the equipment manufacturing factor:
Allow run-time FrequencyHz accumulated time (min) Each time(s) 30 180 Allow run-time FrequencyHz accumulated time (min) Each time(s) 60 20

51.0 < F 51.5 50.5 < F 51

30 180

47.5 < F 48 47 < F 47.5

60 10

48.5 < F 50.5 48 < F 48.5

Run Continuously 300 300

46.5 < F 47

11.2 Setting calculation 1Under frequency zone I under-frequency zone I frequency setting f1.set = 48.5 Hz under-frequency zone I accumulated time t1.set = 18000s under-frequency zone I time delay t1.set = 300 s 2Under frequency zone II under-frequency zone II frequency setting f 2.set = 48 Hz under-frequency zone II accumulated time t 2.set = 3600s

under-frequency zone II time delay t 2.set = 60 s 3Under frequency zone III under-frequency zone III frequency setting f 3.set = 47.5 Hz under-frequency zone III accumulated time t 3.set = 600 s under-frequency zone III time delay t 3.set = 20 s 4Under frequency zone IV under-frequency zone IV frequency setting f 4.set = 47 Hz under-frequency zone IV time delay t 4.set = 20 s 5Over-frequency over-frequency setting f set = 51Hz over-frequency time delay t set = 30 s 6Generator terminal low voltage setting U set = 0.8U n = 88V 7Output model: Programming Trip

12. Generator Over Fluxing24G


12.1 Basic parameter

Generator over excitation capability tables provided by the equipment manufacturing factor:
Stator voltage/Frequency Time(sec) 1.25 5 1.19 7.5 1.15 10 1.12 15 1.10 20 1.09 30 1.08 45 1.07 60 1.05

12.2 Setting calculation 1Time specified over fluxing Over fluxing times: N 0 = 1.06 , time delay: t 0 = 5s Select rated voltage as reference voltage 110V 2Reverse time specified over fluxing Over fluxing times: N1 = 1.07 time delay: t1 = 60 s Over fluxing times: N 2 = 1.08 time delay: t 2 = 45s Over fluxing times: N 3 = 1.09 time delay: t 3 = 30s Over fluxing times: N 4 = 1.10 time delay: t 4 = 20 s

Over fluxing times: N 5 = 1.12 time delay: t 5 = 15s Over fluxing times: N 6 = 1.15 time delay: t 6 = 10 s Over fluxing times: N 7 = 1.19 time delay: t 7 = 7.5s Over fluxing times: N 8 = 1.25 time delay: t8 = 5s 3Output model: Trip all CBs

13. Generator Under-voltage27G


13.1 Basic parameter Generator terminal PT ratio 13.2 Setting calculation

13.8 3

0.11 0.11 3 3

U set = 0.6U n = 66V


Time delay: 0.5s 13.3 Output model: Alarm

14. Stator Earth Fault 100%64G1


14.1 Basic parameter Neutral earthing transformer ratio Neutral earthing transformer secondary resistance ( Rn )

13.8 / 0.3kV 1.3 2750.8 100 / 1

Neutral earthing transformer primary resistance ( RN ) Neutral earthing transformer secondary CT ratio( nTA 0 ) Generator 3 relative capacitance ( 3C0 ) Generator capacitive reactance ( X C 0 ) 14.2 Setting calculation 1) earthing resistance

1.392F
6860

The setting of earthing resistance low set value should be set by the principle of one point earthing in the distance within 20% of generator neutral, the earthing fault point current 3I0 safe earthing current Is(1A). Means 3I 0 = 0.2 3U gn 3 3Rg + 3RN //( jX C 0 )
IS

0.2 3U gn

3Rg .set + 3RN //( jX C 0 )

= IS

0.2 3 13800 3 =1 3Rg .set + 3 2750.8 //( j 6860)

R g .set = 5.2k
Suggest to select Earthing resistance high value: Rhg .set = 10k Earthing resistance low value: Rlg .set = 5k Time delay: high value time delay:3s low value time delay:0.5s

I 50.set =

U 2n
Rn K I nTA 0

0.2 300 = 0 .5 A 1.3 1.1 100

Therein can generally be selected as 20 K I is the reliable coefficient generally select 1.1.
2) Output model high value : Alarm low value : Trip all CBs

15. Stator Earth Fault 100%64G2


15.1Basic parameter Generator terminal PT ratio

13.8 3

0.1 0.1 3 3

Generator neutral PT ratio

13.8 0.1 3

15.2 Setting calculation Setting value by the protection device according to measured data Time delay : 5s 15.3 Output model: Alarm

16. Stator Earth Fault 95%64G3


16.1 Setting calculation

The fundamental wave zero-sequence voltage has two sections protection including high value and low set value. Principle ,the low setting value zero-sequence voltage should be set by the max

unbalance fundamental wave zero-sequence voltage of neutral single phase voltage transformer when normal operation or three phase voltage transformer open triangle winding at generator side. The setting value applied in the project should avoid the max zero-sequence unbalance voltage that transmitted to the generator side when system HV side and plant transformer LV side earthing short circuit. The setting of high set value zero-sequence voltage is 2030V.
According to the Suggest to select: U op. H = 20V high value U op.l = 10V low value

measured maximum value of zero sequence voltage imbalance adjustment


Time delay: High value: 0.1s Low value: 0.3s 16.2 Output model High value: Trip all CBs Low value: Trip all CBs

17. Field Winding Earth Fault(64F


Non-electricaltime delay is setting by the owner

18. Generator 95% Voltage Check59GB


18.1 Basic parameter rated secondary voltage U gn 2 18.2 Setting Calculation 1Operation voltage

110V

U op = 0.95U gn 2 = 0.95 110 = 104V


2output model: Alarm

19. Back Up Impedance21G


Based on actual engineering experience, this protection is valueless ,we suggest dont use it. 19.1 Basic parameter Generator neutral CT ratio 8000/5=1600 Generator terminal CT ratio 13.8/0.11=125.4 19.2 Setting calculation 1Reduced generatortransformer to the named unit (ohm)value with the generator side voltage is 13.8kV. Generator X d = 0.221
'

13800 3 7060
U gn Sn
2

= 0.25( )

Main transformer X t = X k
'

13.8 2 = 0.125 = 0.132( ) 180

2Reduce X d X t to the secondary side value of generator side TVTA.

Xd

'

= Xd

'

nTA 1600 = 0.25 = 3.19() 125.4 nTV

Xt2 = Xt
3

nTA 1600 = 0.132 = 1.68() 125.4 nTV


'

Rset1 = X d 2 1.2 = 3.83()

Rset 2 = X t 2 1.2 = 2.01()


20. TV Fuse-failure160G
21.1 Basic Parameter rated secondary current I gn 2 21.2 Setting Calculation Blocking current I set = 1.2 I gn 2 = 1.2 4.41 = 5.3( A)

4.41A

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