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- n- n-nXz-n-sX-s A-dn-bs
- -Sm- H-cp I-jW
- a
- m-Wv.18 t\m-he
sd B-c
- X
- n- `q-I
- a
- m-]n-\n-bn-se tc-JI
- -t]m-se D-b-p-s]mn-sm-n-cpm A-Xn-s a-X
- o{h-X Xm-m-\m-hm-sX t\mh s]m-n-s-dn-pw. a-p kz-c
- s
- f-bpw I-YI
- s
- f-bpw hn-gp-p G-Ik
- z-c
- n-s B s]mi-w Nm-cw am{Xw A-ht- i-jn-np-sa-v `q-I
-
- f
- p-sS \mSm-b Nn-enbn P-\n- F-\n-d
- n-bmw.
\m-sa-gp-Xp- G-Xp-IY
- bpw B-I
- Y
- s
- b-t- ]m-se hm-b\
- b
- p-sS
I-Yb
- p-amWv; a-p-h
- c
- p-sS I-YI. \-p-sSbpw A-]c
- s
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- c
- Iw.
B-ib
-
- fpw am-
- n-s hm-KvZ- m\-fpw F-cn-p Xo-{h-amtI-n-bn-cp- H-cp km-ln-Xy-kw-hm-Zn C-s\ tI-pp;
""R-f
- p-sS I-YI
- s
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- n-\p-]I-cw s_m-fm-t\mbp-sS ]p-kvXI
- w hm-bn-p-Ibpw A-Xn-s\-n \n-cq]-Ww F-gp-XpIbpw sN-p-Ib
- m-Wv. s_m-fm-t\m-bs
- n G-sX-nepw H-cm.
F-Ivk
- v Hm ssh. G-sX-nepw H-cp s]m-''. B s]m- Rm-\mb-Xp-sIm-v Cu In F-s hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-t-n-hc
- pp. "ss_
ss\-v C Nn-en'bp-sS {]m-cw-`h
- m-Iy- Cu k--`
- n-\p-th7

n hy-Xy-kvX
- a
- m-sbm-cp A-n A-ev]
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- am-p- am-n D-c
- ns:
""Rm a-cn-p-Ig
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- mhm Rm io-en-n-pv.
\n-
- \pw hn-{im-\
- p-ambn. ]-t A-{]-Xo-n-Xa
- m-bn A-h s]mn-s-dn-p t]m-Ipp. Rm k-am-[m-\
- n-em-bn-cpp. C-\n Rm
k-am-[m-\
- ne. hy-a
- m-t-X
- m-bn G-Xm\pw Nn-e h-kvX
- pXI Iq-Sn-bpv. A-Xn-\m, H-cp ssI-ap-n Du-n-\n-p-sIm-v
Rm-s\-s Ip-eo-\hpw {]-I
- n-Xh
- pam-b in-c
- p- bn, F-s \oXo-Ic
- nm I-gn-bp- {]-hr-n-Ifn F-n-t-cp-X
- n-\v Hm-aI-fn-eq-sS Np-n-bS- n-pw. F-s t]-cv I-f
- s
- -Spnb B s]-cp-ag
- bp-sS cm-{Xnbn D-W
- n-hc
-
- bp-hm-hv ]-d
p-]c
- n-b Zp-jv{- ]Nm-cW- hym-Pa
- m-sW-p Rm sX-fn-bn-pw. A-Yhm, A-h
D-t-in-X
- p-t]mse. Rm F-tmgpw ]-db
- m-dp-X
- p-t]mse, H-cph D-c
- h
- m-Zn-a
- p-h
- \
- m-bn-cn-Ww. kz-w {]-hr-n-If
- p-sS
D-c
- h
- m-Zn-w G-s-Sp-m-\p- [m-an-Iam-b Npa-Xe
- H-cp-h\
- pm-bn-cn-Ww, AXn Ah-s hm-p-Ifpw au-\
- fpw D-sSpp, AsX, H-cm-fp-sS \n-
- X
- I. F-p-sIm-s-m, \n-X kz-Kt- m-fw D-bc
- p-X
- mWv, ssZ-hw A-Xp tI-p-p-apv,
am-{X-a ssZ-h
- n-\p am-{X-ta A-Xp a-\
- n-em-m\pw hn-eb
- n-cpm\pw I-gnbq. A-Xn\m H-cp-h kz-w au-\s
- -p-dn-v Iq-SpX {i-m-ep-hm-IWw. Fm-c
-
- nepw D-c
- h
- m-Zn-a
- p-h
- \
- mWv Rm. F-s au\- ]-cn-ip-
- f
- mWv. A-Xv hy-a
- mm
A-\p-hZ- n-p-I.
F-s t]-cv tdm-s_tm s-_m-fm-t\m.
Rm Nn-en-m-c\
- mWv. km-n-bm-tKmbn 1953 G-{]n 28\v
P-\np. F-s A- tem-dn ss{U-hdpw t_m-Ivk
- d
- p-am-bn-cpp,
A- A-[ym-]n-Ib
- pw. Zq-c
- mgvN
- Ip-d sa-en- Ip-n-bm-bn-cp Rm ]p-kvX
- I
-
- fn A-`b
- w-tXSn. Un-kvs
- e-Ivkn-b Imc-Ww
8

