Neraca Energi unit distilasi 1

Neraca energi input = neraca energi output

QV

Q Condensor
QD
QF

QLn+1
QW
Q reboiling

H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + Q loss

H masuk
= Hf =
14065919
J/jam
Q condensation
=
V hv - ((D HD) -( Ln+1 HLnt1))
Menghitung V hv, D hd dan Ln+1 Hn+1
Neraca massa unit kondensor
Komposisi refluks
Komposisi Distilate
laju mol
Massa
laju mol
massa
komponen
XD
XD
Kmol/jam Kg/jam
Kmol/jam
Kg/jam
CH3COOH
0.0723 145.65077 8739.046 0.0723002
32.087
1925.22
H20
0.772517 1556.2561 28012.61 0.7725168 342.84467 6171.2041
NBA
0.155183 312.62021 36313.96 0.1551829 68.870523
8000
Konstanta kapasitas panas fase gas dan liquid
(diolah dari Yaws Handbook
Thermodynamic)

Heat Capacity of Liquid

Komponen

BT

CT2

DT3

CH3COOH
P-xylene

-18.944
-11.035

1.0971
1.515

-2.89E-03
-3.90E-03

2.93E-06
3.92E-06

H2O
N Butyl
Acetat

1.83E+01

4.72E-01

-1.34E-03

1.31E-06

122.827

6.59E-01

-1.84E-03

2.63E-06

cp L

BT

CT2

DT3

Komponen

BT

CT2

DT3

CH3COOH
P-xylene

4.84
-25.901

2.55E-01
6.04E-01

-1.75E-04
-3.37E-04

4.95E-08
6.82E-08

H2O

3.40E+01
13.62

-1.00E-02
5.49E-01

3.00E-05
-2.58E-04

-2.00E-08
1.10E-08

N Butyl Acetat

cp g =

(A
+
BT
Data temperatur dari hasil perhitungan :
Temperatur destilat

= 95 C = 368 K

Temperatur refluks

= 95 C

CT2

DT3

= 368 K

Temperature uap( menara bagian atas )

Temperature referensi

= 119.0871 C = 392.0871 K

= 25 C = 298 K

Menghitung V hV =
V = laju alir mol komponen fase uap
T Uap = 392.0871 K

dan T ref = 298 K

( A + BT + CT2 + DT3 = (A x( T- Tref )) + (B (T2 Tref2 )) +( C (T3 Tref3 )) +

2
3
+ (D (T4 Tref4 ))
4
V hv CH3COOH = V x ( ( A + BT + CT2 + DT3 )
A x(T- Tref ) = 4.84 x (392.0871 - 298 ) = 376.3484
B (T2 Tref2) = 2.55E-01 x (392.08712 - 2982 ) = 8269.65
2
2
3
3
C (T Tref ) = -1.75E-04 x (392.08713 - 2983 ) = - 1972.41
3
3
D (T4 Tref4 ) = 4.95E-08 x (392.08714 - 2984 ) = 194.874
4
4
( A + BT + CT2 + DT3 = 6947.899 J/mol
V hv CH3COOH = 6947.899 J/mol x 177.7377 mol/jam = 1234903.588 J/jam
V hv H20 = V x ( ( A + BT + CT2 + DT3 )
A x(T- Tref ) = 3.40E+01 x (392.0871 - 298 )

= 940.871

B (T2 Tref2) = -1.00E-02 x (392.08712 - 2982 ) = -324.64146

2
2
C (T3 Tref3 ) = 3.00E-05 x (392.08713 - 2983 ) = 338.128
3
3
D (T4 Tref4 ) = -2.00E-08 x (392.08714 - 2984 ) = -78.737
4
4

V x ( A + BT + CT2 + DT3 = 2715.236 j/mol

Hasil perhitungan selanjutanya disajikan dengan tabel perhitungan dibawah
V
cp g
mol/h
J/jam
177.4891449
5948.405
1896.319017
2715.236
381.3991387
13893.32
11503629.61

Komponen
CH3COOH
H20
NBA

D
cpL
mol/h
J/jam
32.049811 9364.865233
342.42469 5267.154449
68.870523 16498.66447
3240017.567

Ln+1
cpL
Moll/h
J/jam
145.43933 9364.865
1553.8943 5267.154
312.52862 16498.66
14702925.92

Maka Q condensation = V hv - ((D HD) -( Ln+1 HLnt1))

