We are excited to welcome fragrance industry expert and practitioner Karen Gilbert to Green Beauty Conversations because Karen not only works actively as a perfumery trainer but also has a wealth of experience in the world of natural skincare. Karen, who is also a trained aromatherapist, started her perfume industry career with one of the large fragrance houses, IFF, as an evaluator of fragrance in products ranging from luxury brands to functional household cleaners. In the late 1990s, Karen joined Neal's Yard, a UK company that helped pioneer natural ingredients in skincare and retails essential and carrier oils. Karen developed their in-house training arm and was key in helping retail staff understand the therapeutic and holistic benefits of naturals, including fragrance, in Neal's Yard products. Who better then to pass on some practical advice to the Formula Botanica community about using fragrance in natural skincare? We learnt a lot from Karen in this packed interview which covered topics ranging from why fragrance can be contentious in the world of natural skincare formulation to scent having the power to create a direct intercession with our emotions and memories. As natural skincare formulators, we might think of fragrance oils primarily for their therapeutic benefits. However, as Karen points out, fragrance is usually a customer's first impression of a personal care product and can influence their purchasing decisions. Perfume, fragrance or scent, whichever term you like to use, has its own semiography. As natural skincare formulators, we'd be wise to understand how scent can sway our potential customers. In this expert series' interview on Green Beauty Conversations, Karen shares her deep industry knowledge and offers a host of practical examples and tips on how best to work with fragrance in natural skincare. [bctt tweet="Perfumery industry expert and trainer @karengilbert shares expertise and practical tips on using fragrance in natural skincare on the #greenbeautyconversations podcast. #fragrance #essentialoils" username="FormulaBotanica"] In this episode, you'll learn: about how our brain processes our sense of smell and why it's important to understand this in developing fragrance blends for our skincare formulations; how odours trigger emotions and memories which in turn can cause us to react to certain scents positively or negatively based on our individual experiences; why fragrance in natural skincare is as important for its aesthetic reasons as for any therapeutic benefits; why scent development needs to take place at the same time as product formulation and why you need to treat scent as an equal partner to other natural ingredients; about how consumers have certain expectations of how personal care products should smell and why you need to take that into consideration when formulating; and why going fragrance free or using unusual fragrances in natural skincare products might require you to educate your potential customers about your brand's ingredient choices. Key practical takeouts on working with fragrance in natural skincare include: Learn how to evaluate the smell of your product bases and raw natural ingredients such as carrier oils and natural extracts. In this way, you can make more informed choices about the right fragrance blends to work in harmony with, enhance or perhaps even mask your base product's aroma as well as provide any desired therapeutic benefits. Be aware that the same fragrance blend won't necessarily have the same odour profile nor be experienced the same way by a consumer across a range of different products. An emulsion, an oliogel, a micellar water, a balm, an exfoliator and so on all have different properties, viscosity and different consumer uses which influence how the scent is experienced. You may need to adjust your fragrance blends or even product formulae to ensure your target customers will enjoy the scent of your products before, during and after use on their skin.