]-n-q-Sn Rm-s\m-cp tam-iw Ip-n-bm-bn-cp-p. Ip-n-m-e

- pX-s F-s Ip-Spw-_w Nn-ebn \n-v sa-Iv-kn-tm-bn-te-p
\on. ]-Xn-\mdmw h-bn kvI
- q-hn-Zym-`ym-ka
- p-t]-n- Rm
]-e sXm-gn-ep-I sN-bvXp. ]-{X-{]-h-I
- \pw C-SX
- p-]
k-lbm-{Xn-I\
- p-ambn. B A-\p-`h
-
- f
- p-sS Om-bm-c
- W- F-s
t\m-he
- p-If
- n-epv. 1973 Hm-Kn Rm hn-h
-
- n-\p i-n-]Icm P-\
- mSm-b Nn-en-bn-te-p a-Sn. A-hn-sS I-ayq-Wnm-b
km-ht- Zm A-bs
- {]-kn-Um-bn-g
- n-n-cpp. {]-Xo-b
- p-sS
h-j
- f
- m-bn-cp-p AXv. Fm P-\m-[n-]X
- y-n-s i-{Xp-
A-Wn-bd
- bn H-cp-p-p-m-bn-cpp. B h-j
- n-s H-Sphn
P\-d ]n-t\m-sj-bp-sS ]-m-fw A-bs
- -sb A-n-ad
- np. A-t-lw
a-cnp. A-Xn-s B-Lm-Xa
- m-Wv ]m-tm s\-dq-Xb
- p-sS a-cW
- hpw
th-K
- n-em-n-bXv. hn-h
-
- n-s H-w-\n- Rm\pw P-bn-en-embn.
`mKyw ]-gs
- bm-cp k-l]
- mTn-bp-sS cq-]
- n-em-Wp-h
- Xv. t]m-eo-kpIm-c\m-b A-h F-s P-bn-tam-N-\-n-\p k-lm-bnp. Csn Im-Wm-Xm-hp-It- bm, sIm-s-Sp-Itbm sNbvX
- A-t\-Imbn-cw Nn-en- b
-
- mcn H-cm-fm-hp-am-bn-cp-p Rm-\pw. 1974 P-\p-hc
- nbn
Rm sa-Ivk
- n-tm-bn-te-p a-S
- n.21
{^m-knepw D-c
- m-{^n-b
- nepw A-e
p-Xn-cn-t- i-jw aqp-h-jw I-gn-v Rm kvs
- ]-bn\n _m-gvk
- t- em-Wb
- v
- S- p-v
a-[y-[c
- W
- ym-gn-Xo-cs
- H-cp sN-dp-]- W
- n th-cp-d
- np. ap-ncn-]d
- n-p-h
- \pw cm-{Xn-Im-h-m-c\pw Nmb-S- th-e
- m-c\pw Xpd-ap-J
- W
- n-m-c\
- p-sam-s-bm-bn tPm-en sN-bvXp. a-b
- p-ac
- ppw
A-cm-PI
- P
- o-hn-Xhpw F-s B-tcmKyw X-Ip. F-nepw H-cp ey-ap-m-bn-cp-p F-\nv, am-Pn- dn-be
- n-k
- n-\
- p-da
- p- ]pXnb em-n-\-ta-cn- km-ln-Xy-s tem-I-n-\p-apn k-an. s\-dq-Xbpw am-tkpw am-{X-a em-n-\t- a-cn- km-lnXy-sav, lq-entbm tIm-k
- dpw t_m-lkpw \n-t- \m ]mdbpw A-hn-sS-bp-sv, A-h-smw-ti-jw h-cp- R, Fs X-eap-d, hy-Xy-kvX
- a
- m-bn F-gp-Xp-Ib
- m-sW-v tem-Is
- A-dn9

