Literature1 Reviewer

Meaning Two kinds: 1. Connotation (Connotative meaning) Symbolical approach 2. Denotation (Denotative meaning) Literal approach Example: You are the rose of my garden. Rose can be a literal flower, denotative meaning, or love one, connotative meaning. Garden can be a literal place, denotative meaning, or life, connotative meaning. The message can mean You are the love of my life. Figures of Speech 1. Simile comparison of things indirectly. It uses as, like. 2. Metaphor comparison of things directly. Example: Youre like a rose. Simile Youre a rose. Metaphor

3. Personification attributing or giving human characteristics to a thing. Example: The flowers are tossing their heads. Its a windy day The sun is smiling at me. Its a sunny day 4. Hyperbole Exaggeration. Example: I will give you the sun, the moon and the star. I love you 5. Irony - opposite meaning. Example: She sings so well that she makes a great dancer out of tune. She sings badly

6. Euphemism Soft and inoffensive expressions. Example: They separated because of other woman. Broken family He passed away. Death 7. Antonomasia using great persons. Example: She is the Helen of Troy. She is dangerous/beautiful woman 8. Rhetorical question question with answers present on the question. Example: How am I supposed to live without you? 9. Apostrophe talking to someone who is not living or abstract. Example: Death! When shall you come? 10. Metonymy general implication. 11. Synecdoche Specific implication. Whole to part, part to whole. Example: Living on the same roof. Living together The town was starving. People are starving 12. Alliteration obvious repetition of consonant. 13. Assonance obvious repetition of vowel. 14. Onomatopoeia words of sound. Example: Peter piper picks a peck of pickled pepper. Alliteration (p) Yoyo would go-go to bolo. Assonance (o) WOW! BANG! Onomatopoeia (sound of amusement and great impact) 15. 16. 17. 18. Balance/Chiasmus the form is equal. Antithesis extreme opposition. Oxymoron opposite words put in together. Paradox opposite ideas put in together.

Example: One for all, all for one. Balance (one&all=all&one) Now or never. Antithesis Living dead. Oxymoron Love your enemy. Paradox

19. Climax increasing intensity for at least three things. a. Chronological - time b. Emotion - love c. Logic - idea 20. Anti-climax decreasing intensity. Example: You gave birth, you cared, you cloth, and you teach. Chronological (mothers life) I never needed, I never wanted, I never imagined love until you came. - Emotional When you think, you can do; when you do, you can try; and when you try, do your best. - Logic Good, better, best; never let it rest; until good becomes better; and the better becomes best. Logic I lost my job, my family, my money, my car and above all my dog. Anti-climax Literary Standards 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Artistry the beauty and creativity of the literature. Eye appealing. Intellectual value mind appealing. Spiritual value soul/lesson appeal. Suggestiveness emotional value. Heart appealing. Permanence the literary piece last long. Universality true to all people from all walks of life. Style way of literary piece. Simplicity.

Literary Criticism I. II. III. Summary plot of the story. Characters attitude and description of their outlooks. Conflict backbone of the story. a. Man vs. Man b. Man vs. nature c. Man vs. himself Theme moral of the story. Symbol the connotative meaning of the literary piece or instrument used on the literary piece. Association with present life situation the implication and comparison of the story to real life.

IV. V. VI.

Philippine Literary works A. Biag ni Lam Ang (Ilocos) of Pedro Bucaneg - Love Ines. B. Legend of Magat river (Cagayan Valley) - Magat meets a beautiful lady whom he marries. - Magat promise in the name of Kabinuan to not see his wife after noon. - Magat broke his promise and saw a crocodile on the room of his wife. - Magat killed the crocodile, his wife. He threw the dead body on the river and he vanish. C. Aeta Riddles (Central Luzon) D. Bread of salt (Southern tagalog) E. Ibalon (Bicol) F. Hinilawod (Western Visayas) - Humadapnon love of Nagmalitog Yawa. - Abducted by Binukot on an island where they have sex for seven whole years. - Through Dumalapdaps friends (Duwindi, Taghuy, and hangin), Yawa was informed by the situation of Humadapnon. - Nagmmalitong Yawa saved Humadapnon by disguising herself as a man. She slay all Binukot. G. Sicalac and Sicalavay (Central Visayas) H. Waray Modern Poems (Eastern Visayas) Chronological pattern of a Plot Climax (Highest point of interest) Rising Action (Problem(s))

Falling Action (Untying of the Knot)

Introduction (Characters, Setting)

Denouement (Conclusion)