= - 6439314 joule/jam
Perhitungan Q bottom
Kondisi bottom section
Temperatur

= 117.45 Celcius dengan T ref = 25 C

Tekanan

Perhitungan

101.32 Kpa / 1 atm

Cp L = ( A + BT + CT2 + DT3

Komponen
CH3COOH
P-Xylene
H20

cp L
massa
Mol
n cp L
J/mol
Kg/jam
74996.55773 1249.943 12568.712 15710168.38
957.6195 9.034146 19279.096 174170.1756
324.4023414 18.02235 6996.6763 126096.5657

Q bottom = 16010435 joule / jam

H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + Q loss
H masuk

H keluar

14050858 J/jam
Q Destilat + Q Bottom

Q Destilat

= 3240018 J/jam

Q bottom

= 16010435 J/jam

Q Condensation

= -6439314 J/jam

Asumsi Q loss = 5% Q reboiling [ kehilangan maksimum = 10% : Ulrich, hal 432]

Sehingga persamaan energi balance menjadi
H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + 5 % Q reboiling

95 % reboiling

(H keluar + Q condensation ) -

95 % reboiling

-1239719

J /jam

Q reboiling

-1304968

J/jam

-65248.4

J/jam

Q loss

H masuk

Neraca Energi unit Distilasi 1

Q in (Joule / jam)

Q out (joule/jam)

H masuk

14050858.03

H keluar

1925043

Q reboiling

-1304967.59

Q Condensation

-6439314

Q loss

65248

12745890

127475890

Perhitungan laju alir pendingin dan kebutuhan steam di unit distilasi 1.

Laju air pendingin.
Q condensation = - 6439314 joule /jam
Tanda negative ( - ) , menyatakan bahwa sistem melepas panas. Sehingga membutuhkan
air pendingin.
Q = N H , Q = n Cp dt

Tout

Cp dt =

( Cp
T = t ref

Tin

( Cp
T = t ref

Cp = ( 18.3 + 0.472T -0.00143T2 + 0.000001316 T3

dengan T in cooling water = 30 0 C
dan T ref = 25 0 C
nilai H in = 373.402393 J/mol
T out cooling water = 60 0 C
H out = 2623.681586 j/mol, maka
H = H out H in = 2250.279 j/mol
N (jumlah air pendingin) = Q / H
= 2861.562198 mol/jam = 51508.11957 kg/jam

Kebutuhan Steam
Q reboiler dari hasil perhitungan neraca energi unit 1 distilasi =

- 1304968 J/jam

Steam yang digunakan adalah superheated steam pada

Kondisi T steam masuk
T in = 200 C dan H spesifik = 2875000 joule/kg
Kondisi Tsteam out
T out = 150 C dan H spesifik = 2776000 joule/kg
Massa steam = Q / H
H = 2776000 2875000 = -9900joule/kg
Massa steam = - 1304968 / - 99000
= 13.1814906 Kg/jam

2. Neraca Energi unit distilasi II

Neraca energi input = neraca energi output
QV

Q Condensor
QD
QF

QLn+1
QW
Q reboiling

H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + Q loss

H masuk
= Hf =
3240018
J/jam
Q condensation
=
V hv - ((D HD) -( Ln+1 HLnt1))
Menghitung V hv, D hd dan Ln+1 Hn+1,

Neraca massa unit kondensor

Komposisi Refluks
laju mol
massa
XD
mol/jam
Kg/jam

Komponen

Komposisi Distilate
laju mol
massa
XD
mol/jam
Kg/jam

CH3COOH

0.00747644

1.707709

102.4625

0.0074764

2.56398488

153.8391

H20
Butyl Asetat

0.9885071
0.00401645

225.7868
0.917406

4064.163
106.5659

0.9885071
0.0040165

339.0004468
1.377410468

6102.008
160

Untuk menghitung Vhf, Dhd dan Ln+1Hn+1 , dibuthkan data konstanta kapasitas panas
Untuk fase cair dan gas
(diolah dari Yaws Handbook
Thermodynamic)

Heat Capacity of Liquid

Komponen

BT

CT2

DT3

CH3COOH
P-xylene

-18.944
-11.035

1.0971
1.515

-2.89E-03
-3.90E-03

2.93E-06
3.92E-06

H2O
N Butyl
Acetat

1.83E+01

4.72E-01

-1.34E-03

1.31E-06

122.827

6.59E-01

-1.84E-03

2.63E-06

cp L

BT

CT2

DT3

Komponen

BT

CT2

DT3

CH3COOH
P-xylene

4.84
-25.901

2.55E-01
6.04E-01

-1.75E-04
-3.37E-04

4.95E-08
6.82E-08

H2O

3.40E+01
13.62

-1.00E-02
5.49E-01

3.00E-05
-2.58E-04

-2.00E-08
1.10E-08

N Butyl Acetat
cp g =

(A

BT

CT2

Data temperatur dari hasil perhitungan :