bn.
I-hn-bm-Im-\m-Wv Rm B-{K-ln-Xv. I-hn-Xb
- n-em-Wp Xp-S
- nb-Xpw. {^-v I-hnX-I Rm kv]
- m-\n-jn-te-p ]-cn-`m-js
- -Spn.
sa-Ivk
- n-tm-kn-n-bn-se Po-hn-Xw I-hn-Xb
- n-se km-lk
- n-IP
- o-hn-Xam-bn-cp-p F-\nv. ]pXn-b Ihn-X kr-nm R- tam-lnp.
I-hn-I am-{X-a Nn-{X-Im-c
- mcpw Du-cp-Np-n-If
- p-sam-ap-m-bn-cpp Iq-
- n. R- kz-bw C-{^m-dn-be
- n-p-I F-p-hn-fnp.
sa-Ivk
- n-tm-bp-sS Zm-Zm-bn-ka
- m-bn-cp-p AXv. i-cnpw R- cp-t]-tc B {]-m-\n Aw-K--fm-bn D-m-bn-cp-pq,
Rm\pw a-dntbm km-n-bm-tKm-bpw. 1977 R- bq-tdm-n-tep \on. H-cn- {^m-kn-se tdm-kn-temWn t]m-v shtU-gvk
- v sd-bn-th t-j\
- n-hv, H-t-sd s]m-fn- km-lknI]-cn-]m-Sn-I-p-ti-jw C-{^m-dn-be
- n-kw A-hk
- m-\n-nm R22
Xo-cp-am-\n-p. ]n-o-Sm-Wv sN-dp-IY
- b
- n-tepw t\m-he
- n-tepw
Rm h-gn-Xn-cn-Xv.
Fs km-th-Pv Un-I
- vS- o-hvk
- v (1998) F- t\m-hen B I-hnX-m-ew \n--p ImWmw (hm-bn-h
- pw hm-bnm Ip-g
- an-s-p I-cp-Xp-h
- -pw). sXm-q-dp-If
- m-bn-cp-p F-s F-gp-ns Xo-{h-h-j
-
- . A-n-]h-Xw s]m-n-sbm-gp-Ipw-t]m-se Rm
F-gpXm Xp-S
- n. ac-Ww k-ao-]n-p-p-sh-d- n-t- m-gm-Wv Rm
F-s G-hpw {]-Xo-m-`c
- n-Xam-b t\m-he
- n-te-v 2666 Xn-cnXv. `q-an-bns-e F-s A-h-km-\-s km-b--\--fn23em-Wv
Rm 2666 F-gp-Xn-o-Xv. km-ln-Xyhpw tcm-Khpw X-n-ep-
a-c
-
- n, B k-e
- \
- {- In-bbn tcm-Kw P-bnp.24 B t\m-he
- ns ap-{Zn-Xc
- q-]w Im-Wpw-ap-t Rm a-cn-p.
em-n-\t- a-cn-sb H-cp am-{n-I
-
- m-Sn-bn-se {`-at- em-Ia
- m-bn
A-h-X-cn-n-m\, A-Xn-\n-p ]p-d-p-I-S-m-\m-bn-cp-p Fgpn F-s {i-aw. \m-tSm-Sn-bm-bn Po-hn- Rm F-gpn H-cp
kmw-kvI
- m-cn-I\
- m-tSm-Sn-bp-am-bn-cpp. em-n-\t- a-cn- am-{Xa, ]-e
10

\m-Sp-Ifpw \-Kc
-
- fpw F-s t\m-he
- p-If
- nepw I-YI
- f
- nepw \n-p Im-Wmw. F-\n-p {]n-bs
- - F-gp-pIm em-n-\t- a-cn-m
am-{X-am-bn-cp-n. \n-f
- p-sS N-bn \n-cq-]I
- m hn-tZ-is
-
F-gp-p-Im-sc hm-sX hm-bn-p-Ibpw A-hs
- c-n F-gp-Xp-Ibpw
sN-p-p-sh- ]-cm-Xn D-bc
- p-tm hm-b\
- b
- n-se tZ-io-bX
- m-hm-Zn-s hn-jk
- kyw th-cp-If
- m-gv
- n-S- c
- p-X
- m-bn F-\n-p tXmp-p. "kz-w cm-Py-p-m-bX
- p-am{Xw hm-bn-p- \m-jW
- e
- nv tam--am-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-n Rm.'25
I-Yb
- p-sS hm-b\
- F-hn-sS \n-ev
- p-p F- \n-f
- p-sS N-
X-s
- f-p-dn-p \nc-q]I ]-db
- m-X
- n-\m-ep- tZ-io-bX
- m-hm-Zw
am-{Xa, Nn-e k--`
- fn B-ib-Im-ep-jy-hpw bm-Ym-n-Xn-IXzhpw \m-Syhpw Im-]S- yhpw hn-eI
- p-d
X-am-iI
- fpw hm-Nm-tSm]hpw s]m-bm-b A-l
- I
- f
- p-am-bn X-cw-Xm-Wp kz-bw \
-
- a
- mIp-Xv tJ-ZI
- c
- a
- m-bn-cpp. Cu ta-ib
- v
- p Np-p- a
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Xo-cp-am-\n-m-sa- em-Lh
- n C-s
- \-sbm-s-bm-Wv Nn-e A`n-{]mb- tI-Xv: C-tm \- Cu kw-km-cn-
- p-Xv hm-b\m F- B-q-s
- -p-dn-mWv. A-Xn Rm hn-iz-knp-n. ]-
- p-hn-fb
- p-sS I-Y \n- cm-{Xn hm-bnm c-mh
- nse \n--p a-e_-w h-cpw. s]m-Xp-th A-\m-tcm-Ky-hX
- n-Ifmb kv{- Xo-If
- m-Wv sk-Ivk
- n-s\-p-dn-v Iq-Sp-Xe
- m-bn F-gp-Xp-X
- v.
]-et- mgpw A-\m-tcm-Ky-ap- B-Wp-f
- m-Wv sk-Ivk
- n-s\-
- nbpw
F-gp-Xn-bn-p-X
- v.29 I-Ys
- b-p-dn-v \- Ip-dt- ]-d
n-p-q At? I-Ym-`m-hp-IX
- z-s-p-dn-p-, hm-b\
-
- m-sc-p-dn-p- Hcp km-ln- X
- y-N- C-s
- \-bm-bn-o-cp-tm bp-ht- \m-he
- n-p-ItfmSpw I-Ym-Ir-p-t- fmSpw F-m-Wp Rm ]-db
- p-I. H-cp I-hnX-bn-se h-cn-I Hm-a h-cpp:
Cu ta-ib
- v
- p Np-p-an-cpp
Im-cy- Xo-cp-am-\n-m-sa-h ]-db
- pp.
A-h F-s h-kp-c
- s
- b shdpw ]-Sa
- m-n amn
11