Temperatur destilat

= 80 C = 353 K

Temperatur refluks

= 80 C

= 353 K

Temperature uap( menara bagian atas )

Temperature referensi

= 100.0325 C = 373.0325 K

= 25 C = 298 K

Menghitung V hV =
V = laju alir mol komponen fase uap

DT3

T Uap = 373.0325 K

dan T ref = 298 K

( A + BT + CT + DT

= (A x( T- Tref )) + (B (T2 Tref2 )) +( C (T3 Tref3 )) +

2
3
4
4
+ (D (T Tref ))
4

Hasil perhitungan Vhf, Dhd dan Ln+1Hn+1

Komponen

V
mol/h

cp g
J/mol

D
mol/h

cpL
J/mol

Ln+1
Mol/h

cpL
J/mol

CH3COOH

4.27169372

10092.81

2.563985

7315.2693

1.707708844

7315.269

H20
Butyl Asetat

564.787294 2611.197
2.29481683
12686.1
1546996.577

339.0004 4131.8782
1.37741
12829.68
1437136.536

225.7868468 4131.878
0.917406361 12829.68
957186.1336

Maka Q condensation = V hv - ((D HD) -( Ln+1 HLnt1))

= - 847326.09 joule/jam
Perhitungan Q bottom
Kondisi bottom section
Temperatur

= 114.7 Celcius dengan T ref = 25 C

Tekanan

101.32 Kpa / 1 atm

Cp L = ( A + BT + CT2 + DT3

Perhitungan

Komponen

massa
Kg/jam

Mol

cp L
J/mol

n cp L

CH3COOH

1769.14957 29.48583 12168.02 358784.04

H20
Butyl Asetat

61.6364449 3.424247 6764.48 23163.249

7840
67.49311 21442.89 1447247.2

Q bottom = 1829194.5 Joule/jam

H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + Q loss
H masuk

= 3240018

H keluar =

J/jam

Q Destilat + Q Bottom

Q Destilat

= 1437137

J/jam

Q bottom

= 1829195

J/jam

= -847326

J/jam

Q Condensation

Asumsi Q loss = 5% Q reboiling [ kehilangan maksimum = 10% : Ulrich, hal 432]

Sehingga persamaan energi balance menjadi

H masuk + Q reboiling = H keluar + Q condensation + 5 % Q reboiling
95 % reboiling

(H keluar + Q condensation ) -

95 % reboiling

-821013

J /jam

Q reboiling

-864224

J/jam

-43211.2

J/jam

Q loss

H masuk

Neraca Energi unit Distilasi 1

Q in (Joule / jam)
H masuk

3240018

Q reboiling

-864224

Q out (joule/jam)
H keluar
Q Condensation
Q loss

2375793.76

3266331.046
-847326
-43211.2
2375793.76

Perhitungan laju alir pendingin dan kebutuhan steam di unit distilasi 1.

Laju air pendingin.
Q condensation = - 847326 joule /jam
Tanda negative ( - ) , menyatakan bahwa sistem melepas panas. Sehingga membutuhkan
air pendingin.
Q = N H , Q = n Cp dt
Cp = ( 18.3 + 0.472T -0.00143T2 + 0.000001316 T3
dengan T in cooling water = 30 0 C
dan T ref = 25 0 C
nilai H in = 373.402393 J/mol
T out cooling water = 50 0 C
H out = 1871.8845 j/mol, maka
H = H out H in = 1498.482 j/mol
Massa air pendingin = Q / H
= 565.456263 mol/jam
= 10178.2127 kg/jam

Kebutuhan Steam
Q reboiler dari hasil perhitungan neraca energi unit 1 distilasi =
Steam yang digunakan adalah superheated steam pada
Kondisi T steam masuk
Kondisi Tsteam out
T in = 150 C dan H spesifik = 2776000 joule/kg
T out = 120 C dan H spesifik = 2706300 joule/kg
Massa steam = Q / H
H = 2776000 2875000 = -69700joule/kg
Maka Massa steam = -864223.8043 / -69700
= 12.3991937 Kg/jam

-864223.8043 J/jam