ta-i
- pd-p \n-h-n-bn-n-cn-p-p.
A-h Cu ln-cW
- y-K`-sb s]m-bm-b tKm-fa
- mn
H-cp ssI-n-Sn-bn-sem-Xp-n-bp-d
- np ta-ita h-n-cn-pp.
s]-kn-]p-n-Ifpw A-n-ap-\I
- fpw
Im-as
- h-dn-Ifpw A-hs
- f A-hi
- b
- m-n-bn-cn-pp.
A-hb
- h
-
- f
- p-sS ta-ep- A-hI
- m-ih
- mZ
A-hs
- f Xm-dp-am-dm-n-bn-cn-pp.
Sq-Ws
- an t\Sn-b t{Sm-^n t]mse
ssI-am-dpp, Po-h\
- n, `m-ca
- n- .
Kp-cp-Xzm-I-jW
- i
-
- nbpw -bn-n-cn-
- pp.
{]-kwK-I {]-kw-Kn-p-sIm-p-\n-ev
- p-p.31
H-cp-an-n-cp-p- N-I
- f
- p-sS Xo-{ham-b Hm-ab
- n-em-Wv Rm
C-s
- \-sb-gp-Xp-Xv. 2003 Rm a-cn-p- h-jw kvs
- ]-bn-\nse sk-hnen R- ]-{-v F-gp-pIm H-cp-an-n-cp-v R-fp-sS X-ea
- p-db
- p-sS F-gp-n-s {]-iv\
-
- s
- f-
- n N- sN-bvX
- ncpp. F-\n-p-ta sNm-cn-bs
- -p Xp-S
- n-bn-cp- {]-iw-kI-sf ]cn-lk
- n-m-\m-Wv B N-bn F-\n-p tXm-n-bX
- v.32
N-b
- n-se A-kw-_
- X
- I
- fpw A-l
- I
- fpw A-x-km-ci
- q\y-XI
- fpw I-Yb
- p-sS ku-c
- y-im-k{v- X-s-nbpw ]pXn-b F-gp-pIm-c t\-cn-Sp- {]-iv\
-
- s
- f-n \n- F-n-t-tc-n-bn-cp-
[o-cam-b hm-Z
- f
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- n I-e]
- n-eb
- n-se-np,
I-em-]-n-\p-]I-cw (C-y-m-tcm-Sp ku--cy-s-n kw-kmcnm F-\n-v H-cp hn-ti-j_
-
- a
- pv. temI-v Rm I-
G-hpw kp-c
- nbm-b kv{Xo C-y-m-cn-bm-bn-cpp. 1984 Rm
H-cp I-Sbn hn-ev]
- \
-
- m-c\
- m-bn-cp-t- m A-hn-tS-p I-S
- p-h H-cp ln-p-kv{- Xo-bm-bn-cp-p AXv. A-\h
- Z- y-ku-c
- yw. ]n-osSm-cn-epw A-hs
- c-tm-se a-sm-cm-sfbpw Rm I-n-n. A-Xv
12

Im-fo-tZ-hn-bm-sW-v Nn-et- m F-\n-p tXmn. B ln-p-kv{Xo

`q-an-bn-se G-hpw kp-c
- n am-{X-am-bn-cp-n, \- \n-d
h
- f
- p-ambn-cpp.33
ku-c
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- s
- -p-dn-p- Nn-I
F-s ho-pw F-n-tepw hm-bn-n-s-v \o iTn-p- F-s
Ir-Xn-If
- n-tepw sIm-s-n-pp. F-gppw F-gp-p-Im-cp-ambn-cp-p F-s {]-tab- F-p-X
- p-sIm-m-Wv H-cp bp-ht- \mh-en-n-t\m-Sv Rm kw-km-cn-m Xp-\n-bp-X
- v. Ip-td-q-Sn k-qva
- a
- m-bn ]-d
m, D-X
- \m-b H-cp F-gp-p-Im-cn-sbtbm F-gpp-Im-c-s\tbm tXSn, A-s\ F-gp-n-sbpw ku--cy-nsbpw hy-Xy-kvX
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- q-]s
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-
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- vSo-hvk
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- n-p-I Fp hn-fnp. B-am-ib
-
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m-\hn-Im-c
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ITn-\]
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a-\pjy F-p-am{Xw sa-s
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B-\
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- p-am-Wv hmb-\, A-s-n Po-hn-n-cnm thn-bp- k-Sw, Fm-n-ep-ap]-cn A-Xv A-dnhpw tNm-Zy-f
- pamWv. F-gpv, A-tX-ka
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1. I-S
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- p-p, I-S
- \
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I-hn-XI
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14

2. am-Xr-`q-an B-gvN
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- X
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- m-Wv Nbn ]-s-Sp-Xv (]p. 5679).
3. Bolano, Roberto

2666 Translated from Spanish by Natasha Wimmer, London

: Picador 2009, P. 786.

4. kp-`m-jvN{- . am-Xr-`q-an B-gvN

-
- X
- n-n-se N-. ]p. 6667
5. _m-eN
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- { Np-nm-Sn-s I-hn-XI, tIm-bw : Un.kn. _p-Ivkv, 2000, ]p. 128.
6. ss_-_n D-ev]
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7.

Bolano, Roberto, 2666

P. 794

8. Rilke, Rainer Maria, Letters to a Young Poet, Translated from German by M.D.
Herter Norton, New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1993
9. Llosa, Mario Vargas Letters to a Young Novelist, Translated from Spanish by
Natasha Wimmer, London: Picador, 2003
10.

sP.]n. bm-tm-_vk
- (18471885). sU-m-p-Im-c\m-b
t\m-he
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11.

Rilke

Letters to a Young Poet Letter : 2

12. Llosa Letters to a Young Novelist P. 127

13.

Bolano 2666 P. 256

14. Bolano 2666 P. 786

15. Calvino, Italo
Why Read the Classics? (1991) Translated from Italian by
Martin McLaughlin, London : Jonathan Cape, 1999
16. Bolano By Night in Chile (Nocturno De Chile), 2000
17. Bolano Interview with Carmen Boullosa, Bomb Magazine, Bomb 78 / Winter
15

2002
18. Kundera The Art of Novel. Translated from French by Linda Asher, New York
: Grove Press, 1986. P. 6
19.

kp-`m-jvN{- . am-Xr-`q-an B-gvN

-
- X
- n-n-se N-. ]p. 69

20. Bolano By Night in Chile (2000) Translated from Spanish by Chris Andrews,
London : The Harvill Press, 2003, P. 1.

Roberto Bolano : Portrait of the Writer as Noble Savage.

21. Corral, Will H.
'World Literature Today', Vol. 80 No. 6 (Nov.-Dec. 2006) University of Oklahoma P. 48
22. Bolano Interview with Carmen Boullosa, Bomb 78 / Winter 2002
23.

s_m-fm-t\m-bpsS
k-am-lmcw

Last Evening on Earth (2001)

F- sN-dp-IY
- m-

24. s_m-fm-t\m-bpsS Literature + Illness = Illness F- sN-dpIY. The

Insufferable Gaucho (2010) F- k-am-lm-cn Cu I-Yb
- pv.
25. Bolano Interview with Carmen Boullosa : 'I am not one of those nationalist
monsters who only reads what his native country produces.'
26. D-n

B.

am-Xr-`q-an B-gvN
-
- X
- n-n-se N-. ]p. 62

27. ]p-\n Ip-

- p-

A-tX N- ]p. 63

28. in-lm-_po s]m-bv

- pw-IS-hv
29. kp-`m-jvN{

A-tX N- ]p. 79

A-tX N- ]p. 79

30. ]p-\n Ip-

- p-

A-tX N- ]p. 79

31. I-S
- \
- n- cm-aI
- r-jvW
- A-h ]-db
- p-p, I-S
- \
- n-b
- p-sS
I-hn-XI. ]p. 201
32. Cu N Palabra de America (2004) F- t]cn kv]
- m-\njn
]p-kvX
- I
- a
- m-bn-pv.
The Last Interview and other Conversations, Translated from Spanish
by Sybil Perez, New York : Melvil Books, 2011.

33. Bolano

34. Bolano 2666 P. 786

35. Bolano 2666 P. 786
****
16

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